scholarly journals Frühneolithische Fundstellen in West-Sachsen/Ost-Thüringen und am mittleren Dunajec in Kleinpolen: Eine vergleichende Untersuchung der Standortbedingungen

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 255-304
Author(s):  
Klaus Cappenberg
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
North West ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Kulturelle Unterschiede ◽  
Vergleichende Untersuchung ◽  
History Of ◽  
Archaeological Cultures ◽  
Measurable Factors

Early Neolithic sites in West-Saxony/East-Thuringia and at the middle course of the Dunajec river in Lesser Poland: A comparative analysis of enviromental factors This paper aims on differences between Early Neolithic sites in Central Germany and Lesser Poland concerning their position in landscape. Archaeological cultures like Linear Pottery, Stroke Ornamented Pottery and early Lengyel-Polgár groups have been included. North West Saxony and East Thuringia have a huge amount of Early Neolithic sites and a long history of research. The research area in Lesser Poland, placed around the middle course of the Dunajec river, consists out of only a few Early Neolthic sites. A system to compare the divergent archaeological record in both countries has been developed to objectivly compare the sites. Measurable factors like height, slope, distance to rivers have been analyzed as well as qualitative factors such as topographical position or aspect. Besides basic statistic approaches, multivariate methods like Principle Component Analysis or Correspondence Analysis have been complemented by a cluster analysis which could take into account both kinds of data – numeric and qualitative. Two groups can be described by terms of geostatistical positioning. Cultural differences in electing places to live or settle could not have been observed but tendencies of a changing focus on certain factors – e. g. changes the occupation of hilltops in mountanious areas to seeking for short distances to rivers in flat areas. Zusammenfassung: Die vorgestellte Studie untersucht die Standortfaktoren von frühneolithischen Fundstellen in Mitteldeutschland und in Kleinpolen. Archäologische Kulturen wie die Linienbandkeramik, die Stichbandkeramik und Gruppen des Lenygel-Polgár-Komplexes wurden dazu einbezogen. Nordwestsachsen und Ostthüringen weisen eine lange Forschungsgeschichte und eine große Anzahl frühneolithischer Fundstellen auf. Das Untersuchungsgebiet in Kleinpolen, im Bereich des mittleren Dunajec, zeigt nur wenige frühneolithische Fundstellen. Ein System zum Vergleich der verschieden ausgestalteten archäologischen Landesaufnahmen in beiden Ländern musste dazu entwickelt werden, um die Fundstellen vergleichbar zu erfassen. Quantitative wie qualitative Standortfaktoren wie beispielsweise Höhenlage, Hangneigung, Flussentfernung, aber auch topografische Position oder Hangausrichtung wurden dazu untersucht. Neben dem Spektrum der deskriptiven Statistik wurden multivariate Methoden wie die Hauptkomponentenanalyse oder Korrespondenzanalyse verwendet. Eine Synthese beider Datenarten wurde in einer Cluster-Analyse durchgeführt. Zwei Gruppen können hinsichtlich ihrer geostatistischen Positionen gezeigt werden. Deutliche kulturelle Unterschiede in der Standortauswahl konnten nicht beobachtet werden, allerdings gelang es, Tendenzen einer veränderten Platzwahl im Vergleich Tiefland zu Hügelland nachzuweisen: Beispielsweise lässt sich statistisch zeigen, dass Fundstellen im Vorkarpatenbereich bevorzugt in erhöhten Lagen, wie Hügelrücken, zu finden sind, während im Flachland tendenziell der Gewässerbezug statistisch relevant ist.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
David G. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of

This introduction provides background information into the history of research about encampments. It delineates why these kinds of sites are so important in terms of military scholarship. This research area provides perhaps the best means of accessing the daily lives of soldiers and officers who were stationed away from the combat fields. The winter encampments not only formed a place of respite from vigorous combat but also provided soldiers with time to train and strategize.

The Iberian Peninsula

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xosé-Lois Armada ◽  
Ignacio Grau-Mira
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Greek Colonization

This chapter provides an overview of the Iron Age across the Iberian Peninsula, transcending the division between ‘Celtic/Indo-European’ and ‘Iberian/non-Indo-European’ areas which has characterized previous research. This division arose largely from diffusionist thinking that considered cultural development to be dependent on western European or Mediterranean influences respectively, and linked to historical processes led by the great Mediterranean civilizations (Orientalization, Phoenician, and Greek colonization). The chapter begins with an outline of the history of research, the geographical context, and the main types of periodization in use. It then offers a summary of the archaeological record employing a framework of ten regions, beginning with the north-west and ending with the north-east. The final section considers the main subjects of current research into the Iron Age on the Iberian Peninsula (ways of life, the economy, complexity, identity, ritual, and cultural expression).

History of Research in Mammalian Sexual Behavior

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 545-546
Author(s):  
Rae Silver
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of

Review of early developmental stages of trilobites and agnostids from the Barrandian area (Czech Republic)

2017 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Lukáš Laibl ◽  
Oldřich Fatka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Early Developmental Stages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Barrandian Area ◽  
Early Developmental

This contribution briefly summarizes the history of research, modes of preservation and stratigraphic distribution of 51 trilobite and five agnostid taxa from the Barrandian area, for which the early developmental stages have been described.

Bayesian Inference in Human Time Perception

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Likelihood Function ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Psychophysical Testing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
Perception Of Time

Time is a fundamental dimension of human perception, cognition and action, as the perception and cognition of temporal information is essential for everyday activities and survival. Innumerable studies have investigated the perception of time over the last 100 years, but the neural and computational bases for the processing of time remains unknown. First, we present a brief history of research and the methods used in time perception and then discuss the psychophysical approach to time, extant models of time perception, and advancing inconsistencies between each account that this review aims to bridge the gap between. Recent work has advocated a Bayesian approach to time perception. This framework has been applied to both duration and perceived timing, where prior expectations about when a stimulus might occur in the future (prior distribution) are combined with current sensory evidence (likelihood function) in order to generate the perception of temporal properties (posterior distribution). In general, these models predict that the brain uses temporal expectations to bias perception in a way that stimuli are ‘regularized’ i.e. stimuli look more like what has been seen before. Evidence for this framework has been found using human psychophysical testing (experimental methods to quantify behaviour in the perceptual system). Finally, an outlook for how these models can advance future research in temporal perception is discussed.

Perfektives und Imperfektives Partizip

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 27-79
Author(s):  
Marc Brose
Keyword(s):  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Basic Semantic

“Perfective and Imperfective Participle”: This article deals with the basic semantic opposition of the two types of Egyptian participles, jri̯ and jrr. After an extended overview of the history of research presenting the classical approaches of K. Sethe and A. H. Gardiner, who both used established terms of models of tense and aspect, and also the advanced approaches of W. Schenkel, J. P. Allen, K. Jansen-Winkeln and E. Oreál, who introduced new concepts and terminolgy and so tried to overcome the classical approaches, it is nevertheless shown that the classification of the opposition as “perfective–imperfective”, with modernized definitions in contrast to Gardiner’s, suffices to explain the entire functional range of the two types and that the advanced approaches are not necessary.

The Oxford History of Historical Writing

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
North West ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

How was history written in Europe and Asia between 400–1400? How was the past understood in religious, social, and political terms? And in what ways does the diversity of historical writing in this period mask underlying commonalities in narrating the past? The volume tackles these and other questions. Part I provides comprehensive overviews of the development of historical writing in societies that range from the Korean Peninsula to north-west Europe, which together highlight regional and cultural distinctiveness. Part II complements the first part by taking a thematic and comparative approach; it includes chapters on genre, warfare, and religion (amongst others) which address common concerns of historians working in this liminal period before the globalizing forces of the early modern world.

Angkor Wat: A transcultural history of heritages

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Chanratana Chen
Keyword(s):  
Architectural History ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
Black And White ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Photographs ◽  
The University

In December 2019, Michael Falser, of the University of Heidelberg, a specialist on heritage preservation and the art and architectural history of South and Southeast Asia, published his two-volume study, Angkor Wat: A transcultural history of heritages, which he had spent almost ten years researching. The volumes cover the history of research of the most famous monument in Cambodia, Angkor Wat, the world's largest religious monument, listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1992. The two volumes include more than 1,400 black-and-white and colour illustrations, including historical photographs and the author's own photographs, architectural plans and samples of tourist brochures and media clips about Angkor Wat, which has been represented as a national and international icon for almost 150 years, since the 1860s.

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