scholarly journals (Post)humanistyka antropocentrycznego exodusu – w stronę roślinnego socjetas

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Martyna Dziadek
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Plant Kingdom ◽  
Research Tools

(Post)humanities of the Anthropocentric Exodus: Towards plant societas The main aim of this article is an attempt at mapping the preventive strategy in the epoch of climate and ecology crisis through the lens of (post)humanities. Drawing upon posthuman perspectives, as well as methodologies and research tools, I will try to grasp the complexity of reality through relational ontologies, which linked Anthropos with the plant kingdom. As Małgorzata Praczyk pointed out, posthumanism is still not so investigated in humanities (especially in the historic field), and even when it finally appears, ended up at counterproductive reductionism. Trying to avoid this impasse, the author of this text is using the method of morphing history which allows changing the perspectives from anthropocentric one to the plants, thus polyphonic assemblages (A. Tsing) enables to re(present) the other and multispecies agency. Finally, I will map the possible perspectives in an epoch of Anthropocene according to the statement: “the environmental crisis brings a crisis of imagination”(L. Buell). In that sense, rethinking humanities with indigenous knowledge(s) is strongly needed as well as “deep adaptation” (J. Bendell) in order to understand that “humans interact not only with each other, but in all times, places and context of ecosystems, and are affected by them” (R.C. Foltz).

8-hydroxyquinoline-5-(N-4-chlorophenyl) sulfonamide and fluconazole combination as a preventive strategy for Candida biofilm in haemodialysis devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Fernandes da Rocha ◽  
Bruna Pippi ◽  
Angélica Rocha Joaquim ◽  
Saulo Fernandes de Andrade ◽  
Alexandre Meneghello Fuentefria
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Clinical Issue ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Time Kill

Introduction. The presence of Candida biofilms in medical devices is a concerning and important clinical issue for haemodialysis patients who require constant use of prosthetic fistulae and catheters. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. This prolonged use increases the risk of candidaemia due to biofilm formation. PH151 and clioquinol are 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives that have been studied by our group and showed interesting anti-Candida activity. Aim. This study evaluated the biofilm formation capacity of Candida species on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyurethane (PUR) and investigated the synergistic effects between the compounds PH151 and clioquinol and fluconazole, amphotericin B and caspofungin against biofilm cells removed from those materials. Further, the synergistic combination was evaluated in terms of preventing biofilm formation on PTFE and PUR discs. Methodology. Susceptibility testing was performed for planktonic and biofilm cells using the broth microdilution method. The checkerboard method and the time–kill assay were used to evaluate the interactions between antifungal agents. Antibiofilm activity on PTFE and PUR materials was assessed to quantify the prevention of biofilm formation. Results. Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis showed ability to form biofilms on both materials. By contrast, Candida parapsilosis did not demonstrate this ability. Synergistic interaction was observed when PH151 was combined with fluconazole in 77.8 % of isolates and this treatment was shown to be concentration- and time-dependent. On the other hand, indifferent interactions were predominantly observed with the other combinations. A reduction in biofilm formation on PUR material of more than 50 % was observed when using PH151 combined with fluconazole. Conclusion. PH151 demonstrated potential as a local treatment for use in a combination therapy approach against Candida biofilm formation on haemodialysis devices.

Use of Information and Communication Technologies Tools to Capture, Store, and Disseminate Indigenous Knowledge

2017 ◽  
pp. 225-247
Author(s):  
Petros Nhlavu Dlamini
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technology Tools ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The One

This chapter explores the role played by Information and Communication Technology tools in the management of indigenous Knowledge in general. Of importance to note, therefore, is the fact that the emergence of Information and Communication Technology tools has opened new avenues in Indigenous Knowledge Management (IKM) which have the potential of playing important roles in the society by making the valuable knowledge available to everyone who recognizes and uses it. Given the nature of indigenous knowledge which is commonly exchanged through personal communication and demonstration exemplified as deriving from the master to the apprentice, from the parents to the children, from the one neighbour to the other and so on. Information and Communication Technology tools appear to be providing as a solution in forestalling the possible extinction of IK.

Transcendental Monsters, Animism and the Critique of Hyperobjects

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Joff P.N. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Environmental Philosophy ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Japanese Buddhism ◽  
Level I ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis transversal and transilient thought-experiment explores the application and significance of Japanese animism for environmental education and environmental philosophy. Through the exploration of indigenous knowledge found in Japanese folklore and Japanese Buddhism, the thought-experiment offers a critique of a certain strand of contemporary fatalistic and nihilistic thinking regarding the Anthropocene. At its simplest it questions the trend toward mysticism and obfuscation in environmental education and demands a response to the environmental crisis precisely through reason and rationality. How shall this be undertaken? On one level, the hauntings of 妖怪 (Yōkai) and 幽霊 (Yūrei) in Japanese folklore shall act as a prism through which to understand the impact of the fantastical on the contemporary imagination, and on another level, I shall critique the fantastical as such to question the so-called inaccessibility of the hyperobject (Morton, 2014), which in the end leaves us despairingly passive and without the possibility of response. It is in the work of the Japanese philosopher 井上円了 (Inoue Enryō) and especially his defence of Western Enlightenment beliefs during Japan’s modernisation period (1868–1912) that a curious method and heuristic tool is found that may be used to address not only the problem of mystification in Japanese philosophy but also the obfuscation of the ecological object of recent Western thought. Seemingly sacrilegiously, it is through reason and at the limits of the rational that one may approach the hyperobject-in-itself, which is to say, the unfathomable as such.

Use of Information and Communication Technologies Tools to Capture, Store, and Disseminate Indigenous Knowledge

2020 ◽  
pp. 325-347
Author(s):  
Petros Nhlavu Dlamini
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technology Tools ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The One

This chapter explores the role played by Information and Communication Technology tools in the management of indigenous Knowledge in general. Of importance to note, therefore, is the fact that the emergence of Information and Communication Technology tools has opened new avenues in Indigenous Knowledge Management (IKM) which have the potential of playing important roles in the society by making the valuable knowledge available to everyone who recognizes and uses it. Given the nature of indigenous knowledge which is commonly exchanged through personal communication and demonstration exemplified as deriving from the master to the apprentice, from the parents to the children, from the one neighbour to the other and so on. Information and Communication Technology tools appear to be providing as a solution in forestalling the possible extinction of IK.

Preservation of Indigenous Culture of Bataan through an Ayta Magbukon School of Living Tradition (SLT) Program

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
NEIL D. DAVID
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oral Literature ◽  
Indigenous Culture ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Science Culture ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
Living Tradition

The UNESCO declares that there are two approaches to preserve cultural heritage: one is to record it in tangible form and conserve it in an archive; the other is to preserve it in a living form by ensuring its transmission to the next generations. The establishment of SLT is in response to the second approach. This undertaking focuses on the transmission of indigenous knowledge (IK) to the young. It aims to encourage culture specialists to continue with their own work and train younger people to take place in the future. In order to preserve the Ayta Magbukon indigenous culture, the oral literature, traditional skills that included traditional dances, songs, chanting, traditional cooking and traditional medicines were documented using ethnographic approach as the method of collecting data and information. These data was presented again to the cultural masters for validation using the triangulation approach. Results show the significance of this data in the SLT Program in the transmission of the Ayta Magbukon indigenous culture to the young. The program will achieve its goals of culture preservation and the continuation of their wisdom from generation to generation as long as this kind of undertaking will have continuity even without outside intervention.Keywords: Social Science, culture preservation, living traditions, ethnography, descriptive design, Bataan, Philippines

Traces of the Other: Adorno on Natural Beauty

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-189
Author(s):  
André Krebber
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Aesthetic Theory ◽  
Environmental Aesthetics ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This article explores Theodor W. Adorno’s recovery of natural beauty in Aesthetic Theory against the background of current debates in environmental aesthetics and evinces the relationship of his reading of natural beauty to his critique of the domination of nature. From there, a critique of natural domination can be issued through the artwork. Whereas Adorno specifies that artworks do not relate to natural beauty in a positive, pseudomorphotic sense, they nevertheless inherit a quality of natural beauty as presenting to humans what is not reducible to the human. Within the specific historical context of an environmental crisis, then, a case is finally made for art as an area of ecological critique that recovers the artwork and nature from both the artwork’s reduction to a propagandistic tool and its idealistic enlisting for reinstating a bourgeois ideal of nature.

scholarly journals Tinana Te Waka

Te Kaharoa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henare King
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Far North ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand

The book “The Tail of the Fish” was publised in 1968 and written by a Te Aupouri kuia, Matire Kereama (nee: Hoeft) of the far north of Aotearoa, New Zealand. I grew up with this book as my grandmother would read the stories to me at bedtime. Although my comprehension of each story was very vague and unrelatable to my life at that time, today, I find myself totally absorbed by the historical content and knowledge encapsulated in each chapter. I completed a Masters of Applied Indigenous Knowledge at Te Wananga o Aotearoa in 2017, entitled; Tales of the singing fish: He tangi wairua. I compsed twelve waiata (Maori songs) of which ten of the waiata was information extracted from ten chapters of the book. The other two waiata were composed specifically for my people of the Te Rarawa tribe, namely, Ahipara. This waiata acknowledges the tribal landmarks and boundaries of the Te Rarawa tribe which is located in Ahipara.

scholarly journals Indigenous Knowledge and Ethics

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Scarangella
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
The Other ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Collaborative Relationship ◽  
Research Framework ◽  
Relationship Model

Academics, corporations, and government agencies have begun to take greater interest in conducting Indigenous Knowledge (lK) research in response to environmental issues and failures of "development projects." Indigenous scholars and communities, however, are concerned about how these research projects may affect their communities and goals towards autonomy. In order to protect their IK and minimize the possibility for misrepresentation and/or misuse, some communities insist on equal control and participation in the entire research project. This article examines the debates surrounding the definition and use of lK. I then explore a research framework based on "relationships" as one possible model that may address indigenous concerns about control, authorship, ownership, and benefits. I discuss two variations of a relationship model: one based on "reciprocity,'" the other on "covenants." I conclude that a collaborative relationship research model complements indigenous expectations and conceptions of research and begins to address indigenous concerns.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Live Attenuated Dengue Vaccines: CYD-TDV; TDV (TAK-003) and TV003/TV005

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Yoseph Jeffry Hertanto ◽  
Bernadette Dian Novita
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Dengue Vaccine ◽  
Specific Therapy ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccines ◽  
Robust Immune Response ◽  
Dengue Transmission ◽  
Effective Preventive Strategy

Highlight:Differences in the efficacy of CYD-TDV versus the other TAK-003 and TV003/TV005 were discussed.One licensed dengue vaccine is CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia). Abstract:Dengue fever is the most common tropical disease, but there still remains no specific therapy that can overcome it. Special attention needs to be paid to this disease, because there were large increases in incidence in the last decade. As an effective preventive strategy, finding a new vaccine for dengue fever with higher potentiation and efficacy is highly necessary to stop dengue transmission especially in the endemic area. Vaccine triggers an immune response, so that it can create a robust immune response when infected. Nowadays, there is only one licensed dengue vaccine that is CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia). However, this vaccine still has many weaknesses, namely its dependency on the serostatus of the recipient. There are also other dengue vaccines that are in ongoing clinical testing and have promising results, TDV (TAK-003) and TV003/TV005. These three vaccines are live attenuated vaccines with various results. This review discussed differences in the efficacy of CYD-TDV against the other TAK-003 and TV003/TV005; considering the known and unknown various factors.

scholarly journals Witnessing the Unseen

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-129
Author(s):  
Liana Chua
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
Research Projects

This article draws on two research projects – one on orangutan conservation, and the other on religious change among indigenous Bidayuh communities – to reflect on the relations, technologies and processes involved in producing witnesses and witness-able truths. I compare two forms of witnessing: visualizations of environmental crisis and orangutan extinction, and modes of encountering invisible entities among Bidayuhs. Both involve the challenge of making the unseen visible or apprehensible and thus addressable. But whereas the first entails a crisis-laden visual imaginary that turns witnessing into a form of human stewardship over the environment, the second involves a more relational encounter involving mutual adjustment and responsivity to obligations and commitments. I suggest that this latter mode of witnessing invites us to reimagine both the crisis logic of environmental visualizations and ideals and practices of anthropological witnessing.

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