Student teachers' perceptions of the collaborative relationships form between universities and inclusive elementary schools in Indonesia

Background: The collaborative relationship between universities and inclusive elementary schools has not been maximally practiced. The form of collaboration that universities with inclusive elementary schools have carried out is still limited to the need to complete lecture materials in the semester. There is a gap between the theory and practice obtained by student teachers at universities when they have to teach in inclusive elementary schools. As a result, they have not contributed to solving problems that occur in inclusive elementary schools. The collaborative relationship between inclusive elementary schools and universities directly implies that the success of inclusive education is determined by the competence of student teachers whose universities have successfully educated them in order to teach in inclusive elementary schools. Against the background that the inclusive education system is developing in Indonesia, the researchers investigated student teachers' perceptions at universities about inclusive university-inclusive elementary school collaborative relationships. Methods: During data collection, an online survey and in-depth interviews of student teachers about individual experiences and their ideas about the form of inclusive elementary schools-university partnerships was conducted. The data analysis used is a thematic analysis technique. Result: The result summarizes student teachers' statements, revealed three main themes: provision of inclusive education needs, research, and field practice. The student teachers revealed that the collaborative relationship between universities and inclusive elementary schools is essential to develop holistic, inclusive practices in a collaborative partnership based on input-needs, which has a two-way impact or benefit for both parties. Conclusions: Furthermore, collaborative relationships must be in the form of long-term programs, such as continuous assistance, and adaptation to the development of inclusive education through lecture materials. To achieve inclusive education in Indonesia, we also recommend that the government make policies on multi-sectoral collaboration in order to support inclusive education.

Collaboration among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises as Part of Internationalization: A Systematic Review

This article performs a systematic review of the research literature on the forms of collaboration among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) so that they reach the foreign market, since there is a lack of research focusing on the collaborative relationship between national companies as a strategic option for accessing the foreign market. In addition, we analyzed the articles to conceptually synthesized the elements that make up the business models of these collaborative forms of operating in the foreign market. Likewise, we analyzed real cases of collaborative processes among SMEs for the foreign market and highlight the contributions of governments in promoting actions to support these collaborations. We also show some directions for future research that were pointed out by the articles.

Helping Homeless Youth: Epistemological Implications of Power in a YPAR Project

Text from Nasma: 'I’ve started moving my things out of the house. I’m putting it in your office for now.' Thus began the story of how one of the youth I had worked with for four years on various YPAR projects became homeless and turned to me for help. Entering this crisis with Nasma took time and an emotional toll, and it affected the power dynamics of our relationship when finishing our YPAR project. Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) works to rebalance power in inequitable relationships based on roles, age, race, gender, etc. Providing care to Nasma as she confronted the traumatic situation of homelessness affected our collaborative relationship as she became dependent on me for basic economic resources. Through this process, the inequities in age and material resources between Nasma and me were centred, displacing the more equitable interactions that we had constructed through YPAR projects. This article employs critical autoethnography to examine the epistemological ‘risks of care’ and argues that the calls for ‘care-full’ scholarship still need to contend with the pitfalls of differential power dynamics in YPAR.

CHETTOUH

Linguistic research is based on two principles: the specific and the general. The specific aspect is ‎linked to the fact that linguistics is considered as an autonomous science having its ‎scientific ‎ characteristics which distinguish it from other human sciences. And given its particular interest in ‎language, it has its internal and external foundations and its own objectives. It describes the ‎structure of the language, seeks to know its secrets, explores its rules which control its fundamental ‎structure, and among other things delves into its sound, structural and semantic characteristics in ‎order to put a set of universal rules.‎ As for the general aspect, it is linked to the relationship existing between linguistics and the ‎other sciences: a relationship of mutual influence.‎ Linguistic research has played a major role in the institution of contemporary Arab critical ‎terminology starting from its beginning in the 1960s.‎ Critical research aims to institute critical terminology according to a system influenced by the ‎descriptive approach in the institution of thematic and conceptual oriented terminology.‎ This article aims to highlight the collaborative relationship between linguistic research and ‎critical research. So what are the limits of this collaboration, What are the linguistic bases of terminology according to the perception of Mahmoud Fahmy ‎Hegazy in his The Linguistic Foundations of Terminology as a model reflecting the efforts of ‎Arabs in the field of critical linguistics‎.

The world commerce & contracting principles: Can Asia embrace them?

Negotiating a contract with Asian lawyers for the first time could be a baffling experience. Used to clarity on risk allocation and financial obligations, a Western lawyer is confronted with negotiations driven by consensus and contract provisions based on flexibility and good faith discussions. Musyawarah-mufakat (deliberation and consensus in Bahasa Indonesia) goes beyond ASEAN multilateral agreements and pervade doing business as well. Embracing the World CC Principles is a constructive step in Asian contract drafting: they are not alien in concept and have counterparts in domestic civil or common law. The ability to quickly agree on the provisions covered by the World CC Principles provides a sense of collaborative relationship — an essential aspect of doing business in Asia. But Asian lawyers have yet to be familiar with the World CC Principles, be willing to embrace them, and advocate the benefits of imbedding the World CC Principles in their business culture.

Perceptions of Student Teachers on Collaborative Relationships Between University and Inclusive Elementary Schools: A Case Study in Indonesia

This study explores the perceptions of student teachers on the collaborative relationship between inclusive elementary schools (IESs) and universities. Data were collected through online surveys and semi-structured interviews with 50 student teachers studying in elementary school teacher education study programs spread across three provinces of Indonesia, namely West Java, Central Java, and East Java. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The analysis results found four main themes: inclusive teacher readiness, benefits, inclusive education insights, and inclusive education quality. This study indicates that mutually the collaborative relationship between universities and IESs is very important for the two parties specifically, and for inclusive education in Indonesia generally. Broadly, this research implies that, to establish policies and practices for inclusive education, universities, as the primary authority for producing inclusive teacher candidates, must design programs that are relevant to the problems experienced by IESs. Policymakers, namely the government through the education office, must support and encourage multi-relational collaborative relationships with all parties. To date, the implementation of inclusive education, especially the involvement of all stakeholders in developing inclusive education, follows the policies set by the government – the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology – of the Republic of Indonesia.

New Graduate Nursing Retention in 2020: A Multifactorial Analysis

The issue of new graduates prematurely exiting the profession has a long-standing, complicated history in nursing. Current retention is further complicated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The state of the global workforce and transition shock theory situate this issue. Ray's theory of bureaucratic caring frames the analysis with proposed recommendations for individual nurses, healthcare organizations, and academia. The sociocultural and political domains of Ray's theory offer guidance for nurse leaders in academic and practice settings. The importance of a collaborative relationship between academic and practice settings is vital to mitigate the phenomenon of early exit of new graduates.

A Collaborative Method for Scoping Software Product Lines: A Case Study in a Small Software Company

SPL scoping is the activity for bounding Software Product Lines (SPL), gathering heterogeneous knowledge from diverse sources. For achieving an agreement among different stakeholders, a commonalty scope must be understood and committed to. However, gathering this knowledge from stakeholders with individual interests is a complex task. This paper reports the experience of scoping the SPL of a small Colombian software company, applying and evaluating a collaborative method called CoMeS-SPL. The company was looking to develop a set of products from a product previously developed with great potential to be adapted and sold to different customers. From a collaborative relationship university–enterprise model, the research groups that developed CoMeS-SPL proposed to use it answering to the company needs for defining an organization-suitable reuse scope around its platform called CORA. Both parties joined in the scoping co-production of the first SPL of the company. This method implied that the company would perform new tasks and involve other roles different for those who are used to defining the scope of a single product. The company actors considered that they obtained a useful scope and perceived the collaboration as valuable because they shared different knowledge and perspectives. The researchers were able to provide feedback on their proposed model, identifying successes and aspects to improve. The experience allowed strengthening the ties of cooperation with the company, and new projects and consultancies are being carried out.

Collaborative relationship-focused occupational therapy: Evolving lexicon and practice

Background. Client-centred practice has been part of occupational therapists’ identity for several decades. However, therapists have begun to question whether the term obstructs critical relational aspects of therapy. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to summarize critiques of the use of the term client-centred and propose an expanded descriptor and a fundamental shift in how occupational therapists engage with individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations. Key Issues. Three themes summarize critiques of how client-centred practice has been envisioned: (a) the language of client-centred, (b) insufficient appreciation of how the therapist affects the relationship, and (c) inadequate consideration of the relational context of occupation. We propose collaborative relationship-focused practice that has key relational elements of being contextually relevant, nuanced, and safe, and promotes rights-based self-determination. Conclusion. We argue that these essential relational elements, along with a focus on occupations, are required to promote occupational participation, equity, and justice.

The Sign Language in Psychotherapy with Prelingually Deaf Person

Specialized psychotherapy for deaf people is still a young field of scientific research. The article describes collaboration and interaction between a therapist and a prelingually deaf person. This special collaborative relationship has several dimensions: language, Deaf culture, interpreting.