scholarly journals Elements of positivism in the Ukrainian philosophy and culture of the second half of the 19th century

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 269-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Artyukh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Auguste Comte ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article addresses the appropriation of positivist thought by Ukrainian intellectuals in the second half of the nineteenth century, in particular in the field of philosophy of history. By discussing elements of positivist thought in the works of Mykhailo Drahomanov, Ivan Franko and Pantaleimon Kulish, the author argues that all three were under direct influence of positivist thought, but none of them was a blind adherent of positivism. Positivism particularly influenced their thinking about history and the issue of determinism. Importantly, it was not the French positivism of Auguste Comte whose ideas were adopted, but rather the English positivism of Henry Thomas Buckle and John Stuart Mill.

THE IDEA OF «COMMUNITY» IN THE GOVERNMENT CONCEPTS OF GALICIA OF THE XIX – BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Liubomyr Ilyn
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze and systematize the views of social and political thinkers of Galicia in the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries. on the right and manner of organizing a nation-state as a cathedral. Method. The methodology includes a set of general scientific, special legal, special historical and philosophical methods of scientific knowledge, as well as the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematic and comprehensive. The problem-chronological approach made it possible to identify the main stages of the evolution of the content of the idea of catholicity in Galicia's legal thought of the 19th century. Results. It is established that the idea of catholicity, which was borrowed from church terminology, during the nineteenth century. acquired clear legal and philosophical features that turned it into an effective principle of achieving state unity and integrity. For the Ukrainian statesmen of the 19th century. the idea of catholicity became fundamental in view of the separation of Ukrainians between the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires. The idea of unity of Ukrainians of Galicia and the Dnieper region, formulated for the first time by the members of the Russian Trinity, underwent a long evolution and received theoretical reflection in the work of Bachynsky's «Ukraine irredenta». It is established that catholicity should be understood as a legal principle, according to which decisions are made in dialogue, by consensus, and thus able to satisfy the absolute majority of citizens of the state. For Galician Ukrainians, the principle of unity in the nineteenth century. implemented through the prism of «state» and «international» approaches. Scientific novelty. The main stages of formation and development of the idea of catholicity in the views of social and political figures of Halychyna of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries are highlighted in the work. and highlighting the distinctive features of «national statehood» that they promoted and understood as possible in the process of unification of Ukrainian lands into one state. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal studies, preparation of special courses.

A ‘LESS THAN ENTHUSIASTIC’ FRIENDSHIP: JOHN MORLEY, GEORGE ELIOT, AND GEORGE HENRY LEWES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
George Eliot ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Critical Distance ◽  
Auguste Comte ◽  
Liberal Philosophy ◽  
Aesthetic Preferences

Abstract For roughly a decade, John Morley enjoyed a warm and deferential sociality with George Henry Lewes and George Eliot. The basis for their friendship was the positivist philosophy of Auguste Comte, which initially held great appeal to Morley, who had lost his religious faith while studying as an undergraduate at Balliol, Oxford. While Lewes and Eliot’s views on Comte were largely fixed by middle age, Morley, still in his twenties, was searching for a substitute belief system. As Morley began to embrace the liberal philosophy of (and form a friendship with) John Stuart Mill, who had declared himself to be an antagonist of Comte’s, Morley, Lewes, and Eliot increasingly held less in common. This lack of commonality gave Morley the critical distance to reassess the couple both personally and intellectually. Embracing a new philosophy and divergent aesthetic preferences, Morley developed an equivocal view of his friends, roughly two decades his senior. Utilizing letters, diary entries, published writings, and a previously untranslated document in French, this essay provides a complex portrait of an intergenerational friendship among three nineteenth-century intellectuals.

scholarly journals SOCIOCULTURAL SPLIT AND RADICALIZATION OF SOCIETY IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 288-293
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Savchuk
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article discusses the causes of the sociocultural contradictions that led to the radicalization of society and the emergence of terrorist revolutionary organizations in the second half of the 19th century. The social structure of society is considered. The danger of underestimating society propaganda of extremist ideas of revolutionaries is shown.

scholarly journals A PERSONAGEM LOU COMO TRANSGRESSORA DAS NORMAS SOCIAIS IMPOSTAS À MULHER NO SÉCULO XIX EM HUMANA, DEMASIADO, HUMANA

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Dos Santos Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
The 19Th Century

Resumo O artigo apresenta um estudo da obra Humana, demasiado, humana, de Luzilá Gonçalves Ferreira, com ênfase na análise das personagens femininas, em especial, Lou Salomé. Busca- se compreender como essas mulheres transgrediram os padrões da sociedade do século XIX, época em que as mulheres estavam excluídas do poder político e educacional pura e simplesmente. Palavras-chave: Mulheres. Transgressora. Lou Andreas Salomé. Luzilá Gonçalves Ferreira. THE CHARACTER OF LOU AS A TRANSGRESSOR OF SOCIAL STANDARDS IMPOSED ON WOMEN IN THE 19TH CENTURY IN HUMAN, TOO, HUMANAbstract The article presents a study of Human, too, human, by Luzilá Gonçalves Ferreira, emphasizing an analysis of female characters, particularly Lou Salome. We seek to understand how these women transgress the standards of the nineteenth century society, when women used to be excluded from political power and educational pure and simply. Keywords: Women. Transgressive. Lou Andreas Salomé. Luzilá Gonçalves Ferreira.

The Next Chapter: The Black Presence in the Nineteenth Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 315-330
Author(s):  
Caroline Bressey
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Digital Archives ◽  
Black British ◽  
British Experience ◽  
Black Man ◽  
The 19Th Century

Caroline Bressey turns her attention in this chapter to the 19th century descendants of blacks who had found their way to Britain in the previous century. She focuses on the flawed Victorian depictions of the British black presence (most notably found in the 1875 essay ‘The Black Man’ published in Charles Dickens’s periodical All The Year Round)—which offered narrow sketches of the lives and opportunities of the black population. Bressey offers anecdotal examples of a wider spectrum of employment and lifestyles that blacks were able to partake in and describes how some of the obstacles to uncovering a clearer picture of 19th century blacks in Britain are being eased by the digitization of newspapers, census returns and family papers and diaries. Bressey concludes by calling for more study, propelled by these digital archives, to better understand the diversity of the black British experience.

The Rise of Standard Hindi and Early Hindi Prose Fiction

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-132
Author(s):  
R. S. McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Prose Fiction ◽  
The 19Th Century

Pre-nineteenth-century prose and prose fiction in Hindi dialects. It is well known that the use of Sanskritized prose in Hindi dialects dates from long before the beginning of the 19th century A.D. The pre-19th-century prose texts which have been preserved in Braj Bhāṣā, Khaṛi Bolī, and Rājasthānī dialects have a collective importance for our subject as antecedents of the Sanskritized style of standard Hindi, based on Khaṛī Bolī, which emerged in the 19th century. Their existence demonstrates that before this time there were already recognized traditions of prose-writing in the main western Hindi dialects, and that within these traditions it was customary to use Sanskrit words to supplement the vocabulary of one's dialect, and to work in the Devanāgarī script.

Racial Articulation and Labor in the 19th Century Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Dias
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Political Structures ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article seeks to explain how economic and local political structures shaped the ways in which public officials articulated ideas of race and labor in the nineteenth century Brazil. Employing a comparative historical method, this work advances the literature in two ways. First, it suggests that what we have come to view as a positive valuation of blackness has roots in the economic development prior to the centralized nation-building processes. Second, the findings of this study point to the effects of intra-national factors, such as economic structures and patterns of labor incorporation, in shaping how regional public officials articulated notions of “race,” labor, and progress.

Richard W. Bailey, Nineteenth-century English. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996. Pp. viii, 372. Pb $19.95.

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-294
Author(s):  
Edward Finegan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Valuable Property ◽  
Ann Arbor ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Treating the least well researched period in the history of English, Richard Bailey's groundbreaking book is an admirable success: wry in its humor, clear in its science, and compelling in its humanity. More than that, it is a sterling achievement of research, a model for all who write about the history of spoken or written English, a benchmark of scope and insight. Bailey's calculations suggest that, in the course of the 19th century, the number of English speakers increased from 26 million to 126 million, helping to make the century the “most transforming” period in the history of English: it was transformed “from merely a language to a valuable property, firmly incorporated into capitalist economies. Far more than at any earlier time, English could be bought and sold. It was even possible to earn one's livelihood by working with it”.

“The Church of Humanity”: New York's Worshipping Positivists

1991 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillis J. Harp
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
George Eliot ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Henry Adams ◽  
Harriet Martineau ◽  
Auguste Comte ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Church

The philosophy of Auguste Comte changed irrevocably the intellectual contours of nineteenth-century Europe. In the Anglo-American world, John Stuart Mill was profoundly influenced by Comte's magisterial Cours de philosophie positive (1830–1842) and Mill's work became an important conduit through which Americans such as John Fiske, Lester F. Ward and Henry Adams encountered positivism. Comte's controversial later work (especially the Systéme de politique positive [1851–1854]) was also significant, although Mill and others became harsh critics of the so-called ‘second system.’ English admirers of Comte's bizarre social and religious blueprint did include notables, however, such as Frederic Harrison, Harriet Martineau and novelist George Eliot1.

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