A New Model for Predicting the Maximum Gas Entrapment Concentration in a Yield Stress Fluid

Summary Gas entrapment is a typical phenomenon in gas-yield stress fluid two-phase flow, and most of the related research focuses on the entrapped condition of the single bubble. However, the amount of entrapped gas, which is more meaningful for engineering, is rarely involved. In this paper, a theoretical model for calculating the maximum gas entrapment concentration (MGEC) is established for the first time. The critical distance between horizontal and vertical entrapped bubbles was determined by the yielded region caused by the buoyancy and the coupled stress field around the multiple bubbles. The MGEC is the ratio of a single bubble volume to its domain volume, which is calculated from the distance between the vertical and the horizontal bubbles. By comparing with the experimental results, the average error of MGEC calculated by this model is 4.42%, and the maximum error is 7.32%. According to the prediction results of the model, an empirical equation that can be conveniently used for predicting MGEC is proposed.

SUBVERSION AND THE DOUBLE VOICE IN LILLIAN SMITH AND KATHERINE DUPRE LUMPKIN

Lillian Smith and Katharine Du Pre Lumpkin provide a subversive framework for the history of the South through the genre of autobiography. This paper will explore how both authors use a double voice to articulate their confrontation with the Lost Cause. On the one hand, the child protagonist is a Southerner and therefore an insider and participant, while on the other hand, the adult protagonist subverts the dominant social discourse thanks to a critical distance which is both physical and psychological. Smith and Lumpkin use autobiography to challenge tradition, hence subverting the central roles of race and gender.

Molecular Structure of Nickel Octamethylporphyrin—Rare Experimental Evidence of a Ruffling Effect in Gas Phase

The structure of a free nickel (II) octamethylporphyrin (NiOMP) molecule was determined for the first time through a combined gas-phase electron diffraction (GED) and mass spectrometry (MS) experiment, as well as through quantum chemical (QC) calculations. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations do not provide an unambiguous answer about the planarity or non-planar distortion of the NiOMP skeleton. The GED refinement in such cases is non-trivial. Several approaches to the inverse problem solution were used. The obtained results allow us to argue that the ruffling effect is manifested in the NiOMP molecule. The minimal critical distance between the central atom of the metal and nitrogen atoms of the coordination cavity that provokes ruffling distortion in metal porphyrins is about 1.96 Å.

Sounding an Idol: The Television as Imagetext in Don DeLillo’s White Noise

The response of critics to Don DeLillo’s seminal novel White Noise has centred on the connections that can be drawn between this work and the critical context that surrounded it upon its publication in 1984, namely the climate of radical scepticism ushered in by critics like Jean Baudrillard. This article attempts to argue that the relationship between the novel and this critical climate is far more antagonistic than has been acknowledged previously. Drawing upon the critic W.J.T. Mitchell’s reading of Friedrich Nietzsche’s concept of the “sounding”, as opposed to the iconoclastic smashing, of idols, the article will “sound” the idol which is at the centre of DeLillo’s novel: the television. This will show the critical distance that DeLillo deliberately established between his text and the texts of postmodern theory that were fashionable throughout the later twentieth century (particularly at the time White Noise was published) and will place DeLillo in a more contemporary context, his face turned not only to the past, but to the critical horizons ahead of him.

Modern Japan and Multiple Modernities: A Case Study

Transformation studies should be a key topic for the comparative analysis of civilizations. Their most important task is to deal with the changes to world-views and cultural semantics inherited from axial traditions, changes resulting from the emergence of modern society and its radically innovative normative turn. To put it another way, the question relates to modern discursive reworkings of path-dependent figures of thought. In the context of such processes, discourses on identity intertwine with more or less critically oriented discourses on culture and society. For non-European countries, and very emphatically for Japan, Northwestern Europe is an almost exclusive domain of reference, notwithstanding eventual condemnations of European “decadence” or – as the case may be – capitalist contradictions. But when some critical distance from Europe is achieved, it combines easily with returns to a supposedly primordial native legacy, even with the illusory belief that this legacy can inspire a transformative creation of something new in human history. Such intellectual phenomena occur, with significant variations, across a broad political spectrum. This essay discusses a few exemplary Japanese cases.

Critical distance between two irregular adjacent buildings in order to prevent collision during earthquake

The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of suitable distance due to prevent the impact between two irregular adjacent buildings when earthquake is caused to occur large lateral displacement and damage the elements of buildings. For this purpose, by using a mathematical program based on neural network, the number of stories, the period and height of investigated models, PGD, PGV and PGA of earthquake records are defined and the nonlinear lateral displacements of different structures are determined in order to use in the program. Thus, the results of displacements based on all inputs are listed and the minimum critical distance is approximately estimated based on especial regression. For instance, a 3-4 story model is numerically investigated by Tabas earthquake record, which is suggested to provide required gap size about 70 cm. In fact, each model has to observe a 35 cm gap. A newly developed program based on mathematical equations are applied for determining the lateral displacements of each story. A new mathematical formula is proposed by neural network, which shows the least distance between irregular adjacent buildings. For investigating the accuracy of formula, two different ways are performed and the results of analyses confirm suggested equation. For this challenge, a 2-4 story model is considered and three different critical distances are calculated to be 59, 62 and 75 cm which show the last gap size is able to provide safety gap size, determined by suggested formula.

Experimental Study on the Transition between Static and Kinetic Frictions of Steel/Shale Pairs

The transition between static and kinetic frictions of steel/shale pairs has been studied. It was found that the coefficient of friction decreased exponentially from static to dynamic friction coefficient with increasing sliding displacement. The difference between static and dynamic friction coefficients and the critical distance Dc under the dry friction condition is much larger than that under the lubricated condition. The transition from static to dynamic friction coefficient is greatly affected by the normal load, quiescent time, and sliding velocity, especially the lubricating condition. Maintaining continuous lubrication of the contact area by the lubricant is crucial to reduce or eliminate the stick-slip motion. The results provide an insight into the transition from static to dynamic friction of steel/shale pairs.