Socio-Economic Ambience of Slum Dwellers,Kamlapur area of Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamim Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Slum Dwellers

Knowledge and Perception on Rti and Aids Among Urban Slum Dwellers: A Study in Ap

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 490-492
Author(s):  
Prof. Ravindra kumar. V. K Prof. Ravindra kumar. V. K ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Slum ◽  
Slum Dwellers

scholarly journals COVID-19 among the inhabitants of the slums in the city of Buenos Aires: a population-based study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e044592
Author(s):  
Alejandro Macchia ◽  
Daniel Ferrante ◽  
Gabriel Battistella ◽  
Javier Mariani ◽  
Fernán González Bernaldo de Quirós
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Health Reporting ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Integrated Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

ObjectiveTo summarise the unfolding of the COVID-19 epidemic among slum dwellers and different social strata in the city of Buenos Aires during the first 20 weeks after the first reported case.DesignObservational study using a time-series analysis. Natural experiment in a big city.SettingPopulation of the city of Buenos Aires and the integrated health reporting system records of positive RT-PCR for COVID-19 tests.ParticipantsRecords from the Argentine Integrated Health Reporting System for all persons with suspected and RT-PCR-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 between 31 January and 14 July 2020.OutcomesTo estimate the effects of living in a slum on the standardised incidence rate of COVID-19, corrected Poisson regression models were used. Additionally, the impact of socioeconomic status was performed using an ecological analysis at the community level.ResultsA total of 114 052 people were tested for symptoms related with COVID-19. Of these, 39 039 (34.2%) were RT-PCR positive. The incidence rates for COVID-19 towards the end of the 20th week were 160 (155 to 165) per 100 000 people among the inhabitants who did not reside in the slums (n=2 841 997) and 708 (674 to 642) among slums dwellers (n=233 749). Compared with the better-off socioeconomic quintile (1.00), there was a linear gradient on incidence rates: 1.36 (1.25 to 1.46), 1.61 (1.49 to 1.74), 1.86 (1.72 to 2.01), 2.94 (2.74 to 3.16) from Q2 to Q5, respectively. Slum dwellers were associated with an incidence rate of 14.3 (13.4 to 15.4).ConclusionsThe distribution of the epidemic is socially conditioned. Slum dwellers are at a much higher risk than the rest of the community. Slum dwellers should not be considered just another risk category but an entirely different reality that requires policies tailored to their needs.

scholarly journals Economics of healthcare access in low-income and middle-income countries: a protocol for a scoping review of the economic impacts of seeking healthcare on slum-dwellers compared with other city residents

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e045441
Author(s):  
Noemia Teixeira de Siqueira-Filha ◽  
Jinshuo Li ◽  
Eliud Kibuchi ◽  
Zahidul Quayyum ◽  
Penelope Phillips-Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Purchase Power Parity ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Scoping Reviews

IntroductionPeople living in slums face several challenges to access healthcare. Scarce and low-quality public health facilities are common problems in these communities. Costs and prevalence of catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) have also been reported as high in studies conducted in slums in developing countries and those suffering from chronic conditions and the poorest households seem to be more vulnerable to financial hardship. The COVID-19 pandemic may be aggravating the economic impact on the extremely vulnerable population living in slums due to the long-term consequences of the disease. The objective of this review is to report the economic impact of seeking healthcare on slum-dwellers in terms of costs and CHE. We will compare the economic impact on slum-dwellers with other city residents.Methods and analysisThis scoping review adopts the framework suggested by Arksey and O’Malley. The review is part of the accountability and responsiveness of slum-dwellers (ARISE) research consortium, which aims to enhance accountability to improve the health and well-being of marginalised populations living in slums in India, Bangladesh, Sierra Leone and Kenya. Costs of accessing healthcare will be updated to 2020 prices using the inflation rates reported by the International Monetary Fund. Costs will be presented in International Dollars by using purchase power parity. The prevalence of CHE will also be reported.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for scoping reviews. We will disseminate our results alongside the events organised by the ARISE consortium and international conferences. The final manuscript will be submitted to an open-access international journal. Registration number at the Research Registry: reviewregistry947.

scholarly journals “Give Us the Chance to Be Part of You, We Want Our Voices to Be Heard”: Assistive Technology as a Mediator of Participation in (Formal and Informal) Citizenship Activities for Persons with Disabilities Who Are Slum Dwellers in Freetown, Sierra Leone

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5547
Author(s):  
Victoria Austin ◽  
Cathy Holloway ◽  
Ignacia Ossul Vermehren ◽  
Abs Dumbuya ◽  
Giulia Barbareschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Capacity Assessment ◽  
Informal Markets ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Deep Dive ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Slum Dwellers

The importance of assistive technology (AT) is gaining recognition, with the World Health Organisation (WHO) set to publish a Global Report in 2022. Yet little is understood about access for the poorest, or the potential of AT to enable this group to participate in the activities of citizenship; both formal and informal. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore AT as mediator of participation in citizenship for persons with disabilities who live in two informal settlements in Freetown, Sierra Leone (SL). The paper presents evidence from 16 participant and 5 stakeholder interviews; 5 focus groups and 4 events; combining this with the findings of a house-to-house AT survey; and two national studies—a country capacity assessment and an informal markets deep-dive. Despite citizenship activities being valued, a lack of AT was consistently reported and hindered participation. Stigma was also found to be a major barrier. AT access for the poorest must be addressed if citizenship participation for persons with disabilities is a genuine global intention and disability justice is to become a reality.

scholarly journals “The Hoist of the Yellow Flag”: Vulnerable Port Cities and Public Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 153851322199871
Author(s):  
Dirk Schubert ◽  
Cor Wagenaar ◽  
Carola Hein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Social Darwinism ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Port City ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Yellow Flag ◽  
Dutch City

Port cities have long played a key role in the development, discovery, and fight against diseases. They have been laboratories for policies to address public health issues. Diseases reached port cities through maritime exchanges, and the bubonic plague is a key example. Port city residents’ close contact with water further increased the chance for diseases such as cholera. Analyzing three European port cities, this article first explores the relevance of water quality for public health through the lens of the Dutch city of Rotterdam. It then examines plans and projects for London that were shaped by social Darwinism and stressed the moral failings of slum dwellers as a major cause for their misery. It finally explores the case of Hamburg as the perfect example of a city that cultivated ideals of purity and cleanliness by addressing all issues at stake in public health. This article on urban hygiene in three port cities shows how remarkably rich this field of study is; it also demonstrates that the multifaceted aspects of public health in port cities require further attention.

scholarly journals Eco-Environmental Aspects of COVID-19 Pandemic and Potential Control Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3488
Author(s):  
Rashid Nazir ◽  
Jawad Ali ◽  
Ijaz Rasul ◽  
Emilie Widemann ◽  
Sarfraz Shafiq
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Health Infrastructure ◽  
The People ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Hospital Wastes ◽  
Future Outbreak

A new coronavirus-strain from a zoonotic reservoir (probably bat)—termed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)—has recently claimed more than two million deaths worldwide. Consequently, a burst of scientific reports on epidemiology, symptoms, and diagnosis came out. However, a comprehensive understanding of eco-environmental aspects that may contribute to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread is still missing, and we therefore aim to focus here on these aspects. In addition to human–human direct SARS-CoV-2 transmission, eco-environmental sources, such as air aerosols, different public use objects, hospital wastes, livestock/pet animals, municipal wastes, ventilation facilities, soil and groundwater potentially contribute to SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Further, high temperature and humidity were found to limit the spread of COVID-19. Although the COVID-19 pandemic led to decrease air and noise pollution during the period of lockdown, increased use of masks and gloves is threatening the environment by water and soil pollutions. COVID-19 badly impacted all the socio-economic groups in different capacities, where women, slum dwellers, and the people lacking social protections are the most vulnerable. Finally, sustainable strategies, waste management, biodiversity reclaim, eco-friendly lifestyle, improved health infrastructure and public awareness, were proposed to minimize the COVID-19 impact on our society and environment. These strategies will seemingly be equally effective against any future outbreak.

The Politics of Urban Renewal

1971 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-280
Author(s):  
P. J. Madgwick
Keyword(s):  
Title I ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Urban Renewal ◽  
Residential Development ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
High Income ◽  
American Family ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Slum Dwellers

The Housing Act of 1949 established in Title I the goal of ‘a decent home and a suitable living environment for every American family’. To achieve this goal the Federal Government was to support, by grants and by its legal powers to acquire land, a massive programme of public housing: ‘…it was the first and, until the Act of 1968, the only public housing measure that authorized action that bore some reasonable relation to need’. Nevertheless, the targets set by the 1949 Act for 1954 have still not been reached. Subsequent legislation shifted the emphasis of the programme from public housing to broader schemes of urban renewal, including non-residential development and middle- and high-income housing. The most serious aspect of this neglect of the needs of the poor has been the inadequate management of relocation for those displaced by renewal. For many slum-dwellers in the 1950s ‘urban renewal’ came to mean ‘Negro removal’.

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