scholarly journals Soil Conservation on Oil Palm Plantations Of Mature in Pt. Citra Putra Kebun Asri Jorong Tanah Laut

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Herry Iswahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Drainage Channel ◽  
Mechanical Method ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Palm Fronds ◽  
Made In

Observations of soil conservation are carried out using qualitative method with descriptive, wwhere field activities include observations of vegetatif method, mechanic method and chemical method. Oil Palm plantation of PT. Citra Putra Kebun Asri uses 2 soil conservation methods, that is vegetative and mechanical methods. Vegetative method is carried out by utilizing litter (mulching), namely by arranging the oil palm fronds of prunning result in dead gawns with the aim of supressing growth of weeds and prevent erosion. Mechanical method is done by applying trenches and rorak. Trenches just made in low areas with the aim of being a drainage channel for block are not inundated and making rorak as a shelter for crop residues in the dry season to keep it moist.

scholarly journals Weed interference capacity on soybean yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Carlos Rüdell ◽  
Iuri Dalla Santa Petrolli ◽  
Fernando Machado dos Santos ◽  
Dieferson Frandaloso ◽  
Diécson Ruy Orsolin da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Mechanical Method ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Mechanical Methods

Among biological factors, weeds are the most important limiting factor for crop yields, as well as increasing production costs. The aim was to determine the influence of control and coexistence of weed community on soybean crop yield and to define the period before interference, the critical period of interference prevention and the total period of interference prevention, with the comparative use of chemical and mechanical methods for weed eradication. The study was conducted in an experimental field in the 2018/2019 harvest. A randomized block with four replications was implemented as experimental design, using two methods for control. The evaluated periods were 0-10, 0-20, 0-30, 0-40, 0-50, 0-60 and 130 days after crop emergence. It was possible to observe that the use of the chemical method generated a higher yield compared to mechanical method. The period before the interference in both chemical and mechanical management was similar, approaching 20 days after crop emergence. The critical period of interference prevention was between 20-50 and 40.5 days after crop emergence in chemical and mechanical methods, respectively. The total period of interference prevention was extended to 50 and 40.5 days after crop emergence in chemical and mechanical methods, respectively. The reduction in productivity due to weed interference was 1639 kg ha-1 (55%)and 947 kg ha-1 (34.6%) in chemical and mechanical methods, respectively.

scholarly journals Preparation of Khoa by Traditional and Mechanical Methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
B. Brahmini ◽  
E. Mounika ◽  
Rachit Saxena ◽  
Ch. Someswara Rao ◽  
B. Manjula
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Mechanical Method ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Burn Out ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Milk Solids ◽  
Healthy Immune System ◽  
Made In

Khoa is a rich source of calcium which helps in strengthening of bones and teeth. It is helpful in osteoporosis and abundance of riboflavin in khoa helps to maintain healthy immune system. . The traditional method of khoa making has a number of drawbacks: It has a limited capacity due to batch operation which results in non-uniform product quality and thus not suitable for large volume production, inefficient use of energy and low heat transfer coefficient results in bulky equipment, large spillage losses, it requires more manual labor and sometimes burning of the product occurs which lowers its quality. In the present study a comparison between preparation of khoa by traditional method as well as mechanical method using steam jacketed khoa pan was carried out. Khoa was prepared by traditional method by stirring the raw milk continuously in a pan over a flame until the raw milk was converted into semi solid stage. The drawbacks such as vary in temperature during the experiment because of non-uniform distribution of flame and burn out of milk solids were identified in this method. This leads to burnt flavour and discolouration of khoa. To overcome these drawbacks of traditional method, khoa was made in a steam jacketed khoa pan installed at Dairy and Food Processing Pilot Plant, College of Agricultural Engineeering, Madakasira at a uniform pressure of about 1.5 kg/cm2. In this mechanical method, the khoa was prepared in less time as well as it has good appearance, flavour, texture etc. compared to khoa prepared by traditional method. In traditional method, about 0.242 kg of of khoa was obtained from 0.94 kg of raw milk with addition of 0.0925 kg of sugar while 11.50 kg of khoa was obtained from 40 litres of raw milk with addition of about 4 kg of sugar when khoa was made in steam jacketed khoa pan. In this mechanical method, the khoa was prepared in less time as well as it has good appearance, flavour, texture etc. compared to khoa prepared by traditional method.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Speciation by 31P NMR Spectroscopy in Leaf Litters and Crop Residues from Para Rubber, Cocoa, Oil Palm, and Banana Plantations in the Humid Forest Zone of Cameroon

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Tatanah Nanganoa ◽  
Jetro Nkengafac Njukeng
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
31P Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Male Inflorescence ◽  
Cocoa Pod Husk ◽  
Banana Plantations ◽  
Palm Fronds

The release of nutrients, including phosphorus from agricultural residues, is an important potential source of nutrients for subsequent crops. To fully understand the contribution of this residue P as a source of plant P for agricultural production, its chemical nature needs to be understood. In this study P species were identified and quantified in leaf litters and crops residues from cocoa farms, oil palm, rubber, and banana plantations by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Phosphorus in the crop residues was predominantly in the form of inorganic P mainly as orthophosphate and ranged from 45.9 to 89.2%. The highest relative percentage of P as orthophosphate was found in cocoa pod husk (89.2%) and the lowest percentage was found in decaying banana pseudostem (45.9%). Pyrophosphate was detected in trace amounts in all samples (less than 6%) except in fresh palm fronds. However, orthophosphate diester was detected only in fresh palm fronds (11.4%) and phytate was detected only in palm male inflorescence (6.7%). The result implied that cocoa pod husk, palm empty fruit bunch, and palm male inflorescence could be used as organic amendment, based on their high P content and release potential.

A Utilization of Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent Integrated with Alkaline Earth Metal Hexahydrate in the Pretreatment of Oil Palm Fronds

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 2011-2026
Author(s):  
Eng Kein New ◽  
Ta Yeong Wu ◽  
Khai Shing Voon ◽  
Alessandra Procentese ◽  
Katrina Pui Yee Shak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metal ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Palm Fronds

scholarly journals Respons Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Organik Asal Pelepah Kelapa Sawit dan Pupuk Majemuk NPK

Agrikultura ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Ariyanti ◽  
Gita Natali ◽  
Cucu Suherman
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis Jacq ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Palm Fronds

ABSTRACTThe growth response of oil palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) seedling toward the application of organic fertilizer from palm fronds and NPK compound fertilizerThe research was aimed to study the influence between organic fertilizers from palm fronds and NPK compound fertilizer to reduce NPK compound fertilizer in main nursery. The experiment was conducted from January to April 2017 at the Experiment Station Ciparanje, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The experimental design used was Randomized Block Design that arranged in factorial patterns with two factors and three replications. The fisrt factor was dosage of organic fertilizers from palm fronds consisted of three levels of 0 g/polybag, 800 g/polybag, and 1600 g/polybag and the second factor was dosage of NPK compound fertilizer consisted of four levels of 0 g/polybag, 20 g/polybag, 40 g/polybag, and 60 g/polybag. The result of the experiment showed that there was interaction effect between organic fertilizers from palm fronds and NPK compound fertilizer on height of seedling and dry weight of the shoot. The dosage of 1600 g/polybag organic fertilizers from palm fronds with the dosage of 20 g/polybag NPK compound fertilizer showed the best result in dry weight of the shoot.Keywords: Oil palm seedling, Main nursery, Organic fertilizer, Palm frond, NPK compound fertilizerABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi antara pupuk organik asal pelepah kelapa sawit dengan pupuk majemuk NPK yang baik untuk mengurangi penggunaan pupuk majemuk NPK di pembibitan utama kelapa sawit. Percobaan dilaksanakan dari bulan Januari sampai dengan April 2017 di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje, Fakultas , Universitas Padjadjaran. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan pola faktorial yang diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Faktor pertama meliputi dosis pupuk organik asal pelepah kelapa sawit terdiri dari tiga taraf yaitu 0 g/polybag, 800 g/polybag, dan 1600 g/polybag dan faktor kedua dosis pupuk majemuk NPK yang terdiri empat taraf yaitu 0 g/polybag, 20 g/polybag, 40 g/polybag, dan 60 g/polybag. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh interaksi pupuk organik asal pelepah kelapa sawit dengan pupuk majemuk NPK terhadap tinggi tanaman dan bobot kering tajuk. Perlakuan pupuk organik asal pelepah kelapa sawit 1600 g/bibit dengan pupuk majemuk NPK 20 g/bibit menghasilkan bobot kering tajuk bibit kelapa sawit terbaik.Kata Kunci: Bibit kelapa sawit, Pembibitan utama, Pupuk organik, Pelepah kelapa sawit, NPK

scholarly journals Effects of degree of oil palm frond mulching using tractor mounted mulcher blades

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bala Gambo Jahun ◽  
Desa Bin Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Razif Mahadi ◽  
Shamsuddin Sulaiman ◽  
Shehu Adamu Iya
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Forward Speed ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
Major Predictor ◽  
Palm Fronds ◽  
Factor Interaction ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Palm Frond

This study investigates the influence of blade lifting angles, tractor forward speed, and tractor power take off (PTO) speed on the degree of mulching. Four blades with different lifting angles, two tractor PTO speeds, and three tractor forward speeds were assessed using the parametric test at the Universiti Putra Malaysia oil palm plantation. The result shows that the best-fit regression equation was a quadratic regression with a high coefficient of determination. It indicates that any change in this three-factor interaction has a significant effect using Tukey’s Studentized mean comparison and can predict the degree of mulching. Seventy-four percent of the degree of mulching variance is explained by blade lifting angles, tractor forward speed, and tractor PTO speed. Since the blade lifting angle was a major predictor of the degree of mulching, this result implies that any change in the blade lifting angle can provide a significant prediction of the degree of mulching in an oil palm plantation. Additionally, the predicted model can further be used to predict the degree of mulching during field operations, replanting, and access for mulching of oil palm fronds. A detailed field evaluation of the performance of a tractor-mounted mulcher with different blade lifting angles in other parts of Malaysia is highly recommended to cater for the differences in soil moisture content and bulk density.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF CODE SWITCHING USED BY ENGLISH TEACHER BASED ON GENDER INEQUALITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Chotibul Umam ◽  
Dita Sukawati ◽  
Fadilla Oktaviana
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
The Other ◽  
English Teacher ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Made In

In this research, the writer was aimed to find out the types of code switching that used by English teacher based on gender inequality and the reasons of using code switching that used by English teacher based on gender inequality. The writer was conducted case study in qualitative method. In collecting the data, the writer used observation by using video recording and interview. The result of the research shows that the writer found three types from each teacher based on gender inequality by observation. The types are inter-sentential, intra-sentential and tag switching. In the other hand, each types that used by English teacher based on gender inequality was made in number percentages, for female English teacher are inter sentential code switching 54%, intra sentential code switching 38% and tag switching 8%. Moreover, for male English teacher are inter sentential code switching 42%, intra sentential code switching 41% and tag switching 18%. In the other words, interview was used to find out the reasons that used by English teacher based on gender inequality. The reasons are talking about particular topic, repetition, Interjection and Raising status.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Pelepah Sawit dan Kotoran Ayam Ras untuk Pembuatan Pupuk Bokashi pada Kelompok Wanita Tani Padang Baru Babatan, Seluma, Bengkulu

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Nurlianti Nurlianti ◽  
Prihanani Prihanani
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Lecture Demonstration ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Chicken Waste ◽  
Palm Fronds

The Utilization of Oil Palm Midrib-leaf and Chicken Manure for Making Bokashi Fertilizer in the Women's Farmers Group Padang Baru Babatan, Seluma, Bengkulu The purpose of the community service program is to utilize agricultural waste, namely oil palm midrib-leaf and chicken manure which are often found in this Babatan Village, Sukaraja Subdistrict, Seluma Regency, Bengkulu. In addition, this program was aimed to increase knowledge and skill to produce bokashi fertilizer with raw materials found around them. The methods used were lecture, demonstration plots, and mentoring. The results of the activity were the increasing of family income by making bokashi utilizing waste raw materials around their lives, namely bokashi made from palm fronds and broiler chicken waste that is ready to be sold. In limited quantities, they have been able to sell their products to meet the needs of other farmer groups or the general public in need.

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