scholarly journals Combined organic amendment effects on eggplant yield, soil fertility characteristics and humic acid quality

1969 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-122
Author(s):  
Ian C. Pagán-Roig ◽  
Joaquín A. Chong ◽  
José A. Dumas ◽  
Consuelo Estévez de Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Amended Soils

Soil fertility and organic matter have been hindered due to unsustainable agricultural practices. There is a need to develop and better understand the effect of combined organic amendments that have the potential to increase soil fertility and agricultural system sustainability. Compost incorporations, the use of coordinated fallows and other biological amendments are alternatives to better the soil and increase crop yield. Information is scarce about the effect of combined organic amendments over soil chemical properties and their impact on vegetable production. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of a combination of organic amendments we termed soil treatment management cycles (STMC) on soil chemical properties and eggplant yield in a San Antón soil. The STMC amendments consisted of incorporating organic matter from coffee pulp compost, planting and incorporation of a mixture of four green manure species, adding a mycorrhizae culture to the soil as well as compost tea. The different STMC were: control, no STMC (CL0); one STMC (CL1); two consecutive STMC (CL2); and three consecutive STMC (CL3). Results showed that CL1 was enough to significantly increase organic matter, P, K and S content in the soil compared with the non-amended soil. The concentration of Ca was significantly increased by three (CL3), and that of Mg by three (CL3) and two (CL2) STMC, compared to the other treatments. All treatments significantly changed soil pH, buffering it toward neutrality with increasing cycles when compared with pH 7.9 of no STMC control soils. Treatments CL1, CL2 and CL3 increased humic acid content 2.8, 3.8 and 5.9 times, respectively, when compared with CL0. Humic acids, extracted from unamended soils exhibited more condensation and more aromaticity when compared with those of amended soils. Nevertheless, the humic acids of amended soils showed high levels of polymerization. The enhancement in soil properties promoted by STMC resulted in an increase in eggplant fruit yield and biomass production.

scholarly journals PENGARUH APLIKASI KOMPOS KOTORAN SAPI DAN PAITAN TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA TANAH DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KEDELAI

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
Putri Alfira Zuraida ◽  
Yulia Nuraini
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Fertile agricultural land encourages people to carry out agricultural cultivation activities. But in general, it has decreased soil fertility because its managed intensively without recycling of organic matter and has an impact on decreasing soil fertility chemically such as soil organic carbon and pH then leads to low productivity. Soybean is an agricultural product that necessary to develop because the demand for soybean consumption in East Java Province has always increased. However, Indonesia has not been able to fulfil this demand. One of the technology innovations that can be applied to improve soil fertility that has low organic matter and to increasing soybean production by providing input of quality organic fertilizer in the form of compost (Tithonia and Cow Dung). So this research is important to determine the effect of application cow dung compost and tithonia on soil chemical properties, the growth of soybean crops, and the correlations between soil chemical properties and soybean growth. This study used a randomized block design with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The result showed that the application of tithonia and cow dung compost shows a significant effect on soil chemical properties, plant height, and the number of leaves, but didn’t show a significant effect on the number of branches in every observation. Based on the correlation analysis, the results show a positive correlation between soil chemical properties and soybean growth.

scholarly journals Characterization of soil chemical properties of strawberry fields using principal component analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gláucia Oliveira Islabão ◽  
Marília Alves Brito Pinto ◽  
Lisiane Priscila Roldão Selau ◽  
Ledemar Carlos Vahl ◽  
Luís Carlos Timm
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Very High

One of the largest strawberry-producing municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) is Turuçu, in the South of the State. The strawberry production system adopted by farmers is similar to that used in other regions in Brazil and in the world. The main difference is related to the soil management, which can change the soil chemical properties during the strawberry cycle. This study had the objective of assessing the spatial and temporal distribution of soil fertility parameters using principal component analysis (PCA). Soil sampling was based on topography, dividing the field in three thirds: upper, middle and lower. From each of these thirds, five soil samples were randomly collected in the 0-0.20 m layer, to form a composite sample for each third. Four samples were taken during the strawberry cycle and the following properties were determined: soil organic matter (OM), soil total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), exchangeable calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg), soil pH (pH), cation exchange capacity (CEC) at pH 7.0, soil base (V%) and soil aluminum saturation(m%). No spatial variation was observed for any of the studied soil fertility parameters in the strawberry fields and temporal variation was only detected for available K. Phosphorus and K contents were always high or very high from the beginning of the strawberry cycle, while pH values ranged from very low to very high. Principal component analysis allowed the clustering of all strawberry fields based on variables related to soil acidity and organic matter content.

scholarly journals Availibility of P, K in paddy Land Under Organic application

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-440
Author(s):  
Fitra Syawal Harahap ◽  
Abdul Rauf ◽  
Benny Hidayat ◽  
Hilwa Walida ◽  
Jamidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Review Management ◽  
Soil Fertility Status

Organic materials in situ remaining paddy crops in paddy fields are much abandoned by farmers. Most of the remaining harvested are burned, stacked in the cultivated, or used for animal feed or as a fungus. Straw compost is source of Potassium (K) and Silica (Si). About 80% of K absorbed by plants is in the straw. The return of straw to the soil may slow the impoverishment of Potassium (K) in the soil. This study aims to find out how the availability of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) nutrients by giving organic matter as soil fertility status in paddy fields in Beringin Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency and to review management alternatives that are in accordance with the soil fertility status in the Central Land Rice fields in Beringin Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency. This research was carried out in the Central Rice Field in Beringin Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency ± 11 meters above sea level. The taking of soil samples was taken in the upper layer at the top soil depth of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and the coordinates were recorded using GPS (Global Positioning System). While information on land management is obtained by direct observation in the field and in-depth interviews with farmers in snow ball which aims to obtain complete information from farmers. Soil samples that have been taken in the field are then analyzed in the laboratory. Soil chemical properties analyzed in laboratory soil chemical properties analyzed at P2O5 Bray II (ppm) laboratory K2O Hcl 25% (mg / 100g). To determine the chemical properties of soil with certain criteria that have been determined. Based on Technical Guidelines for Evaluation of Soil Fertility The direction of management of soil fertility needs to be added to organic matter and phosphorus fertilization regularly so that soil fertility can be sustainable. Further research is needed in order to find out the addition of phosphorus fertilizer and organic matter in each unit of land.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Sumber dan Dosis Bahan Organik terhadap Perubahan sifat Kimia Tanah, Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.Moench) var. KD4 di Lahan Kering Jatikerto, Malang

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Edy Suminarti ◽  
A.Y. Edy Guntoro ◽  
A. N. Fajrin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Suminarti et al, 2018. Effect of Source and Dosage of Organic Materials on Changes in Soil Chemical Properties, Growth and Yield of Sorghum Plants (Sorghum bicolor L.Moench) var. KD4 in Dry Land Jatikerto, Malang. JLSO 7(2): Agricultural extensification is the right step to anticipate conditions of food insecurity. This refers to two reasons, namely (1) proliferation of land conversion activities, and (2) sorghum is a carbohydrate-producing plant that is quite tolerant when planted on dry land. The objective of this study was to obtain information about the sources and doses of organic matter that are appropriate to changes in soil chemical properties, growth and yield of sorghum plants, and has been carried out in the dry land of Jatikerto, Malang. A split plot designs with three replications were used in this study, sources of organic material (blothong, UB compost and cow dung) as the main plot, and doses of organic matter (125%, 100% and 75%) as a subplot. Soil analysis was carried out 3 times, i.e. before planting, after application of organic matter and at harvest. The agronomic observations were carried out destructively at 80 days after planting (DAP) including the components of growth (root dry weight, leaf area, and total dry weight of the plant) and harvest at the age of 90 DAP.F test at 5% level was used to test the effect of treatment, while the difference between treatments was based on LSD level of 5%.The results showed that there was a significant interaction between the source and dosage of organic matter on the leaf area and total dry weight, the highest yield was obtained in blothong at various doses. Higher yields of seeds per hectare were also found in blotong: 1.76 tons ha-1, and 1.73 tons ha-1 on 125% doses of organic matter. Blotong application is able to provide elements of N, P and K soil respectively 18.3%, 85.68% and 8.42% for plant.

Solubilité de l'or dans les eaux interstitielles de la latérite coiffant le gîte aurifère de Misséni, au Mali

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1553-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Séa ◽  
Marc G. Tanguay ◽  
Pierre Trudel ◽  
Mario Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
High Solubility ◽  
Gold Solubility ◽  
Mn Oxides ◽  
Very High ◽  
Interstitial Waters

Twenty samples of interstitial waters and pressed saprolite were collected within undisturbed saprolite blocks to determine the actual gold transporting mode in the auriferous laterites of Misséni, Mali. The results of the analyses indicate a very high solubility of gold in the interstitial waters of the Misséni laterites (from <2 to 16.7 ppb Au; Eh, 0.356–0.419 V; pH, 6.7–7.7). The calculated theoretical concentrations of auric chloride ion, [Formula: see text], (0.3 × 10−14 – 32.7 × 10−4 ppm) and thiosulphate ion, [Formula: see text], (2.5 × 10−212 – 6.7 × 10−180 ppm), which are generally inferred to be the ions transporting the gold in a supergene environment, are insignificant in the interstitial waters of the Misséni saprolite. Given the absence of significant concentrations of chloride or thiosulphate ions as measured in the interstitial waters of Misséni (Cl−, 1.5 × 10−4 – 1.2 × 10−2 mol L−1; [Formula: see text], 1.1 × 10−111 – 4.2 × 10−95 mol L−1), the gold monohydroxide, AuOH(H2O)0, could be responsible for the gold mobilization in the studied saprolite. However, its transport could be limited by the conspicuous (Fe, Mn) oxides in the Misséni saprolite, which can act as adsorbents. The calculated concentrtion of humic acid (0.004–0.03%), which can solubilize the gold contained in the analyzed interstitial waters, is 2 to 4 times lower than that of the measured organic matter in the samples of pressed saprolite (from <0.016 to 0.07% in organic carbon). These latter results could indicate that a part of the gold solubility in the Misséni superficial saprolite is linked to the humic acids. [Journal Translation]

Soil organic carbon, permanganate fractions, and the chemical properties of acidic soils

Soil Research ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Moody ◽  
S. A. Yo ◽  
R. L. Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Single Addition ◽  
Ph Buffer ◽  
Charge Curve

Total organic carbon (TC) in 32 acidic surface (0–10 cm) soils was divided into 3 fractions (C1, C2, and C3) based on oxidisability by different strengths of KMnO4 (33 mM and 167 mM). With the methodology used, ease of oxidation decreased in the order C1>C2>C3. Several fundamental soil chemical properties were also determined, i.e. ECEC, CEC at pH 6·5 (CEC6·5), slope of the charge curve (ΔCEC), pH buffer capacity, (pHBC), P sorption capacity using a single addition index (PSI150), and content of organically complexed Al. All soils had pH (1:5 water) <6·5, and comprised a wide range of soil types and clay contents. Multiple step-up regression indicated that C fractions were significantly (P < 0·05) correlated with ECEC, ΔCEC, CEC6·5, and pHBC. These results reinforce the critical importance of soil organic matter to the fundamental soil chemical properties of predominantly variable charge soils. The intercorrelations between the various oxidisable C fractions made it difficult to elucidate if degree of oxidisability had any bearing on the reactivity of the organic matter. ECEC was primarily correlated with C1, whereas all C fractions had highly significant (P < 0·01) effects on ΔCEC and pHBC. The fraction which was most difficult to oxidise, C3, made a significant (P < 0·01) contribution to CEC6·5 when combined with clay and ECEC in a multiple regression equation. Generally, one or other of the C fractions was better correlated with the fundamental soil chemical properties than TC. This simple empirical fractionation of soil organic C may therefore be a useful tool for assessing the effects of soil management on these properties.

Fe(II)-catalyzed transformation of Fe (hydr)oxides in particle-size soil organic matter fractions from amended agricultural soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Giannetta ◽  
Ramona Balint ◽  
Daniel Said-Pullicino ◽  
César Plaza ◽  
Maria Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Mineral Transformations

&lt;p&gt;Redox-driven changes in Fe crystallinity and speciation may affect soil organic matter (SOM) stabilization and carbon (C) turnover, with consequent influence on global terrestrial soil organic carbon (SOC) cycling.&lt;span&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/span&gt;Under reducing conditions, increasing concentrations of Fe(II) released in solution from the reductive dissolution of Fe (hydr)oxides may accelerate ferrihydrite transformation, although our understanding of the influence of SOM on these transformations is still lacking.&lt;span&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here, we evaluated abiotic Fe(II)-catalyzed mineralogical changes in Fe (hydr)oxides in bulk soils and size-fractionated SOM pools (for comparison, fine silt plus clay, FSi+Cl, and fine sand, FSa) of an agricultural soil, unamended or amended with biochar, municipal solid waste compost, and a combination of both.&lt;span&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;FSa fractions showed the most significant Fe(II)-catalyzed ferrihydrite transformations with the consequent production of well-ordered Fe oxides irrespective of soil amendment, with the only exception being the compost-amended soils. In contrast, poorly crystalline ferrihydrite still constituted &lt;em&gt;ca. &lt;/em&gt;45% of the FSi+Cl fractions of amended soils, confirming the that the higher SOM content in this fraction inhibits atom exchange between aqueous Fe(II) and the solid phase. Building on our knowledge of Fe(II)-catalyzed mineralogical changes in simple systems, our results evidenced that the mechanisms of abiotic Fe mineral transformations in bulk soils depend on Fe mineralogy, organic C content and quality, and organo-mineral associations that exist across particle-size SOM pools. Our results underline that in the fine fractions the increase in SOM due to organic amendments can contribute to limiting abiotic Fe(II)-catalyzed ferrihydrite transformation, while coarser particle-size fractions represent an understudied pool of SOM subjected to Fe mineral transformations.&lt;span&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Genesis of podzols on coastal dunes in southern Queensland .III. The role of aluminum organic complexes in profile development

Soil Research ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 645 ◽  
Author(s):  
JO Skjemstad
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Aluminium Content ◽  
Carboxyl Content

Organic matter was extracted sequentially with 0.1 M HC1, 0.5 M HCl and 0.5 M NaOH from three soil samples consisting of the dark brown organic nodules and matrix material from the Bhs2 horizon and the untreated Bhs3 horizon material of a freely drained podzol from Cooloola. The NaOH extract was further divided into fulvic and humic acid. After extracts were separated on G-50 Sephadex gel, titration data demonstrated that carboxyl groups in the collected fractions ranged from 8.8% to 61.3% of the total carbon although some overestimate of the carboxyl content may result from the chromic acid method used. Fractions excluded by the gel made up >95% of each extract and the first fraction collected in each case was the lowest in carboxyl content. These fractions from the 0-1 M HC1 extracts were generally low in carboxyl content (8.8%-24.9%) as were those from the humic acids (10.7-11.2%) although the major remaining humic acid fractions were extremely high (58.6-61.3510). The 0.5 M HCl and fulvic acid extracts appeared similar in chemical properties with carboxyl content of the separated fractions ranging from 16.4 to 44.0%. Molar absorptivities were in the order 0.1 M HCl < 0.5 M HC1< fulvic acid < humic acid. The pKa values of the acids were found to increase in the order humic acid < fulvic acid = 0.5 M HCl < 0.1 M HCl as well as in the order Bhs2 (dark brown nodules) < Bhs2 (yellow brown bulk) < Bhs3 for each fraction. Ease of flocculation of the extracts by aluminium counter ions decreased in the order humic acid > fulvic acid > 0.5 M HCl > 0.1 M HCl. It was demonstrated that other organic extracts low in aluminium content could be used to remobilize flocculated humic acid through redistribution of the aluminium bound to the precipitated phase into the solution phase. From these and other data, a hypothesis explaining the specific manner in which organic matter is arrested during podzolization is proposed. Some major factors appear to be (a) the pH of the horizon, (6) pKa and aromaticity of the organic acids and (c) availability of aluminium to the organic fractions. Remobilization of precipitated organic matter requires the presence of organic acids of low aluminium content in the percolating soil solution. This hypothesis adequately describes the process by which distinct Bh, Bhs and Bs horizons are formed and evolve during profile genesis.

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