scholarly journals Effects of magnesite fertilization on soil properties and nutrition state of weakened Norway Spruce stands in the Śnieżnik Massif of Polish Eastern Sudety Mountains

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Januszek ◽  
Tomasz Wanic ◽  
Stanisław Małek ◽  
Ewa Błońska ◽  
Paweł Jach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Mineral Horizon ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Exchangeable Magnesium ◽  
Total Magnesium

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of fertilization with magnesite, 6 years after its application. The magnesite fertilizer was applied in amount of 2,000 kg·ha-1 in 2006. Fertilization covers the surface of 43 ha. Soil exploration in fertilized and unfertilized areas was carried out in August 2012. Needles and soil samples were collected for basic laboratory analysis. The effect of magnesite fertilization in soil was detected down to the B horizon. The principal excess of exchangeable magnesium (88%) was found in the surface organic horizon, while a substantial excess of total magnesium (57%) was detected in the top mineral horizon. The fertilization with magnesite caused the decreasing: acidity, ratio of calcium to magnesium in the absorption complex, supply of calcium in soil. Additionally, an increased magnesium supply in soil and its effect in the needles of the investigated spruce stands were noted. Research study confirm the usefulness of ground magnesite in elimination the deficit of magnesium in soils and needles of spruce stands in the Śnieżnik Massif for an extended period of time. Fertilization with magnesite at low doses may bring beneficial and quick effects to the health condition and productivity of spruce stands growing on soils well supplied with nitrogen. Keywords: spruce stands decline; soil properties; fertilization with magnesite, spruce nutrition status.

scholarly journals Soil properties and nutrition status of weakened Norway Spruce stands in the Śnieżnik Massif of the Polish Eastern Sudety Mountains

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Januszek ◽  
Stanisław Małek ◽  
Ewa Błońska
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Sudety Mountains

EFFECTS OF LIME ON EXTRACTABLE ALUMINUM AND OTHER SOIL PROPERTIES AND ON BARLEY AND ALFALFA GROWN IN POT TESTS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. MacLEAN ◽  
R. L. HALSTEAD ◽  
B. J. FINN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Incubation Experiment ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
P Content ◽  
Mn Content

Liming of six acid soil samples in an incubation experiment with rates to raise the soil pH to 6.0 or above eliminated Al soluble in 0.01 M CaCl2, reduced soluble Mn and Zn, increased NO3-N markedly, and at the highest pH increased the amounts of NaHCO3-soluble P in some of the soils. In corresponding pot experiments, liming increased the yield of alfalfa and in three of the soils the yield of barley also. Liming reduced the concentrations of the metals in the plants and at the highest pH tended to increase the P content of the plants. Liming to a pH of about 5.3 eliminated or greatly reduced soluble Al and the soils were base saturated as measured by the replacement of Al, Ca, and Mg by a neutral salt. There was some evidence that liming to reduce soluble Al and possibly Mn was beneficial for plant growth. Gypsum increased the concentrations of Al, Mn, and Zn in 0.01 M CaCl2 extracts of the soils whereas phosphate reduced them. The changes in the Mn content of the plants following these treatments were in agreement with the amounts of Mn in the CaCl2 extracts.

Wood Ash Improved Soil Properties and Crop Yield for Nine Years and Saved Fertilizer

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabal S. Gill ◽  
Sukhdev S. Malhi ◽  
Newton Z. Lupwayi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Contribution Margin ◽  
Seed Yields

<p>Wood ash may be used to mitigate soil acidity and improve crop production. We compared effects of wood ash and recommended fertilizers on soil properties of a Gray Luivsol, crop yields and contribution margins in southeast Peace, Alberta, Canada. The CHK (no fertilizer, inoculation or wood ash), FRT (recommended fertilizers or inoculation), ASH (wood ash rate to supply amounts of phosphorus equivalent to the FRT treatment); and ASH+N (same as ASH + N fertilizer or inoculation) treatments were applied in 2006 and 2007. Their effects were studied from 2006 to 2014. Wood ash had all the essential plant nutrients, except nitrogen. Soil samples collected in 2007, 2008 and 2013 had or tended to have higher pH, P, K, Ca, Ca:Mg ratio, S, Cu, Zn and B levels for the ASH and ASH+N treatments than the CHK and FRT treatments. In the 2006 and 2007, the seed yields were ASH+N &gt; FRT &gt; ASH &gt; CHK. The seed yields in 2008, 2010, 2012, 2013 and 2014 were greater from both the wood ash treatments than other treatments. Extra contribution margin from the ASH+N over the FRT treatment was $751/ha, i.e. $97 Mg<sup>-1</sup> of applied wood ash. Overall, wood ash reduced fertilizer expenditure and improved seed yield, contribution margin and soil properties, with residual effects observed up to seven years and likely for few more years.</p>

scholarly journals Iron Oxide Contents in Relation to the Colour of Asnawa Soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Sherwan Kafoor
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Colour Intensity ◽  
Fe Oxide ◽  
Fe Oxides ◽  
New Formula

Asnawa soils contain high amounts of iron oxides. These minerals apply much influence on different soil properties, of which the most observable is colour. The objective of this study was to conclude if colour of soils measured by visual methods can be parameterized to quantify soil Fe oxides. The examined area was divided to three zones (zone A, zone B and zone C) according to their colour intensity. Forty soil samples were examined for their colour and iron oxide contents. Their colour were ranged between 5YR (H) 2.5 (V/C) to 5YR (H) 5/8 (V/C). The average values of free Fe oxide in the soils of the three zones were 52.1%, 36.8% and 15.9% respectively. A new formula was derived to measure colour intensity. A highly significant correlation was found between colour intensity and concentrations of Fe oxides in the examined soils.

Do Trophic Interactions Cause Population Cycles?

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan A. Berryman
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Multivariate Time Series ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Population Cycles ◽  
Web Architecture ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Exhaustive Study

My motivation in editing this book has been to present as compelling and credible a story as possible. Although I am personally convinced of the soundness of our argument, that food web architecture plays a key role in the cyclic dynamics of many animal populations, I am not sure that others will be so convinced. In this final chapter, therefore, I exercise my prerogative as editor to have the last word, a final attempt to convince the skeptics and to answer the critics.Perhaps the most compelling case comes from the Mikael Münster-Swendsen monumental study of a needleminer infesting Danish spruce forests (chapter 2). Mikael is the only person I know of who has, almost single-handedly, and with considerable precision, measured all the variables suspected of affecting the dynamics of a particular population over an extended period of time (19 years) and in several different localities (seven isolated spruce stands). Others have longer time series from more places, but none has been so complete in terms of the number of variables measured. This exhaustive study enabled him to build a model of the complete needleminer life system, and use this model to home in on the factors responsible for the cyclical dynamics. However, the story would not have been complete without multivariate time series analysis, which led to the discovery of parasitoids as the cause of the key feedback process, density-related reduction in fecundity. The lesson from Münster-Swendsen's work is clear: If we want to understand population dynamics, we need long time series for all the variables likely to affect the dynamics of the subject population(s). In other words, we need to consistently monitor ecological systems over long periods of time and in many different locations. If there is a weakness in his study, it is the absence of the final definitive experiment. Such an experiment would be relatively easy and cheap to do (relative to those described in other chapters), because isolated spruce stands are common in Denmark and parasitoids emerge from the soil a week or two after the needleminer. Thus, parasitoids could easily be excluded by spraying the ground with an insecticide after needleminer emergence.

scholarly journals Health condition of spruce stands in the Orlické hory Mts. in relation to climatic, anthropogenic and stand factors

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Žid ◽  
P. Čermák
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Climatic Anthropogenic ◽  
The Given ◽  
Slope Orientation ◽  
Synergetic Action

In stands with the majority of spruce and aged over 70 years, 35 sample plots were laid out (in total 700 trees) in the vicinity of Anenský vrch Hill at altitudes over 800 m above sea level. In the course of the growing season 2005, the following parameters were determined: total defoliation, defoliation of the primary structure, percentage of secondary shoots, presence and extent of yellowing and browning. In 10 selected trees, branches were taken from crowns for morphological analyses and annual length increments of branches and numbers of secondary shoots in the particular years were determined. Total defoliation and the occurrence of yellowing were related to slope orientation and position of the plot towards the ridge. The number of shoots produced in the given year correlated with the level of annual NO<sub>3</sub> deposition. The determined difference in the occurrence of yellowing between limed and unlimed plots cannot be interpreted unambiguously because limed and unlimed plots differ in exposure at the same time. The determined importance of slope orientation for the health condition of a stand shows that under the simultaneous air pollution load climatic factors are a factor deciding on the resulting effect of the synergetic action of stressors on forest stands.

scholarly journals Risk evaluation of the climatic change impact on secondary Norway spruce stands as exemplified by the Ktiny Training Forest Enterprise

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Čermák ◽  
L. Jankovský ◽  
P. Cudlín
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
The Future ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Climatic Change Impact ◽  
A Site

The paper proposes a method of assessing the potential risks of the future development of stands in relation to a climatic change. To assess risks of the future development of a stand simple point scales have been worked up based on primary properties of a site and a stand according to data of the forest management plan (FMP). In assessing the health condition, the risk of damage to stands by Armillaria sp. in the felling age was evaluated on the basis of a present attack by Armillaria sp. and also defoliation of the crown primary structure assessed during a simple field examination. The evaluation was carried out in the region of the Křtiny Training Forest Enterprise (TFE) Masarykův les, ranger district Proklest, in 2002. The study was conducted in <br />118 Norway spruce stands aged more than 20 years. The majority of evaluated stands ranked among the category of high and medium risk from the viewpoint of site and stand risks and among the category of high Armillaria sp. attack. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals Specification of the beechwood soil environment based on chosen soil properties, aiming at the Fageta paupera habitat

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
A. Kučera ◽  
K. Rejšek ◽  
P. Dundek ◽  
K. Marosz ◽  
P. Samec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACT: This paper deals with a specific type of homogeneous beechwood called Fageta paupera. The aim is to acquire information about the heterogeneity of soil environment. As a material we used 20 research plots of semi-natural European beech stands, where the sampling of soil profile and the observation of floristic conditions were realized. Laboratory assessment of soil samples was focused on physicochemical and chemical properties of soil: pH/CaCl<sub>2</sub>, K<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, CEC (T, S, V), C<sub>ox</sub>, N<sub>t</sub>, C/N, C-FA, C-HA, C-CHL, C-HA/FA. Data processing was done with the aim to discover a variability of soils, observing soil genetic horizons individually (H, A, B, C). Research plots were divided into biotopes with the cover of understory vegetation &lt; 15% and &gt; 15% (in accordance with the definition of Fageta paupera) and the variability of soil properties in each horizon for the two above-mentioned biotopes and furthermore for all plots together was investigated. Results show the highest variability of soil properties in the biotope of Fageta paupera, especially in its holorganic (H) and organomineral (A) horizons. Furthermore, regression analysis showed the strongest dependence of the variability of soil properties in the biotope of Fageta paupera.

ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION OF SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM THE AREA AROUND AL-MARQUB CEMENT PLANT

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dr. Salem M. ELNakeib ◽  
Dr. Fathi K. Elyaagubi ◽  
Dr. Mohamed A. Alrabib ◽  
Eng. Afaf Abouzed ◽  
Eng. Hanan Saleh Wanis
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Cement Dust ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Cement Factory ◽  
High Concentrations

Soil samples were collected from and around Almarqub cement factory, AL-Khums city, Libya. These samples were collected from four different sites M1 (inside the factory), M2 (150 m from the factory), M3 (350 m from the factory) and M4 (60 km away from the factory as the control samples. The study was conducted to determine the heavy metal concentration in the soil. Organic matter, pH and water content value were determined according to the method described by Chaturvedi and Sankar (2006). Metals were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results obtained for the examined physiochemical properties of soil in the area studied prove that cement dust from the Almarqub cement factory has had a significant impact on the soil. The affected soil properties are pH and total calcium content. These properties were found to be higher than those in similar soils from the same area unpolluted. The increase of soil pH in the same area may be a result of precipitation of cement dust over the years. Metal uptake from cement to soil and plants. Metals determined in contamination soil indicated high concentrations in M1 inside cement factory compared to soil samples as control. Results of the analysis have shown that there are signs of slight impact of soil properties arising from the cement dust on the soils, especially at location inside the factory. Recommendations were offered to monitor the dust falling on the soils through trapping and utilizing the dust emissions of cement.

Effects of calcined magnesite, magnesium hydroxide and ?geosan? on soil properties in declining spruce stands (NE Bavaria)

1990 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 445-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Schaaf ◽  
Wolfgang Zech
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Spruce Stands
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