Post harvest behavior of tomato as influenced by nitrogen and potassium levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
S. Paudel ◽  
P. Pantha
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ambient Condition ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Four Levels

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is highly perishable and has potential for processing industries in bumper producing seasons in Nepal. The study on judicious use of nitrogen and potassium levels was aimed to explore the quality attributes along with the shelf life of tomato fruits. Three levels of nitrogen comprising 0 kg/ha (N0), 100 kg/ha (N100), 200 kg/ha (N200) and four levels of potassium 0 K2O kg/ha (K0), 80 K2O kg/ha (K80), 160 K2O kg/ha (K160), 240 K2O kg /ha (K240) were used as treatments in randomized complete block design with three replications at Chitwan (Inner Terai) Nepal. Tomatoes at breaker stage were harvested from the field and 10 fruits from each treatment per replication were kept for physiological weight loss, color rating and shelf life in ambient condition (17.5±3 0C and 80.5±6.5 % RH). Fruit quality with respect to physicochemical properties like firmness, TSS, TA, pH and Vitamin C was assessed at the end of shelf life. Higher potassium levels hasten color development and increased TSS, firmness and vitamin C content. Physiological weight loss was greatly reduced and extended shelf life was achieved with 100 kg N/ha and 240 kg K2O/ha.

scholarly journals Improvement of Shelf Life and Sensory Quality of Pummelos by Fruit Waxing and Wrapping

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Titistyas Gusti Aji ◽  
Slamet Susanto ◽  
Dewi Sukma ◽  
Sintho Wahyuning Ardie
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The aims of this study were to evaluate the physical and chemical change of pummelo fruit during storage with waxing and wrapping, and to determine the effect of waxing and wrapping and their  its interaction in affecting shelf life of pummelo fruits. This research was arranged in a randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was waxing consisted of without waxing, 10% beeswax, 5% beeswax, and chitosan. The second factor was wrapping consisted of without wrapping and wrapping using either transparent yellow or white plastic wrap. Pummelo fruits experience weight loss, reduced total soluble solid (TSS), decrease in firmness and total acidity during 48 days of storage in room temperature. Waxing using beeswax or wrapping using plastic wraps significantly suppressed weight loss and maintained fruit firmness compared to those without waxing and wrapping. However, waxing and wrapping did not significantly affect the quality of pummelo fruits. Based on the fruit’s weight loss, firmness, and panelist preferences, 5% or 10% bees wax can be used as waxing. Both transparent yellow and white plastic wraps can be used to maintain fruit weight, firmness, and appearances during storage. 

scholarly journals Influence of ethephon on ripening and quality of winter tomato fruit harvested at different maturity stages

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
R Khatoon ◽  
MFB Hossain ◽  
MT Rahman ◽  
SN Alam
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
Green Stage

An experiment taking tomato fruits (cv. BARI Tomato-14) of three maturity stages (mature green stage, breaker stage and half ripen stage) and four ethephon levels [control (distilled water spray), 500, 750 and 1000 ppm] was carried out at the laboratory of plant physiology section of Horticulture research centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) during February 14, 2013 to February 27, 2012 to find out the suitable stage of fruit maturity for post harvest application of ethephon (ethrel) for tomato ripening. The source of ethrel was Spectrum (ethephon 39%) manufactured in the United States of America. Treatment with 500 - 1000 ppm ethephon hastened ripening of tomato by 4 days in mature green stage but by 2 and 4 days in breaker stage tomatoes when compared with control fruits. The highest value of rotting was shown by half ripen tomatoes. The 1000 ppm ethrel gave the maximum rotting irrespective of maturity stages. However, the maximum weight loss and shelf life were found in green mature tomatoes. The shelf life of tomato fruits of green mature and breaker stage tomatoes treated with 500 and 750 ppm was also high. The percentage of rotting and weight loss was increased with gradual advancement of time. The highest value of weight loss and shelf life was recorded in green mature tomatoes without ethephon and with 500 and 750 ppm ethephon treatment. The highest value of vitamin-C, TSS and titrable acidity were shown by half ripen and pH by green mature tomatoes at different days of storage. The ethephon concentration of 750 ppm the gave maximum vitamin-C at 6 and 9 days of storage but 1000 ppm gave the maximum TSS% followed by 750 ppm ethephon. The ethephon @ 750 ppm produced the maximum TSS at 9 day of storage in mature green tomatoes but in breaker and half ripen stage tomatoes 750 ppm ethephon gave TSS identical to 1000 ppm at different days of storage. The residue level of ethrel in tomato fruits treated with all ethephon concentrations at 3 and 5 days of storage was below 2 mg/kg which is safe for human health. Therefore, treated tomatoes should be consumed after 3 days of ethephon application.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(4): 567-580, December 2015

Effect of Bio and Organic Fertilizers on Pumpkin's (Cucurbita pepo L.) Leave Content of N, P, and K

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Ammar Hameed Madi ◽  
Jawad A. Kamal Al-Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Four Levels

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bacterial bio-fertilization A. chroococcum and P. putide and four levels of compost (0, 1, 2, 3) tons.h-1 on the leaves content of N.P.K elements. The experiment was carried out in one of the greenhouses of the College of Agriculture - University of Al-Qadisiyah during fall season 2018-2019. It designed in accordance with the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates in sandy loam soil. The means of treatments were compared with the least significant difference (LSD) at (5)% probability level. The results present that the treatments of A. chroococcum, P. putide and compost at (3) tons.kg-1 significantly increases the leaves content of K.P.K compared to all other treatments in the flowering stage (4.970, 0.5000, and 4.930) mg.kg-1, respectively. This treatment was followed by the effect of the treatment of A. chroococcum and compost at (3) tons.kg-1, which increases the values of all traits except the leaf content of (P). Bio-fertilizer with P. putide + A. chroococcum significantly increases the leaves' content of P.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perlakuan Waktu dan Suhu Penyimpanan Dingin terhadap Mutu Kubis Bunga (Brassica Oleracea Var. Botrytis L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Chyntia Wulandari Eka Saputri ◽  
I. A. Rina Pratiwi Pudja ◽  
Pande Ketut Diah Kencana
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Four Levels

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan waktu perlakuan optimal dan suhu penyimpanan dingin untuk mutu kubis bunga. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari dua faktor, faktor pertama adalah suhu yang digunakan dan faktor kedua adalah waktu selama show case. Faktor pertama terdiri dari dua level, yaitu (P1): show case temperature 8oC, dan (P2): show case temperature 15oC dan tambah kontrol (P0). Faktor kedua terdiri dari empat level, yaitu (A0): penyimpanan selama 0 jam, (A1): penyimpanan selama 12 jam, (A2): penyimpanan selama 16 jam, (A3): penyimpanan selama 20 jam dan diulang untuk 3 kali ulangan. Kubis bunga sebagai kontrol disimpan pada suhu kamar (28 ± 1 ?). Parameter kualitas yang diamati dalam penelitian ini termasuk penurunan berat badan, tingkat konsumsi O2, warna (warna berbeda), uji organoleptik termasuk umur simpan dan tingkat kerusakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan parameter penurunan susut bobot, laju konsumsi O2, warna, umur simpan, tingkat kerusakan pada suhu perlakuan suhu terbaik adalah suhu 8 ? dan waktu penyimpanan 20 jam (P1A3).Kata kunci: kembang kol, waktu penyimpanan, suhu penyimpanan dingin   The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal treatment time and cold storage temperature for the quality of cabbage flowers. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of two factors, the first factor is the temperature used and the second factor is the time during the showcase. The first factor consists of two levels, namely (P1): showcase temperature of 8oC, and (P2): showcase temperature of 15oC and added a control (P0). The second factor consists of four levels, namely (A0): storage for 0 hours, (A1): storage for 12 hours, (A2): storage for 16 hours, (A3): storage for 20 hours and repeated for 3 replications. Flower cabbage as control was stored at room temperature (28 ± 1 ?). The quality parameters observed in this study included weight loss, O2 consumption rate, color (color different), organoleptic tests including shelf life and damage level. The results showed the parameters of weight loss, O2 consumption rate, color, shelf life, damage rate at the best temperature of 8 ? and storage time of 20 hours (P1A3). Keywords: cauliflower, storage time, cold storage temperature

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF BELT SPEED, PRESSURE AND GRIT SIZE ON THE SANDING OF Pinus elliottii WOOD

CERNE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Cléber de Sampaio Alves ◽  
Luiz Fernando Frezzatti Santiago ◽  
Marcos Tadeu Tiburcio Gonçalves ◽  
Ivaldo De Domênico Valarelli ◽  
Francisco Mateus Faria de Almeida Varasquim
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Grit Size ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Belt Speed ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Temperature Levels

The present paper aims to evaluate the influence of the factors (belt speed, pressure and grit size) on the output parameters (temperature and surface roughness) for Pinus elliottii wood sanding, processed parallel to the fibers. Three levels of belt speed, three levels of pressure and four levels of grit size were employed, with six replicates for each process, totaling 216 observations. The experiment conducted under a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results were analyzed employing the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with 5% of significance level. Only grit sizes were significant to different temperature levels. The same outcome was observed for roughness, where only grits sizes were significant. No interaction between the pressure and belt speed factors were observed for all the results analyzed.

scholarly journals Effect of different packaging systems and chlorination on the quality and shelf life of green chili

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Md Miaruddin ◽  
Md. Golam Ferdous Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Hafizul Haque Khan ◽  
MA Matin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽  
Ambient Condition ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Packaging System ◽  
Quality And Shelf Life

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of packaging materials on the quality and shelf life of green chili (Capsicum annuum) using passive modification of modified atmosphere packaging system. The modified atmosphere was created by making perforation in the polypropylene packets. Green chili pre-treated with chlorine water and then packaging in 0.3% perforated polypropylene packet resulted substantial reduction of weight loss and rotting/shriveling. These treatment combinations also considerably retained vitamin C, ß-carotene, moisture content, etc. Under this condition the retention of quality and shelf life of green chili could be extended up to 10 days at ambient condition as compared to non-treated and without packaging. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14397 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 729-736, December 2012

scholarly journals Effect of Iron on Yield of Corn (Zea mays L.) in Drought Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
K. Rafsanjani ◽  
A. Madani ◽  
F. Vazin
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Abstract In hot and arid regions, drought stress is considered as one of the main reasons for yield reduction. To study the effect of drought stress, iron spray on the yield and yield components of corn, an experiment was carried out during the crop seasons of 2013 on research Farm in Faizabad of Iran, as a split plot within randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots with irrigation factor and four levels were considered: level A) 50 ml evaporation from pan evaporation; level B) 100 ml evaporation from pan evaporation; level C) 150 ml evaporation from pan evaporation and level D) 200 ml evaporation from pan evaporation. Sub plots were considered with iron spray in three levels, included level A) 80 g/ha, level B) 130 g/ha and level C) 180 g/ha. The drought stress reduced seed yield, the 1000-kernels weight (TKW), the number of seeds per ear, the number of seeds per row in ear, the number of rows per ear about 39%, 6%, 31%, 14% and 27% less than control treatment, respectively. Using iron, as compared with control treatment, causes the increase of 1000-kernels weight from 295 to 311 g and the increase of seed yield from 5188 to 7078. The results obtained from the present research showed that iron spray has fairly improved the effects caused by drought stress.

scholarly journals EFFECT ORGANIC NUTRIENT HUMIC AND COMPOUND CHEMICAL FERTILIZER IN LEAVES CONTENT FROM ELEMENTS AND TOTAL YIELD CUCUMBER

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
AL-AZZAWI & AL-IBADI
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Total Production ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Organic Nutrient ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Four Levels

This experiment was carried out at the Scientific Research Station of the College of Agriculture - University of Baghdad (Al-Jadiriyah), Spring and Autumn seasons 2015, using to Cucumber hybrid Gazeer, to study effect of adding organic material the vegetative growth of Cucumber. The experiment was conducted as factorial experiment (4x3) with in randomized complete Block design, with three replicates, First factor includes four levels of chemical fertilizer (0, 100%, 50% and 25%) of the recommended doses of fertilizers, The second factor was three levels of organic nutrient humic (0, 5kg ha-1 and 10kg ha-1). The results showed superiority of the treatment of  interaction C1H2 (NPK 100%+10 kg.ha-1 nutrient organic) in leaves content (2.63 and 2.70)%, Phosphorus (0.49 and 0.53)%, Potassium (3.69 and 3.50)%, Magnesium (0.81 and 0.77)%, Iron (192.84 and 187.71) mg kg-1 and Zinc (51.97 and 52.67) mg kg-1, also the same treatment was superiority in total production (42.51 and 30.50) tons for two seasons, spring and autumn respectively.

scholarly journals Effects of different soil amendments and age of transplant on the post-harvest quality and shelf life of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruits

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Addo ◽  
Kwadwo Gyasi Santo ◽  
Abdul Aziz Khalid ◽  
Emmanuel Ackah
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quality And Shelf Life

Abstract Background Two separate experiments were conducted in the minor season from September to November, 2019 and major season from March to May, 2020 to determining the type of soil amendment and transplanting age that can best improve the post-harvest quality and shelf life of sweet pepper fruits at Benso oil palm plantation of Adum Banso Estate in the Mpohor District of the Western Region of Ghana. The experiments were conducted as a 4 × 2 factorial, arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design. Four fertilizer treatments including no fertilizer (control), 10 tons/ha of poultry manure, 300 kg/ha of NPK 15-15-15 and 5 t/ha of poultry manure + 150 kg/ha of NPK 15-15-15 and two ages of transplants including 6-week-old seedlings and 7-week-old seedlings were applied during the cultivation periods and were later evaluated of their effects on the post-harvest quality and shelf life of harvested fruits after a two-weeks storage period. Data collected on weight loss, shrinkage, decayed fruits and shelf life of harvested fruits were subjected to analysis of variance using the Genstat Statistical package. The least significant difference criterion was used to separate treatment means at 5% probability. Results Post-harvest qualities of sweet pepper fruits were not significantly influenced by age of transplant throughout the study. Fertilizer application generally increased percentage fruit weight loss, fruit shrinkage, fruit decay and reduced shelf life of sweet pepper fruits in the major season. Sole application of poultry manure mostly enhanced post-harvest quality of sweet pepper fruits in the minor rainy season, but fruit shelf life was improved if no fertilizer was applied. Application of a combination of poultry manure and NPK 15-15-15 to 6-week-old transplants gave relatively low fruit weight loss and shrinkage values. Generally, fruit quality and shelf life were enhanced in 6-week-old transplants treated with no fertilizer. Conclusions The use of poultry manure alone should be encouraged to probably increase yield while improving the quality and shelf life of harvested sweet pepper fruits. Transplanting of 6-week-old seedlings is also encouraged for quality harvested fruits and extended shelf life.

scholarly journals Hydrolyzed Organic Fish Fertilizer and Poultry Litter Influence Total Phenolics and Antioxidants Content but Not Yield of Amaranth, Celosia, Gboma, and Long Bean

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 768-772
Author(s):  
Loutrina Staley ◽  
D.G. Mortley ◽  
C.K. Bonsi ◽  
A. Bovell-Benjamin ◽  
P. Gichuhi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Celosia Argentea

Dietary intake of a variety of vegetables is very important for disease prevention and may help in the treatment of certain maladies. Experiments were conducted to evaluate yield and the content of antioxidants and phenolics of vegetable Amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus), Celosia (Celosia argentea), Gboma (Solanum macrocarpon), and Long Bean (Vigna unguiculata) in response to poultry litter (PL) and a hydrolyzed fish fertilizer [Megabloom (MB)]. The experiments were conducted as a randomized complete block design with a four × three factorial treatment and four replications. The treatments were applied based on soil test recommendations in a single band 15 to 20 cm away from the plants 1 week after transplanting. Plants were harvested sequentially during the season as foliage and fruits became physiologically mature and once over at the end of the season. Species were analyzed for vitamin C content, total phenolics, and β-carotene content as well as antioxidant capacity. Organic amendments did not significantly influence biomass production, whereas species impacted fresh and dry biomass. Amaranth, Celosia, and Long Bean produced greater fresh and dry biomass than did Gboma. Vitamin C content was highest among Amaranth and Celosia plants receiving nitrogen–phosphorus–potassium (NPK) compared with the other two treatments, whereas that of Gboma was higher among plants receiving MB.

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