scholarly journals The Evaluation of Geotechnical Properties of Precambrian Hazara Slates, Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Muhammad Alam ◽  
Javed Akhtar Qureshi ◽  
Garee Khan ◽  
Manzoor Ali ◽  
Shaheen Shah
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Rock Unit ◽  
Fold And Thrust Belt ◽  
Elongation Index ◽  
Azad Kashmir ◽  
Flakiness Index ◽  
Aggregate Material

The fold and thrust belt of the eastern Hazara division characterised the sedimentary rocks of Precambrian toPaleocene age. The sequence and formation of Precambrian signify the oldest rock unit as Hazara Slate. Geologicalmap of the study area was prepared at the scale of 1:75,000 for about 140 square kilometre area located inMuzaffarabad (Azad Kashmir) district and Lohargali of Abbottabad (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) district. The lab analysisshows that it is not rational to use Hazara slates as aggregate material due to its mineral accumulation and composition.Los Angele’s Abrasion Value, Impact Value, Crushing Value, Specific Gravity, Water Absorption, Flakiness Index,Elongation Index, Porosity Value, California Bearing Ratio test and Grain Size Analysis were done and co-related withB.S standards and the parameters were deduced. It was observed that the mineral composition of Hazara Slates rangesfor illite, kaolinite, quartz and carbonate. Kaolinite and illite are clay minerals which haveswelling potential to causeconstruction material damage the material. The presence of Carbonate and Quartz gives strength to the material, but itspercentage is low. Reserves calculation of different localities was also done for the quarry development.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Geotechnical Properties of Precambrian Hazara Slates, Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Muhammad Alam ◽  
Javed Akhtar Qureshi ◽  
Garee Khan ◽  
Manzoor Ali ◽  
Shaheen Shah
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Rock Unit ◽  
Fold And Thrust Belt ◽  
Elongation Index ◽  
Azad Kashmir ◽  
Flakiness Index ◽  
Aggregate Material

The fold and thrust belt of the eastern Hazara division characterised the sedimentary rocks of Precambrian toPaleocene age. The sequence and formation of Precambrian signify the oldest rock unit as Hazara Slate. Geologicalmap of the study area was prepared at the scale of 1:75,000 for about 140 square kilometre area located inMuzaffarabad (Azad Kashmir) district and Lohargali of Abbottabad (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) district. The lab analysisshows that it is not rational to use Hazara slates as aggregate material due to its mineral accumulation and composition.Los Angele’s Abrasion Value, Impact Value, Crushing Value, Specific Gravity, Water Absorption, Flakiness Index,Elongation Index, Porosity Value, California Bearing Ratio test and Grain Size Analysis were done and co-related withB.S standards and the parameters were deduced. It was observed that the mineral composition of Hazara Slates rangesfor illite, kaolinite, quartz and carbonate. Kaolinite and illite are clay minerals which haveswelling potential to causeconstruction material damage the material. The presence of Carbonate and Quartz gives strength to the material, but itspercentage is low. Reserves calculation of different localities was also done for the quarry development.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Semen Slag untuk Stabilisasi Tanah dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Nilai CBR Berdasarkan Variasi Kadar Air Sisi Basah Optimum

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
Enden Mina ◽  
Woelandari Fathonah ◽  
Rama Indera Kusuma ◽  
Naufal Abdurrasyid
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
California Bearing Ratio ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Slag Cement ◽  
Test Soil

Many of the damage in road construction occurred because the soil did not have a good bearing capacity, therefore soil improvement was needed to increase the strength of the soil. One of the damaged roads that occur due to the lack of soil bearing capacity is at Priyayi Mosque Village Road, Kasemen District, Serang City which has a low carrying capacity with a CBR value of 1.99%. In this study, several tests were carried out, soil physical and California Bearing Ratio test. Soil physical tests carried out were water content, soil density, grain size analysis, Atterberg limits, compaction test and, CBR with the addition of slag cement with variations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% based on Variation of optimum wet side moisture content. The result of soil physical properties testing obtained the type of soil is an organic clay with high plasticity. The results of the California Bearing Ratio test on the original soil had a CBR value of 2.4% and there was an increase to the optimum at the addition of 15% Slag Cement in 0 and 3 days of curing with a CBR value of 11.2% and 15.25%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the cement slag content of 15% with 3 days of curing time can increase the bearing capacity of the soil and fulfill the requirements as a good road subgrade

scholarly journals Geochemical and Mineralogical Characterisation of Historic Zn–Pb Mine Waste, Plombières, East Belgium

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Srećko Bevandić ◽  
Rosie Blannin ◽  
Jacqueline Vander Auwera ◽  
Nicolas Delmelle ◽  
David Caterina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Mine Wastes ◽  
Metallurgical Waste ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Potential Applications

Mine wastes and tailings derived from historical processing may contain significant contents of valuable metals due to processing being less efficient in the past. The Plombières tailings pond in eastern Belgium was selected as a case study to determine mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the different mine waste materials found at the site. Four types of material were classified: soil, metallurgical waste, brown tailings and yellow tailings. The distribution of the mine wastes was investigated with drill holes, pit-holes and geophysical methods. Samples of the materials were assessed with grain size analysis, and mineralogical and geochemical techniques. The mine wastes dominantly consist of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3. The cover material, comprising soil and metallurgical waste is highly heterogeneous in terms of mineralogy, geochemistry and grain size. The metallurgical waste has a high concentration of metals (Zn: 0.1 to 24 wt.% and Pb: 0.1 to 10.1 wt.%). In the tailings materials, Pb and Zn vary from 10 ppm to 8.5 wt.% and from 51 ppm to 4 wt.%, respectively. The mining wastes comprises mainly quartz, amorphous phases and phyllosilicates, with minor contents of Fe-oxide and Pb- and Zn-bearing minerals. Based on the mineralogical and geochemical properties, the different potential applications of the four waste material types were determined. Additionally, the theoretical economic potential of Pb and Zn in the mine wastes was estimated.

scholarly journals Centennial Impacts of the East Asian Summer Monsoon on Holocene Deltaic Evolution of the Huanghe River, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2799
Author(s):  
Yanping Chen ◽  
Wenzhe Lyu ◽  
Tengfei Fu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Liang Yi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Huanghe River ◽  
Huanghe River Delta ◽  
The Huanghe River

The Huanghe River (Yellow River) is the most sediment laden river system in the world, and many efforts have been conducted to understand modern deltaic evolution in response to anthropological impacts. However, the natural background and its linkage to climatic changes are less documented in previous studies. In this work, we studied the sediments of core YDZ–3 and marine surface samples by grain-size analysis to retrieve Holocene dynamics of the Huanghe River delta in detail. The main findings are as follows: The mean value of sediment grain size of the studied core is 5.5 ± 0.9 Φ, and silt and sand contents are 5.2 ± 2.3% and 8.2 ± 5.3%, respectively, while the variance of clay particles is relatively large with an average value of 86.4 ± 8.5%. All grain-size data can be mathematically partitioned by a Weibull-based function formula, and three subgroups were identified with modal sizes of 61.1 ± 28.9 μm, 30.0 ± 23.9 μm, and 2.8 ± 1.6 μm, respectively. There are eight intervals with abrupt changes in modal size of core YDZ–3, which can be correlated to paleo-superlobe migration of the Huanghe River in the Holocene. Based on these observations, the presence of seven superlobes in the history are confirmed for the first time and their ages are well constrained in this study, including Paleo-Superlobes Lijin (6400–5280 yr BP), Huanghua (4480–4190 yr BP), Jugezhuang (3880–3660 yr BP), Shajinzi (3070–2870 yr BP), Nigu (2780–2360 yr BP), Qikou (2140–2000 yr BP), and Kenli (1940–1780 and 1700–1650 yr BP). By tuning geomorphological events to a sedimentary proxy derived from core YDZ–3 and comparing to various paleoenvironmental changes, we proposed that winter climate dominated Holocene shifts of the Huanghe River delta on millennial timescales, while summer monsoons controlled deltaic evolution on centennial timescales.

scholarly journals Middle Holocene Coastal Environmental and Climate Change on the Southern Coast of Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Hoil Lee ◽  
Jin-Young Lee ◽  
Seungwon Shin
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotopes ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Freshwater Input ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Middle Holocene ◽  
Southwest Coast

We obtained a 15 m drill core from Deukryang Bay on the southwest coast of Korea, which is now an area of reclaimed land used for agriculture. We investigated changes in the depositional environment and hydrological climate responses to sea level changes using sedimentary facies, radiocarbon ages, grain-size analysis, total organic carbon (TOC), total sulfur (TS), and stable carbon isotopes (δ13C). Sediment deposition began at 12,000 cal yr BP and was divided into four stages based on changes from fluvial to intertidal environments related to Holocene marine transgression events. Stage 1 (>10,000 cal yr BP) is represented by fluvial sediments; Stage 2 (10,000–7080 cal yr BP) is represented by the deposition of mud facies in an intertidal zone in response to sea level rise; Stage 3 (7080–3300 cal yr BP) was a period of gradually descending sea level following the Holocene maximum sea level and is characterized by gradual changes in TOC, TS, and C/S ratios compared with the mud facies of Stage 2. Stage 4 (3300 to present) was deposited in a supratidal zone and contains low TS and an abundance of TOC. Based on our TS and C/S ratio results, the south coast of Korea was mainly affected by sea level rise between 7000 and 3000 cal yr BP, during the middle Holocene. At 3000 cal yr BP, sea level began to stabilize or gradually decrease. In addition, changes in δ13C values are clearly observed since ca. 5000 cal yr BP, in particular, large hydrological changes via freshwater input are confirmed in 4000–3000 cal yr BP. We consider these shifts in freshwater input indicators of an increased influence of El Niño and La Niña conditions, related to the weakening of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) and changes in sea surface temperature (SST) of the Western Pacific Ocean during the middle Holocene climatic optimum (between 7800 and 5000 cal yr BP). The cooling periods of SST in East Asia between 8400 and 6600 cal yr BP reported from the west coast of Korea are related closely to changes in vegetation (as evidenced by δ13C) from 7700 cal yrs BP to the present in the southwest coast of Korea. We interpret the freshwater input events at 4000–3000 cal yr BP to be related to changes in SST in response to the weakening of the EASM on the southwest coast of Korea. However, additional research is needed to study the southward migration effect of the westerly jet related to SST and atmospheric circulation controlling terrestrial climate in the middle Holocene.

scholarly journals Comparison of Geotechnical Properties of Laterite, Kaolin and Peat

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 1438-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Aimi Nadia Mohd Yusoff ◽  
I. Bakar ◽  
Devapriya Chitral Wijeyesekera ◽  
Adnan Zainorabidin ◽  
Aziman Madun
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
General Information ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Proctor Test ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Soil Behaviour

This paper compares some geotechnical properties of Kaolin, Laterite and Peat. Laterite was collected from Bukit Banang while Peat sample was collected from Parit Nipah, both locations were in Batu Pahat, Johor. Meanwhile, kaolin that was used in this research was manufactured kaolin. These soil samples were subjected to routine laboratory analysis and resulting data were analyzed statistically using a correlation analysis. A laboratory testing program consists of “Basic properties test” to obtain general information on the materials (e.g Natural moisture content, Atterberg Limit, Specific gravity, grain size analysis, chemical composition and pH) and “Geotechnical properties tests” to measure specific properties that characterize soil behaviour for design and constructability assessments (e.g Standard Proctor Test, Unconfined Compressive Strength and CBR).The results showed that the Natural/initial moisture content for laterite, peat and kaolin is 22.54%, 480.61% and 0.22% respectively. Meanwhile Specific gravity for each soil was in the range 1.50-2.79.It was also found that the pH of all soil is acidic which lay in the range of 3.76-5.95.The UCS for the optimally compacted sample of laterite is 445.77 kPa, kaolin is 199.23 kPa and for peat is 58.70 kPa. This paper summarizes the result of analysis performed on all tests conducted. Based on the results, the geotechnical property of the soil is a highly dependent with the type of soil and therefore, determining the soil characterization and the soil strength should be considered during the planning phase of any earthwork construction operation.

Predicting well productivity from grain size analysis and logging while drilling

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. C. Hogg ◽  
Alan W. Mitchell ◽  
Susan Young
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Well Productivity ◽  
Logging While Drilling
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