scholarly journals Serbian Military Settlements of New Serbia and Slavic Serbia on Ukrainian Lands in the 18th Century (Part 1)

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-89
Author(s):  
P. Rudyakov
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
General Situation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Military Reform ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Military ◽  
Religious Nature

The article explores the Serbian military settlements of New Serbia and Slavian Serbia (1751-1764) in the territory of modern Kirovograd and Lugansk regions, founded by the tsarist government forSerbian immigrants from Austria. The general situation in which the resettlement was being prepared was analyzed. Attention is drawn to Austrian military reform under Maria Theresa, to Vienna’sconcessions to Hungarian feudal lords to the detriment of Serbian landmilitia. Marked Russia’s access to the Black Sea and the deployment of the process of colonization of the Black Sea. A set of motiveshas been disclosed that pushed the border Serbs to move to Russia, and Russia to accept them. It is alleged that after a critical deterioration in living conditions as a result of the reform of militarysettlements on the border with Turkey, immigrants were dominated by motives of a socio-economic, as well as a national-cultural, religious nature. The Serbs were interested in the Russian side as a sourceof personnel to ensure colonization, the organization of the military border on the newly annexed lands. Russia equipped the new border according to the model of the military border borrowed fromAustria. Mentioned about those who came to Russia and entered the Russian service in the first half of the 18th century. well-known immigrants from Serbian ethnic territories in the Balkans and fromAustria, who played the role of predecessors for immigrants from New Serbia and Slavic Serbia: Savva Vladislavich, Pantu Bozhich, Mikhail Miloradovich and others. Based on archival and othermaterials, the content and sequence of preparatory actions of Russia and “Austrian” Serbs to relocation.

scholarly journals The role of the steamship “Grand Duke Konstantin” in the liberation of Abkhazia and forced crossing of the Gagra Gorge by the Sochi detachment in August 1877

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-130
Author(s):  
Oleg Igorevich Khodorov
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
The Subject ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Military

The object of this research is the military actions on the Caucasus-Asia Minor Theatre of the Russo-Turkish War in 1877. The subject is the participation of the steamship “Grand Duke Konstantin” under the command of Stepan Osipovich Makarov in the liberation of Abkhazia from Turkish occupation and aid to the Sochi detachment of Shelkovnikov Boris Martynovich in forced crossing the Gagra Gorge. The goal of this research lies in comprehensive examination of the actions of Makarov and his team during cruising at the east coast of the Black Sea, as well as in determination the role and importance of their participation in the military actions in the beginning of August 1877. The conclusion is made that successful actions of Makarov helped the Sochi detachment to avoid heavy losses in Gagra; and that damages inflicted on the Turkish warship “Asar-i Tevfik” during Makarov’s night attack suspended it from evacuation of the Turks from Sukhumi. The reconstruction of the results of torpedo attack and comparison of the tactical and technical characteristics of ships draw particular interest. The author concludes that the Turkish warship that attacked by Makarov at Gagra, was not “Asar-i Şevket”, as described in the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern Russian historiography.

Role of suspended matter in controlling beryllium-7 (7Be) in the Black Sea surface layer

2021 ◽  
pp. 103513
Author(s):  
Dmitrii A. Kremenchutskii ◽  
Gennady F. Batrakov ◽  
Illarion I. Dovhyi ◽  
Yury A. Sapozhnikov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Black Sea

Georgian Historians and the Ideological Confrontation Between East and West

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
George Gotsiridze
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Science And Culture ◽  
East And West

The work, on the one hand, highlights the mission of Europe, as an importer of knowledge, which has for centuries been the center of gravity for the whole world, and, on the other hand, the role of the Black Sea Region, as an important part of the Great Silk Road, which had also for a long time been promoting the process of rap-prochement and exchange of cultural values between East and West peoples, until it became the ‘inner lake’ of the Ottoman Empire, and today it reverts the function of rapproching and connecting civilizations. The article shows the importance of the Black Sea countries in maintaining overall European stability and in this context the role of historical science. On the backdrop of the ideological confrontation between Georgian historians being inside and outside the Iron Curtain, which began with the foundation of the Soviet Union, the research sheds light on the merit of the Georgian scholars-in-exile for both popularization of the Georgian culture and science in Eu-rope and for importing advanced (European) scientific knowledge to Georgia. Ex-change of knowledge in science and culture between the Black Sea region and Europe will enrich and complete each other through impact and each of them will have unique, inimitative features.

scholarly journals The historiography of the Kazakhs’ Junior Horde incorporation into the Russian Empire (the pre-revolutionary period)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Gulbanu Bolatovna Izbassarova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Character Assessment ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Concept Change ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time ◽  
Revolutionary Period

The Kazakhs Junior Horde, due to external - internal political reasons was the first one who became the part of Russian Empire. Chinggizid Abulkhair was an initiator of the Kazakh society incorporation into the structure of the Russian Empire. The aggravation of the Kazakh-Bashkir, Kazakh-Kalmyk, Kazakh-Dzungar relations leads to a search for a strong overlord. At the beginning of the 18th century, after the Prut campaign, the interests of the Russian Empire moved from the Black Sea to Asia, which is south-east direction. Formation of the imperial concept, change in the concept of Russias historical mission on the international scene forms new strategic and political aims of the Russian Empire. The Academy of Sciences founded in 1724 by the emperor Peter I as well as representatives of local administrations started to explain to the Russian public the acquisition of new lands policy. The reflection of this event to the Russian historiography of the XVIII-XIX centuries is studied in this article. The attention is paid to the study of a concept of citizenship, an interpretation of its character, assessment of the Kazakh khan Abulkhair, the accession initiator by pre-revolutionary historiography representatives. The article considers views of P.I. Rychkov, A.I. Levshin, who are for the first time in their writings, on the basis of archival, authentic sources, gathered a wealth of factual material, scientifically substantiated opinions on the issue of incorporation.

scholarly journals Ecological interrelations of Rapana venosa (Gastropoda: Muricidae) with ichthyofauna in the Black Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-77
Author(s):  
I. P. Bondarev
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sandy Bottom ◽  
Rapana Venosa ◽  
New Information ◽  
Bottom Zone

Systematic monitoring of ecologically significant species – predatory mollusc Rapana venosa Valenciennes, 1846 populations – is an important part of the Black Sea monitoring. The study of the role of R. venosa in contemporary marine ecosystem is of considerable interest. In June-September 2015-2016 the study of consorting relations of rapana was conducted in situ with a parallel sampling by diver. In the course of research new information about the interaction of R. venosa with the fish fauna has been obtained. Of particular importance for fishes is the presence of rapana in the sandy bottom zone, where there are no natural shelters, and food resources are limited. The most important for the fish is the presence on the rapana shells of algal fouling and epiphyton. The shells of invader – R. venosa – and its fouling create additional opportunities for the survival of some fish fauna representatives juveniles of the Black Sea. The data obtained extend the concepts of ecological role of mollusc – invader R. venosa, as well as the ecology and ethology of several fish species.

The Process of Westernization of the Balkans after WWII: The Cases of Greece and Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Alla Kondrasheva ◽  
Stavris Parastatov
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Western Country ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Spheres Of Influence ◽  
Western Influence ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military ◽  
Of Greece

The high significance of the Balkan geopolitical knot was clearly expressed in the bipolar era when the main frontier between the two warring blocks passed through the Balkans. Due to the secret ‘Percentages Agreement’ between Great Britain and the USSR in 1944, the Balkans were divided into spheres of influence of the two great powers. Subsequently, London ceded the role of the main source of Western influence in the region to Washington.Of particular interest are the cases of Greece and Bulgaria as border countries that found themselves in different ‘worlds’ and, given the geostrategic importance of their territories, which were the main ideological instruments and conductors of ideas in the Cold war of the hegemons that stood behind. The Truman Doctrine in 1947 and NATO membership in 1952 strengthened and institutionalized Western influence in Greece. Westernization of Greek society in the form of liberalization and democratiza-tion of social relations and consequently its political system proceeded rapidly with a relatively short interval of the military dictatorship.Greece was assigned the role of a model for the rapid and successful develop-ment of a western country, a bridgehead for the dissemination of anti–communist ide-as in other countries of the Balkan region, primarily Bulgaria. Besides, due to the establishment of a strict pro–Soviet regime in Sofia, the westernization of Bulgarian society was carried out including through intelligence agencies, and after a certain thaw in relations through economic cooperation.

The Role of the Black Sea Commission in the Sustainable Management of the Marine Living Resources

2015 ◽  
pp. 306-326
Author(s):  
Iryna Makarenko
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Current Trends

In this chapter, the role of the Black Sea Commission in the preservation of marine environment will be considered. Particular emphasis will be placed on the activities related to management of the marine living resources, the legal gaps in the documents and institutional structure, as well the current trends and challenges on the regional and global level. An overview of relevant Black Sea Commission's observers and partners will be provided; existing and possible future arrangements with them will be further described and analyzed. Some concrete recommendations on the improvements in the management of marine living resources in the Black Sea basin will be proposed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document