Assessment of Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis patients  in a Rural Comprehensive Health Care Centre, Benue State, North Central Nigeria

Despite the availability of effective intervention programs over the years, tuberculosis remains a major global health problem. It causes ill-health among millions of people each year and ranks alongside the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a leading cause of death worldwide. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of tuberculosis treatment in a Rural Primary Health Care Centre, Benue State, North Central Nigeria. A three-year retrospective study was employed to review 150 tuberculosis cases treated from January 2014 - December 2016. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and presented as tables and charts. The relationship between independent and outcome variables were tested with Chi-square test and P-value was set at 0.05. Of the 150 Tuberculosis patients treated, 84(56.0%) were males while 66(44.0%) were females. More than two-thirds (77.3%) of the patients had pulmonary tuberculosis. The successful treatment rate was 60.0% (32.7% treatment completed and 27.3% cured). Over twelve percent defaulted, 10.7% were lost to follow up, 6.7% were transferred out and 0.7% died. In this study, the successful treatment outcome was lower than the National target .The relationship between the disease sites; HIV status, Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and the treatment outcome were statistically significant. Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) providers should address issue of hindrances to adherence to treatment in order to improve the treatment success rate.

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Assessment of Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis patients in a Rural Comprehensive Health Care Centre, Benue State, North Central Nigeria

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp3i1.2020144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 241-249

Author(s):

OG Ogbeyi ◽

L Luret ◽

S Ogiri ◽

T Aforlaranrami ◽

SA Igbabul

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Treatment Outcome ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Treatment Success ◽

P Value ◽

Care Centre ◽

Health Care Centre ◽

North Central ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

The Relationship

Despite the availability of effective intervention programs over the years, tuberculosis remains a major global health problem. It causes ill-health among millions of people each year and ranks alongside the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a leading cause of death worldwide. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of tuberculosis treatment in a Rural Primary Health Care Centre, Benue State, North Central Nigeria. A three-year retrospective study was employed to review 150 tuberculosis cases treated from January 2014 - December 2016. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and presented as tables and charts. The relationship between independent and outcome variables were tested with Chi-square test and P-value was set at 0.05. Of the 150 Tuberculosis patients treated, 84(56.0%) were males while 66(44.0%) were females. More than two-thirds (77.3%) of the patients had pulmonary tuberculosis. The successful treatment rate was 60.0% (32.7% treatment completed and 27.3% cured). Over twelve percent defaulted, 10.7% were lost to follow up, 6.7% were transferred out and 0.7% died. In this study, the successful treatment outcome was lower than the National target .The relationship between the disease sites; HIV status, Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and the treatment outcome were statistically significant. Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) providers should address issue of hindrances to adherence to treatment in order to improve the treatment success rate.

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Assessment of Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis patients in a Rural Comprehensive Health Care Centre, Benue State, North Central Nigeria

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp.v3.i1.2020.144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 241-249

Author(s):

OG Ogbeyi ◽

L Luret ◽

S Ogiri ◽

T Aforlaranrami ◽

SA Igbabul

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Treatment Outcome ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Treatment Success ◽

P Value ◽

Care Centre ◽

Health Care Centre ◽

North Central ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

The Relationship

Despite the availability of effective intervention programs over the years, tuberculosis remains a major global health problem. It causes ill-health among millions of people each year and ranks alongside the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a leading cause of death worldwide. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of tuberculosis treatment in a Rural Primary Health Care Centre, Benue State, North Central Nigeria. A three-year retrospective study was employed to review 150 tuberculosis cases treated from January 2014 - December 2016. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and presented as tables and charts. The relationship between independent and outcome variables were tested with Chi-square test and P-value was set at 0.05. Of the 150 Tuberculosis patients treated, 84(56.0%) were males while 66(44.0%) were females. More than two-thirds (77.3%) of the patients had pulmonary tuberculosis. The successful treatment rate was 60.0% (32.7% treatment completed and 27.3% cured). Over twelve percent defaulted, 10.7% were lost to follow up, 6.7% were transferred out and 0.7% died. In this study, the successful treatment outcome was lower than the National target .The relationship between the disease sites; HIV status, Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and the treatment outcome were statistically significant. Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) providers should address issue of hindrances to adherence to treatment in order to improve the treatment success rate.

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Assessment of Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis patients in a Rural Comprehensive Health Care Centre, Benue State, North Central Nigeria

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp.144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 241-249

Author(s):

OG Ogbeyi ◽

L Luret ◽

S Ogiri ◽

T Aforlaranrami ◽

SA Igbabul

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Treatment Outcome ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Treatment Success ◽

P Value ◽

Care Centre ◽

Health Care Centre ◽

North Central ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

The Relationship

Despite the availability of effective intervention programs over the years, tuberculosis remains a major global health problem. It causes ill-health among millions of people each year and ranks alongside the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a leading cause of death worldwide. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of tuberculosis treatment in a Rural Primary Health Care Centre, Benue State, North Central Nigeria. A three-year retrospective study was employed to review 150 tuberculosis cases treated from January 2014 - December 2016. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and presented as tables and charts. The relationship between independent and outcome variables were tested with Chi-square test and P-value was set at 0.05. Of the 150 Tuberculosis patients treated, 84(56.0%) were males while 66(44.0%) were females. More than two-thirds (77.3%) of the patients had pulmonary tuberculosis. The successful treatment rate was 60.0% (32.7% treatment completed and 27.3% cured). Over twelve percent defaulted, 10.7% were lost to follow up, 6.7% were transferred out and 0.7% died. In this study, the successful treatment outcome was lower than the National target .The relationship between the disease sites; HIV status, Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and the treatment outcome were statistically significant. Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) providers should address issue of hindrances to adherence to treatment in order to improve the treatment success rate.

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Immunisation-related Knowledge, Attitudes and Promotive Practices among Mothers in an Urban Primary Health Care Centre in South-East Nigeria: a Call for Improved Clinic-based Education

Journal of Epidemiological Society of Nigeria ◽

10.46912/jeson.29 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

I Okedo-Alex ◽

I Akamike ◽

A Adeke ◽

C Uneke

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Primary Health Care ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Primary Health Care Centre ◽

Childhood Vaccination ◽

P Value ◽

Care Centre ◽

Health Care Centre ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Primary Health

Background: Nigeria is among the five countries accounting for half of the world’s unimmunised children. Maternal knowledge and attitude play key roles in uptake and timeliness of routine childhood vaccination. This study assessed immunisation-related knowledge, attitudes and promotive practices among mothers in Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among 117 mothers with children aged 0-23 months attending a Primary Health Care Centre in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 20 with a p value of ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: Over half (55.6%) of the respondents were aged 26-35years while 47% had secondary school education. Majority (91.5%) had previously vaccinated their children, but only 31.7% knew the dosing of polio vaccine. Less than half (42%) of the mothers had adequate knowledge about routes of vaccine administration. About half (49.7%) had adequate knowledge about the children’s next vaccination appointments. Most (94%) considered immunisation important in preventing childhood diseases with up to 95% of them willing to bring their children for immunisation. Only 57.3% were satisfied with the adequacy of immunisation-related information received from the clinic. Majority (81.2%) were timely in accessing immunisation for their babies. Educational status (P=0.035) and child’s age (P=0.008) were associated with knowledge and practice of immunisation respectively. Conclusion: Mothers in this study had good immunisation-related practices and positive attitude towards immunisation. Although majority had good knowledge, some knowledge gaps were identified. We recommend improved maternal education and content of clinic-based education on immunisation.

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Clinical and Morphological Profile of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Children - A Five Year Study in a Paediatric Tertiary Health Care Centre of South India

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2020/560 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (46) ◽

pp. 2724-2729

Author(s):

Ashida M. Krishnan ◽

Deepthi Raj M.L ◽

Priya V.S ◽

Arya R.S

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

South India ◽

P Value ◽

Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽

Care Centre ◽

Health Care Centre ◽

Thrombocytopenic Purpura

BACKGROUND Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is one of the most commonly encountered disease in paediatric practice. Thorough clinical and morphological study of peripheral blood and bone marrow is required for confirming ITP. Clinicomorphological aspects of paediatric ITP is a less studied topic especially in developing countries like India. The objective was to study the clinical and morphological profile of paediatric cases of ITP. METHODS This is a 5-year record based retrospective study conducted in a paediatric tertiary health care centre in Kerala, South India. Data of all paediatric cases diagnosed as ITP including clinical presentation, clinical findings, blood counts, peripheral blood morphology, bone marrow morphology, and treatment response was collected and entered in SPSS software version 16.0 and analysed. For assessing correlation, chi-square test was used. RESULTS The age of children ranged from 3 months to 15 years. H/o viral fever was noted in 53 % cases. Cases which had moderate and severe thrombocytopenia were 74 % and 21 % respectively. Isolated thrombocytopenia was the most common peripheral blood picture observed with few cases showing coexisting eosinophilia and anaemia. All cases showed megakaryocyte proliferation in marrow with 9 % cases showing coexisting iron deficiency anaemia. Majority of cases showed rapid response to steroid / IVIG therapy and the response had no correlation with grade of thrombocytopenia (p value < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Paediatric cases of ITP usually present following viral infections or vaccination, with worrisome bleeding episodes, petechiae, ecchymosis or purpura. KEYWORDS ITP, Paediatrics, Platelet Count, Thrombocytopenia, Vaccination

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Treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients at Adare general Hospital, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia. (A five year retrospective study)

10.21203/rs.2.9233/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Bezunesh Tsegaye ◽

Zufan Bedewi ◽

Solomon Lemma Asnake

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

General Hospital ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

P Value ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Tb Treatment ◽

Extra Pulmonary

Abstract Background Globally still Tuberculosis remains a major public health problems and socio-economic issue in the 21st century. Ethiopia is among the countries most heavily affected by Tuberculosis, where it is the leading cause of morbidity, the third cause of hospital admission and the second cause of death. To improve Tuberculosis management and control, early detection of cases, effective treatment and persistent evaluation of treatment outcome are vital issues that should be taken into consideration. Hence, this study was designed to determine treatment outcomes and associated risk factors among TB patients registered and receiving anti-TB treatment at Adare general Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A five years retrospective study was conducted by reviewing medical records of TB patients at Adare general Hospital. A total of 1151 Tuberculosis patients’ cards registered from (September 2013 to August 2017) for treatment at TB clinic were reviewed. Data was coded, cleaned and entered into Microsoft Excel sheet then ported and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical soft ware. Logistic regression with odds ratios (OR) along with the 95% confidence interval was computed and interpreted. A P value <0.05 was declared as statistically significant. Result Among 1122 cases 620 (55.3%) were male, 748(66.7%) were from urban areas, 319 (28.4%) were smear positive, 352 (31.4%) were smear negative and 451 (40.2%) were extra pulmonary patients. Of the 1122 284 (25.3%) were cured, 753(67.1%) completed treatment, 29(2.6%) defaulted, 53(4.7%) died and 3 (0.3%) had treatment failure. The mean treatment success rate was 92.4%. The risk of unsuccessful TB treatment outcome was significantly higher among TB patients from rural areas (AOR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.67); patients with extra pulmonary TB (AOR = 0.87, 95% CI; 0.67, 1.14), and HIV positive TB patients (AOR = 5.47, 95% CI; 3.47, 8.63) were more likely to have poor treatment outcomes as compared to their counter parts. Conclusion The treatment success rates of Tuberculosis, at Adare hospital was comparable to national health facility level coverage, but it should be maintained and strengthen further to attain tuberculosis related national and millennium goal.

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Aetiology of Cytopenia’s in Children - A Five Year Study in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in Kerala

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/300 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (20) ◽

pp. 1586-1591

Author(s):

Ashida Mony Krishnan ◽

Selva Raja Siddharth Raman ◽

Lali Krishnan Rajan

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

P Value ◽

Care Centre ◽

Peripheral Smear ◽

Health Care Centre ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Study Results ◽

Bonferroni Test

BACKGROUND Cytopenia is the most common condition in paediatric population which requires detailed haematological evaluation. The objective of this study was to understand the, aetiological factors of the three types of cytopenia (single cytopenia, bicytopenia, pancytopenia) in children. METHODS This study is a descriptive & retrospective 5 year study conducted in the Haematology wing of a paediatric tertiary health care centre in South India. Data of all cases who underwent detailed haematological evaluation like Complete blood count, peripheral smear and bone marrow examination for cytopenias during the study period were included in the study. RESULTS The study sample was 365. The total number of patients with single cytopenia (isolated anaemia / leukopenia / thrombocytopenia) was 240 (65.7 %), bicytopenia were 90 (24.6 %) and pancytopenia was 35 (9.58 %). There was slight female predominance (M: F = 1: 1.05). Bicytopenia and pancytopenia were commonly observed between 1 - 5 years of age, while single cytopenias were more common in 5 - 10-year age group. The analysis of symptoms and signs in all cytopenia groups showed petechiae / purpura as the most common presentation in single cytopenia. The analysis of clinical symptoms showed significant correlation (P value < 0.05). Single cytopenia was the most common observed type of cytopenia with Immune thrombocytopenic purpura as the commonest aetiologic factor. In the present study most common causes of bicytopenia were reactive conditions like ITP with and without anaemia, infections etc. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) was the most common aetiologic factor for pancytopenia (ANOVA test and Bonferroni test P value < 0.05). Isolated thrombocytopenia was the most common peripheral smear picture observed, followed by hypochromic microcytic picture and combination of hypochromic microcytic anaemia (HMA) with thrombocytopenia. CONCLUSIONS Children with cytopenias commonly have benign conditions than malignant conditions. Cytopenias due to primary haematological malignancies are more common than secondaries. KEYWORDS Bicytopenia, Cytopenia, Children, Aetiology, Paediatric Pancytopenia

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A study on prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adult tuberculosis patients in tertiary health care centre, Hyderabad

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190616 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 1225

Author(s):

S.Bhavana Laxmi ◽

Sri Harsha Kandikonda ◽

Jyothi Lakshmi Naga Vemuri ◽

R. L. Lakshman Rao

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Health Care ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Care Facility ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Care Centre ◽

Health Care Centre ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Tuberculosis is a major public health problem and is among top ten causes of deaths worldwide. People with diabetes are three times at higher risk of getting infected with tuberculosis. Globally 10.4 million TB cases exists of them 10% are linked to diabetes. In India 13% of Tuberculosis cases were diabetic. DM has been reported to modify the clinical features of TB. The objectives were to study the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adult tuberculosis patients registered in DOTS centre in tertiary health care centre, Hyderabad and to study the clinical profile of tuberculosis in study subjects.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 4 DOTS centres under tertiary health care facility, Hyderabad. Sample size 200 was calculated using formula 4PQ/L2. Study subjects were registered adult tuberculosis patients attending DOTS centre and undergoing anti tuberculosis treatment. Data from study subjects was obtained by interview method using semi structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic parameters and clinical parameters.Results: Out of 200 patients, the prevalence of DM was found to be 18% (n=36). Increasing age (p<0.000), male sex (p=0.04), low BMI (p=0.02), family history of TB (p=0.017), Sputum positive severity (p=0.0008) are significantly associated with DM-TB comorbidity and clinical manifestations like bilateral involvement (p=0.151), multi lobes (p=0.243), other associated lung diseases (p=0.154), treatment category (p=0.8203) are not significantly associated with DM-TB comorbidity.Conclusions: Bidirectional screening of TB and DM will detect early and prevent complications of comorbiditiy.

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