scholarly journals Depression among Older Adult Prisoners at the Jos Central Prison- North Central Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
CG Piwuna ◽  
TO Piwuna ◽  
N Dami ◽  
MA Bankat ◽  
TM Agbir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adult ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
North Central ◽  
Older Prisoners ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of depression and its correlates among Older Adult Prisoners at the Jos Central Prison, North Central Nigeria. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive chart, conducted at the Jos Central prisons on eighty-six (86) older prisoners between June 2012 to December 2012. Bio-demographic data and history of any chronic medical condition as well as that of psychiatric condition were also obtained from their clinical records in the clinic located within the prison. Depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) on all the volunteers 50 years and above. The GDS measures cognitive, affective, functional state and a factor that reflects helplessness and fear for the future. The study was largely composed of male making up to 99%. The age range was between 50 to 75 years with a mean 54.36 (SD 3.24) with most of them between 50 to 60 years (90%). A quarter (25%) had not received any form of education while 7 out of 10 had received some form of education. Majority of them were employed (skilled or un-skilled employment) before incarceration. Only 2% were unemployed before their incarceration. Those incarcerated for violent crimes (65%) nearly doubled those in prison for non-violent crimes 35%. Occupational status, pre-existing medical conditions and the perception of their health status before incarceration were found to be statistically significant. Type of crimes committed was not statistically significant. Known chronic medical condition(s) was a risk factor in the inmates developing depression (P-value =0.009). In comparing the specific medical conditions with depression, significant findings were found (P-value= 0.003). The study revealed a prevalence of depression at 59% in older prisoners of 50 years and above. The significant predictors of depression include occupational status, pre-exisitng medical conditions, and the perception of their health status before incarceration were found to be statistically significant.

scholarly journals Depression among Older Adult Prisoners at the Jos Central Prison- North Central Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
CG Piwuna ◽  
TO Piwuna ◽  
N Dami ◽  
MA Bankat ◽  
TM Agbir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adult ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
North Central ◽  
Older Prisoners ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of depression and its correlates among Older Adult Prisoners at the Jos Central Prison, North Central Nigeria. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive chart, conducted at the Jos Central prisons on eighty-six (86) older prisoners between June 2012 to December 2012. Bio-demographic data and history of any chronic medical condition as well as that of psychiatric condition were also obtained from their clinical records in the clinic located within the prison. Depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) on all the volunteers 50 years and above. The GDS measures cognitive, affective, functional state and a factor that reflects helplessness and fear for the future. The study was largely composed of male making up to 99%. The age range was between 50 to 75 years with a mean 54.36 (SD 3.24) with most of them between 50 to 60 years (90%). A quarter (25%) had not received any form of education while 7 out of 10 had received some form of education. Majority of them were employed (skilled or un-skilled employment) before incarceration. Only 2% were unemployed before their incarceration. Those incarcerated for violent crimes (65%) nearly doubled those in prison for non-violent crimes 35%. Occupational status, pre-existing medical conditions and the perception of their health status before incarceration were found to be statistically significant. Type of crimes committed was not statistically significant. Known chronic medical condition(s) was a risk factor in the inmates developing depression (P-value =0.009). In comparing the specific medical conditions with depression, significant findings were found (P-value= 0.003). The study revealed a prevalence of depression at 59% in older prisoners of 50 years and above. The significant predictors of depression include occupational status, pre-exisitng medical conditions, and the perception of their health status before incarceration were found to be statistically significant.

scholarly journals Depression among Older Adult Prisoners at the Jos Central Prison- North Central Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
CG Piwuna ◽  
TO Piwuna ◽  
N Dami ◽  
MA Bankat ◽  
TM Agbir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adult ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
North Central ◽  
Older Prisoners ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of depression and its correlates among Older Adult Prisoners at the Jos Central Prison, North Central Nigeria. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive chart, conducted at the Jos Central prisons on eighty-six (86) older prisoners between June 2012 to December 2012. Bio-demographic data and history of any chronic medical condition as well as that of psychiatric condition were also obtained from their clinical records in the clinic located within the prison. Depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) on all the volunteers 50 years and above. The GDS measures cognitive, affective, functional state and a factor that reflects helplessness and fear for the future. The study was largely composed of male making up to 99%. The age range was between 50 to 75 years with a mean 54.36 (SD 3.24) with most of them between 50 to 60 years (90%). A quarter (25%) had not received any form of education while 7 out of 10 had received some form of education. Majority of them were employed (skilled or un-skilled employment) before incarceration. Only 2% were unemployed before their incarceration. Those incarcerated for violent crimes (65%) nearly doubled those in prison for non-violent crimes 35%. Occupational status, pre-existing medical conditions and the perception of their health status before incarceration were found to be statistically significant. Type of crimes committed was not statistically significant. Known chronic medical condition(s) was a risk factor in the inmates developing depression (P-value =0.009). In comparing the specific medical conditions with depression, significant findings were found (P-value= 0.003). The study revealed a prevalence of depression at 59% in older prisoners of 50 years and above. The significant predictors of depression include occupational status, pre-exisitng medical conditions, and the perception of their health status before incarceration were found to be statistically significant.

scholarly journals Reduced health-care utilization among people with chronic medical conditions during coronavirus disease 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 201010582096453
Author(s):  
Chetna Malhotra ◽  
Isha Chaudhry ◽  
Semra Ozdemir ◽  
Eric Andrew Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Chronic Medical Conditions ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Care Appointment

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak may impact the health-care-seeking behaviour of people with pre-existing chronic medical conditions. We aimed to assess the extent, reasons and correlates of reduced health-care utilization among people with chronic medical conditions in Singapore during the COVID-19 pandemic. We administered a web-survey to a panel of residents between 31 March and 14 April 2020. We assessed the proportion of participants with self-reported chronic conditions that missed their health-care appointment during the outbreak either voluntarily (demand driven) or because it was cancelled by their provider (supply driven). We performed a logistic regression to examine the association of voluntarily missing the health-care appointment with participants’ age and risk perceptions. Of the 1017 surveyed participants, 349 reported at least one chronic medical condition. Of these, 40% reported missing their health-care appointment during the COVID-19 outbreak. Of these, 72% did so voluntarily, and 39% reported that it was cancelled by their provider. Younger participants, those with a greater worry of contracting COVID-19 and those with a higher perceived risk of dying due to COVID-19 were more likely to miss their health-care appointments voluntarily. These results highlight the need to ensure continuity of care for people with chronic medical conditions in order to avoid the long-term impact on their health and mortality.

scholarly journals Clinical presentation of paediatric patients with COVID-19 admitted to a single paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000715
Author(s):  
Amir Saeed ◽  
Eslam Shorafa ◽  
Anahita Sanaeidashti ◽  
Mohammad Rahim Kadivar
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Paediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Paediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
Chronic Medical Conditions ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Paediatric Patients

ObjectivesTo describe the clinical characteristics of paediatric patients admitted to a single paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in Iran with COVID-19.MethodsA cross-sectional study of paediatric patients who were admitted to a COVID-19-dedicated PICU from 16 March 2020 to 21 April 2020 with COVID-19.ResultsSix children had confirmed COVID-19 and four had suspected COVID-19. Six had pre-existing chronic medical conditions. Nine had respiratory failure and needed ventilation. Five children, of whom four had chronic medical conditions, died. Four had cardiac arrhythmias. Clinical presentation included fever and cough.ConclusionCOVID-19 can be fatal in paediatric patients, especially in those with a chronic medical condition.

scholarly journals Burnout and Sense of Coherence in Dentistry Students of Karachi

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
Fasiha Moin Kazi ◽  
◽  
Shoaib Ahmed ◽  
Shama Asghar
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Psychiatric Condition ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess burnout and sense of coherence levels in dentistry students of Karachi. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study involving 361 students from four renowned dental colleges in Karachi was carried out. The students were distributed a questionnaire derived from the Mayo Clinic Well-being Index (WBI) and a modified 13-item Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC scale). They were stratified on the basis of gender, age, professional year, institution, relationship status, history of chronic medical condition and history of chronic psychiatric condition. Scores for the WBI and SOC scale were calculated. For the WBI, a score of >4 was a sign that an individual was at risk of developing burnout or other severe outcomes. A high or low total score on the SOC scale demonstrated whether the individual was able to cope with his environment or not. MS Excel and SPSS version 23 were used for data compilation and statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square test of independence was applied to gauge any association between the strata and outcome variables. After determination of statistical difference, Mann Whitney-U Test and Kruskal Wallis Test were applied to compare the means where a significant association was found. A p-value of 0.05 or less was considered significant. RESULTS: The mean WBI score was found to be 4.07. Around 64% respondents were at-risk of burnout (score > 4). A greater percentage of females was at risk (66%) as compared to males (50%). Third professional students were found to be the most affected (77% with WBI score > 4 and 9% in the low coherence category). The mean SOC score was found to be 36.39 (moderate levels of coherence). Overall, around 4-9% of each professional year students exhibited a low sense of coherence. Age, relationship status, institution and a history of chronic medical and/or psychiatric condition were not found to have a significant association with the outcome variables (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: A significant number of dentistry students are at risk of burn-out and suffer from a low sense of coherence. The risk factors need to be evaluated and solutions need to be found to create a healthy and conducive environment for the growth and learning of the students. More research needs to be focused on gathering data related to the well-being of dentistry students. KEYWORDS: Burnout, sense of coherence, well-being index, dentistry.

Depressive Syndromes and Medical Comorbidities

2016 ◽  
pp. 347-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek R. Hopko ◽  
Crystal C. McIndoo ◽  
Audrey File
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Medical Comorbidities ◽  
Depressive Syndromes

The prevalence of depression is substantial among individuals with medical conditions and is associated with poorer treatment outcome for both the mood disorder and medical condition. This chapter examines the prevalence, risk factors, causal associations, and treatment for depression in four medical conditions: cancer, cardiovascular disease, multiple sclerosis, and HIV/AIDS. Several conclusions are evident: First, depression is unrecognized in about 30% of medical patients, and twice as many medical patients experience depression relative to the general population. Second, regardless of the medical illness, there are common risk factors for depression. Third, individuals with medical illness are most vulnerable to developing depression in the year following medical diagnosis. Fourth, the relationship between depression and medical comorbidities is bidirectional. Fifth, although there are promising psychological and pharmacological interventions for individuals with comorbid depression and medical problems, significant methodological problems limit this research. These limitations must be addressed to provide optimal care for those with depression and a chronic medical condition.

scholarly journals Community Health Services: Impact on Geriatrics and Widows

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
I. O. Akpalaba ◽  
F. F. Blackie ◽  
R. U. E. Akpalaba
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Health Services ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
P Value ◽  
Medical Conditions

Introduction: Geriatrics and widows are neglected in the society. Geriatrics are seen as unproductive. Widows, on the other hand, are humiliated traditionally by their husbands’ family members and community. They face surmounting problems which shadow their urge to seek medical attention.  Aim: To determine the burden of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) and medical diseases in Geriatrics and Widows through identification of common ENT and medical conditions in them. Methods: This was a 7months prospective study from September, 2017 to April, 2018. The study centers were Dagomo foundation home for the elderly in Benin City and St. Benedict Catholic Church, Obiaja in Edo central. Total population sampling technique was used. All the elderly and widows who gave consent to the study constituted the sample size. Health talk was given; history taking, Ear, Nose, Throat and general body examinations were done. Data on the disease burden identified were recorded. Those that needed further evaluation and management were referred accordingly. Data was statistically analyzed with SPSS Version 20. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: 50 geriatrics and 67 widows participated. Age ranged 60 – 90 years (mean age of 69.50±7.78years) and 36 – 85years (mean age of 59.61±9.36) for Geriatrics and widows respectively. Geriatrics were 13 males and 37 females while widows were 67. Seventeen (17) different ENT diseases were identified in Geriatrics while 7 ENT conditions and 12 medical conditions were identified in the widows. Predominant ENT diseases were Otitis Media with Effusion (34.9%), Left Cerumen Auris and Otomycosis in similar proportion (20.9%) in Geriatrics. Right Cerumen Auris predominated in widows (65.6%) followed by Left Cerumen auris (50.0%) and Otitis Externa (28.1%). Osteoarthritis was the commonest medical condition (90.6%) in widows. Tests of association were not statistically significant. Conclusion: There is significant burden of Ear, Nose, Throat and medical diseases in the Geriatrics and widows. Recommendations: Government should plan specialist healthcare measures to improve the quality of life of geriatrics and widows. Government should ensure an educational policy to develop age-appropriate training protocols for children and young adults on the challenges associated with aging.

Women’s Health

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa M. Buttner ◽  
Michael W. O'Hara
Keyword(s):  
Medical Condition ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chronic Medical Conditions ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant mental health problem with deleterious effects, including poor health related quality of life and long-term disability. Epidemiological studies suggest that women in particular are more vulnerable to an increased risk of depression, relative to men, beginning at the time of menarche through the menopausal transition. Depression comorbid with chronic medical conditions can often exacerbate the risk of depression, as well as complicate its recognition and treatment. Depression comorbidity can lead to negative outcomes, including progression of the chronic medical condition, poor treatment adherence, and mortality. In this chapter, we explore chronic medical conditions that are associated with a greater prevalence of depression in women relative to men, including type 2 diabetes, fibromyalgia, and rheumatoid arthritis. An overview of epidemiology is followed by a discussion of theories explaining depression comorbidity and approaches to recognizing and treating depression in the context of these chronic medical conditions. Finally, we discuss future research directions with the goal of informing clinical research and practice.

PENGARUH KEBIASAAN MEROKOK DAN POLA MAKAN PASIEN TERHADAP KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI POLIKLINIK RUMAH SAKIT PATAR ASIH LUBUK PAKAM TAHUN 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Juni Mariati Simarmata ◽  
Pitriani . ◽  
Samuel Ginting ◽  
Betti Susanti Tarigan ◽  
Yemima .
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Type ◽  
The One

Hypertension or high blood pressure, sometimes also called arterial hypertension, is a chronic medical condition where the blood pressure in the arteries increases. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of smoking habits and patient diet on the incidence of hypertension in outpatients at the hospital polyclinic Patar Asih Lubuk Pakam in 2020. The research method used a quantitative research design with a quasi experimental type. This research is a pre-experimental design using pre-test and final test. (the one group, pretest and post test design). The results obtained based on the analysis of the Paired T-test obtained p-value = 0.000 <a = 0.05, so the research hypothesis is accepted, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of smoking on the incidence of hypertension in outpatients at Patar Hospital. Asih Year 2020. Conclusion: Smoking habits before the incidence of hypertension, namely "not done" as many as 9 people (30.0%), smoking habits after the incidence of hypertension namely "not done" as many as 22 people (73.3%). Suggestion: It is hoped that this research can add input for further researchers to add research variables.

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