scholarly journals Burnout and Sense of Coherence in Dentistry Students of Karachi

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
Fasiha Moin Kazi ◽  
◽  
Shoaib Ahmed ◽  
Shama Asghar
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Psychiatric Condition ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess burnout and sense of coherence levels in dentistry students of Karachi. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study involving 361 students from four renowned dental colleges in Karachi was carried out. The students were distributed a questionnaire derived from the Mayo Clinic Well-being Index (WBI) and a modified 13-item Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC scale). They were stratified on the basis of gender, age, professional year, institution, relationship status, history of chronic medical condition and history of chronic psychiatric condition. Scores for the WBI and SOC scale were calculated. For the WBI, a score of >4 was a sign that an individual was at risk of developing burnout or other severe outcomes. A high or low total score on the SOC scale demonstrated whether the individual was able to cope with his environment or not. MS Excel and SPSS version 23 were used for data compilation and statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square test of independence was applied to gauge any association between the strata and outcome variables. After determination of statistical difference, Mann Whitney-U Test and Kruskal Wallis Test were applied to compare the means where a significant association was found. A p-value of 0.05 or less was considered significant. RESULTS: The mean WBI score was found to be 4.07. Around 64% respondents were at-risk of burnout (score > 4). A greater percentage of females was at risk (66%) as compared to males (50%). Third professional students were found to be the most affected (77% with WBI score > 4 and 9% in the low coherence category). The mean SOC score was found to be 36.39 (moderate levels of coherence). Overall, around 4-9% of each professional year students exhibited a low sense of coherence. Age, relationship status, institution and a history of chronic medical and/or psychiatric condition were not found to have a significant association with the outcome variables (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: A significant number of dentistry students are at risk of burn-out and suffer from a low sense of coherence. The risk factors need to be evaluated and solutions need to be found to create a healthy and conducive environment for the growth and learning of the students. More research needs to be focused on gathering data related to the well-being of dentistry students. KEYWORDS: Burnout, sense of coherence, well-being index, dentistry.

(Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Banasik ◽  
Dariusz Jemielniak ◽  
Wojciech P?dzich
Keyword(s):  
Medical Condition ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Life Duration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Academic Teachers ◽  
Length Of Life ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND There have been mixed results of the studies checking whether prayers do actually extend the life duration of the people prayed for. Most studies on the topic included a small number of prayers and most of them focused on people already struggling with a medical condition. Intercessory prayer’s influence on health is of scholarly interest, yet it is unclear if its effect may be dependent on the number of prayers for a named individual received per annum. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine if there is a noticeable increased longevity effect of intercessory prayer for a named individual’s well-being, if he receives a very high number of prayers per annum for an extended period. METHODS We retrieved and conducted a statistical analysis of the data about the length of life for 857 Roman Catholic bishops, 500 Catholic priests, and 3038 male academics from the US, France, Italy, Poland, Brazil, and Mexico. We obtained information for these individuals who died between 1988 and 2018 from Wikidata, and conducted an observational cohort study. Bishops were chosen for the study, as they receive millions of individual prayers for well being, according to conservative estimates. RESULTS There was a main effect for occupation F(2, 4391) = 4.07, p = .017, ηp 2 = .002, with pairwise comparisons indicating significant differences between the mean life duration of bishops (M=30489) and of priests (M=29894), but none between the academic teachers (M=30147) and either of the other groups. A comparison analysis between bishops from the largest and the smallest dioceses showed no significant difference t(67.31)=1.61, p = .11. Our main outcome measure is covariance of the mean length of life in each of the categories: bishops, priests, academic teachers, controlled for nationality. CONCLUSIONS The first analysis proved that bishops live longer than priests, but due to a marginal effect size this result should be treated with caution. No difference was found between the mean length of life of bishops from the largest and the smallest dioceses. We found no difference between bishops and male academics. These results show that the impact of intercessory prayers on longevity is not observable.

scholarly journals Depression among Older Adult Prisoners at the Jos Central Prison- North Central Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
CG Piwuna ◽  
TO Piwuna ◽  
N Dami ◽  
MA Bankat ◽  
TM Agbir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adult ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
North Central ◽  
Older Prisoners ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of depression and its correlates among Older Adult Prisoners at the Jos Central Prison, North Central Nigeria. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive chart, conducted at the Jos Central prisons on eighty-six (86) older prisoners between June 2012 to December 2012. Bio-demographic data and history of any chronic medical condition as well as that of psychiatric condition were also obtained from their clinical records in the clinic located within the prison. Depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) on all the volunteers 50 years and above. The GDS measures cognitive, affective, functional state and a factor that reflects helplessness and fear for the future. The study was largely composed of male making up to 99%. The age range was between 50 to 75 years with a mean 54.36 (SD 3.24) with most of them between 50 to 60 years (90%). A quarter (25%) had not received any form of education while 7 out of 10 had received some form of education. Majority of them were employed (skilled or un-skilled employment) before incarceration. Only 2% were unemployed before their incarceration. Those incarcerated for violent crimes (65%) nearly doubled those in prison for non-violent crimes 35%. Occupational status, pre-existing medical conditions and the perception of their health status before incarceration were found to be statistically significant. Type of crimes committed was not statistically significant. Known chronic medical condition(s) was a risk factor in the inmates developing depression (P-value =0.009). In comparing the specific medical conditions with depression, significant findings were found (P-value= 0.003). The study revealed a prevalence of depression at 59% in older prisoners of 50 years and above. The significant predictors of depression include occupational status, pre-exisitng medical conditions, and the perception of their health status before incarceration were found to be statistically significant.

scholarly journals Asthma knowledge, care, and outcome during pregnancy: The QAKCOP study

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 147997231876771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanis H Ibrahim ◽  
Fatima Rasul ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
Abeer S Bajwa ◽  
Laith I Alamlih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Asthma Care ◽  
In Pregnancy

Asthma is the most common chronic medical condition affecting pregnancy. Optimizing asthma management in pregnancy is paramount for the well-being of both the mother and the baby. The primary objectives of this study were to assess patient’s knowledge about asthma, the level of asthma care, and fetal and maternal outcomes among pregnant asthmatic women in this wealthy country with tremendous improvement in maternal and fetal health care. The secondary objective was to identify barriers to asthma control. This was a cross-sectional, face-to-face, prospective study of 80 pregnant women with physician-diagnosed asthma. About 56% of patients reported worsening of their asthma control during pregnancy, of which 52.3% felt this worsening in the third trimester. About 65% of patients had uncontrolled asthma during their pregnancy, and inhaler technique was incorrect in 64.4%. Only 38% of patients knew the difference between controller and reliever asthma medications, 12.7% of patients had received written asthma action plan, 17% had a spirometry done in the previous 5 years, and 3.8% had peak expiratory flow meter at home. The main reasons for uncontrolled asthma were lack of knowledge about right asthma medications in 30% and fear of side effects of inhaled corticosteroids in 19% of patients. No financial reason was reported. Significant associations between total number of pregnancies, poor perception of asthma medications, asthma exacerbation during delivery and poor asthma control were observed. Preeclampsia and congenital anomalies occurred at higher rates than previously reported among general population in this country. The tremendous improvements in maternal health care and socioeconomic status do not seem to be a barrier to the globally recognized poor asthma care in pregnancy. Important strategies are much needed.

scholarly journals A Review and Clinical Understanding of Tenofovir: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate versus Tenofovir Alafenamide

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 232595822091923
Author(s):  
Chanie Wassner ◽  
Nicole Bradley ◽  
Yuman Lee
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Hiv Resistance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tenofovir Alafenamide ◽  
Insight Into

HIV is a serious chronic medical condition. Significant improvements in antiretroviral therapy have led to a transformation in its management. No curative treatment is available for HIV, and lifelong therapy is required with a combination of agents to control viral replication and prevent complications. Some of the older agents are notorious for many side effects, making patient compliance difficult, which is critical to preventing HIV resistance. Tenofovir is one of the newer, more tolerable, nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors on the market; is a mainstay of many antiretroviral therapy combinations; and is now available in 2 different formulations, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and, the more recent, tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). These 2 formulations have very different pharmacokinetics, which seem to affect their efficacy and safety. This manuscript provides insight into the history of TDF and TAF development, their unique pharmacokinetics and pharmacology, clinically important adverse effects, monitoring, interactions, resistance, review of clinical studies, and guideline recommendations and clinical applications for tenofovir’s various indications.

Novel Stimuli for Obtaining Nasalance Measures from Young Children

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Watterson ◽  
Julie Hinton ◽  
Stephen Mcfarlane
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Velopharyngeal Insufficiency ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

The use of novel stimuli for obtaining nasalance measures in young children was the focus of this study. The subjects were 20 children without a history of communication disorders and 20 children at risk for velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). Each subject recited three passages; the standard Zoo Passage, and two novel stimuli that were named the Turtle Passage and the Mouse Passage. Like the Zoo Passage, the Turtle Passage contained no normally nasal consonants. The Mouse Passage was about 11% nasal consonants, which is similar to the Rainbow Passage. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the mean nasalance for the Zoo Passage and the Turtle Passage for either the subjects without risk of VPI (15.4% vs 15.7%) or for those at risk (30.4% vs 28.8%). Nasalance measures for the Mouse Passage were significantly higher than for either the Zoo Passage or the Turtle Passage. Listeners rated the stimuli on a 5-point equal-appearing intervals scale. The correlation coefficient between listener judgments of hypernasality and nasalance was significant for the Zoo Passage (r = 0.70) and for the Turtle Passage (r = 0.51) but not significant for the Mouse Passage (r = 0.32). Using cut-off scores of 22% for nasalance and 2.25 for hypernasality, the sensitivity for the Zoo Passage was 0.72, and for the Turtle Passage, 0.83.

Thyroid Hormone Levels in Panic Disorder*

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram K. Yeragani ◽  
John M. Rainey ◽  
Robert Pohl ◽  
Aurelio Ortiz ◽  
Paula Weinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Trh Stimulation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Controls

A history of thyroid dysfunction has been reported in patients with phobic disorders. There is also evidence of a blunted TSH response to TRH stimulation in patients with panic disorder. In this study, values of T3, T4 and T7 were compared between 26 patients with panic attacks and 20 normal controls. Patients were diagnosed according to DSM-III criteria and those with a clinical history of thyroid dysfunction were excluded. Patients were not on any medication when the blood samples were drawn. The mean values of T3, T4 and T7 did not significantly differ between the two groups, suggesting no evidence of hypo or hyperthyroidism; however, the variance of distribution of T3, T4 and T7 values was significantly different between the two groups (Fmax values for T3: 2.55, p value < 0.05; T4: 3.15, p value < 0.01; T7: 2.55, p value < 0.05).

scholarly journals Body mass index, waist-hip ratio and risk of chronic medical condition in the elderly population: results from the Well-being of the Singapore Elderly (WiSE) Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Restria Fauziana ◽  
Anitha Jeyagurunathan ◽  
Edimansyah Abdin ◽  
Janhavi Vaingankar ◽  
Vathsala Sagayadevan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio

scholarly journals A Multiple Mediation Analysis of the Growth in New Ventures

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (III) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
Iram Afridi ◽  
Arshad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Intelligence Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Academic Scores ◽  
Positive State

The objective of this study was finding the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement. 384 students from secondary and high secondary school participated in this study. A significant relationship was found between academic achievement and Emotional Intelligence with the p-value = 0.01. The mean difference in emotional intelligence score of the students who secured high academic scores were found high. i.e. 58.57 as compared to the mean of emotional intelligence score of the students who secured low academic scores i.e. 56.93. A significant correlation was also found between Emotional Intelligence and academic scores(r=0.130). The results of the study suggest that higher emotional intelligence leads to better educational outcomes. An individual with a high level of Emotional Intelligence could have a strong, stable, and positive state of emotional well-being. Students who have a positive state of emotional wellbeing are more open to new experiences, which research has shown to lead to more learning.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dentists' Practice in Obtaining and Recording Medical and Pharmacological History of Patients in Yazd City in 2020

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Hajimaghsoodi ◽  
Ozra Mohiti ◽  
Shadi Paknejad
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yazd City

Introduction: Dental profession has an ethical and legal responsibility in patient care. A properly maintained patient record is a very important aspect of this patient care. The aim of this study was to evaluate dentists' practice in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history of patients in Yazd City in 2020. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 197 dentists working in Yazd City were selected during the study and their practice in obtaining and recording medical history was evaluated using a valid questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS23 statistical software t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Out of 197 dentists participating in this study, 93 (52.8%) were male and 104 (47.2%) were female. Their mean age was 39.37± 8.36 years and their mean clinical experience was 6.5± 9.25 years. The mean score of dentists' practice in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history was 61.30±4.95 (range 45-72) out of 72 points. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean score of dentists' practice by gender, clinical experience, university of study and degree (P-value>0.05), but there was a statistically significant relationship between dentists' age and their practice score (P-value=0.040). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the mean practice source of dentists in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history of patients was good. The effect of gender, university of study and degree on dentists' practice was not significant. However, with increasing age and experience in dentistry, the practice score of dentists was lower.

Detection Of Antichlamydial Antibody in Patients With Ectopic Pregnancy and Normal Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
Srwa Jamal Murad
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
P Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Aim of the current research is to assess the Chlamydia Trachomatis infection role in the development of early pregnancy complication including ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage in Sulaimanyia Maternity Teaching Hospital. It is a comparative study conducted in Gynecology Clinic and Emergency department of Sulaimanyia Maternity Teaching Hospital during the period from 1st of September 2018 to 31st of March 2019. The study groups included of 70 pregnant women; the first group included 35 ectopic pregnant women and the second group included 35 normal pregnant women that both groups had been selected randomly. Pregnant women with history of ectopic pregnancies, women used intrauterine device, in vitro fertilization, assisted reproduction and history of pelvic surgery. Blood sample (2 ml venous blood) collected to test for antibodies level for Chlamydia Trachomatis by Alegria test system for both studied groups and patients with ectopic pregnancy detected by beta human chorionic gonadotropin and ultrasound scanning. The collected data analyzed by SPSS program and for compare between means of two variables independent sample t-test was used while for comparison of categorical variables Chi square test was used with considering ≤ 0.05 P-value as significant level. The results shows that the mean age of normal pregnancy were (28.3±4.6) group compared with mean age ectopic pregnancy (29.5±4.9) group. The mean IgG (6.3±5.1) of patients with ectopic pregnancy was found to be significantly higher than mean IgG (2.8±1.1) for normal pregnant patients (P-value 0.01) and IgM mean (4.5±2.4) of patients with ectopic pregnancy was significantly higher than mean IgM (1.6±1.2) for normal pregnant patients with P-value 0.01. In conclusion, infection of Chlamydia Trachomatis has a significant relationship with the development of ectopic pregnancy therefor screening and treatment of Chlamydia infection may reduce ectopic pregnancy rate with low cost

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document