PROBLEMS OF CALCULATING THE VALUE ADDED TAX AND THE WAYS TO SOLVE THEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Marina V. Lvova ◽  
Anna L. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
The State ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

This article reveals the main problems that arise when calculating the value added tax. The ways to solve the above-indicated problems are suggested. The concept of value-added tax is considered. The main errors in VAT calculation are revealed: incorrect calculation of the taxable object, unlawful tax deductions. The definition of the concept "paper VAT" is given. The necessary condition for the effective functioning of the tax system is revealed. Tax administration is impossible without a clear and well-functioning work of tax authorities on various levels. One of the main conditions for effective tax administration is inevitability of bringing to tax liability for persons who committed violations of tax legislation. The authors of the article compiled the table that reflects the problems of VAT calculating and the ways to solve them. These measures will make it possible to tighten the control actions of the tax authority and at the same time they will simplify the process of administering the value added tax. All this will make the organization's activities, on the one hand, transparent, and on the other hand, will influence the decline of the shadow economy sector as a whole. The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that in modern conditions, creation of a solid financial system of the state is impossible without the system of effective tax control, which is designed to ensure the financial interests of the state while respecting the rights of taxpayers. VAT is one of the regulators in redistributing public goods and is one of the main and stable sources of the federal budget replenishment. That is why the issues related to the improvement of tax control organization in the field of VAT, the analysis of the effectiveness of the controlling tax authorities' functioning as well as identification of the ways to improve tax control, are very relevant.

scholarly journals Improving Tax Administration of VAT on Timber Export

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 172-185
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Mitusova
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis

The export of timber can be used by unscrupulous taxpayers in illegal schemes to reimburse VAT from the budget to obtain an unjustified tax benefit by overstating the amount of tax deductions, which confirms the relevance of the research. The subject of the paper is the economic relations between the exporting country and the importer of goods, works or services and their impact on VAT taxation. The aim of the study is to identify the vulnerabilities of the current tax legislation in the field of value-added tax reimbursement and analyze the improvement and optimization of the mechanism for administering value-added tax to ensure national economic security and preserve federal budget revenues as a result of reducing the amount of budget funds reimbursed to taxpayers. The author applies such methods as abstract-logical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. As a result, the study reveals the problems of illegal VAT refunds in the export of timber associated with the use of new methods by taxpayers to minimize tax liabilities and the complication of the form of contractual relations. The author makes a conclusion about a possible solution to the problems of tax administration when taxpayers carry out export operations with exported products, using the experience of the functioning of the Charter of the agro-industrial complex. The novelty of the study lies in the proposal to adopt a ban on multi-stage sales and purchases by the tax authority as the basis for regulating the export of products outside the territory of the EAEU. This will exclude artificial price increases. The results obtained can be used in the further development of the tax administration system, in the analytical work of state bodies authorized to control and supervise taxes and fees.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF FINANCIAL AND TAX ACCOUNTING OF TRANSACTIONS ON DEBT CONVERSION

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 312-321
Author(s):  
D. Yu. Poroshin ◽  
N. Yu. Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Economic Studies ◽  
Tax Accounting

The article deals with peculiarities of conducting forensic economic studies connected with collecting income tax and value added tax as well as the order for recording debt conversion in financial accounting. It discusses methods that are used while conducting the studies, lists the relevant articles of normative acts that regulate the order of recording debt conversion transactions in financial accounting. It also considers a number ofpossible situations for debt conversion transactions, the order of recording them in financial accounting and tax consequences of these transactions. Having analyzed the requirements of the tax legislation, the article claims that debt conversion transactions constitute an object exempt of income tax and vale added tax because: such transactions cannot be classified as obtaining income and do not constitute trade in debt obligations; the transfer of credit debt of one debtor to another is still a liability and not a commodity (work or service); such transactions do not conform with any definition of transactions for the supply of goods, services or factoring.

Value Added Tax and Fiscal Federalism in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-170
Author(s):  
Wollela Abehodie Yesegat ◽  
Richard Krever
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Design Feature ◽  
The State ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Legal Form

Crucial to the success of any federal state is the fiscal viability of the central government and component federal states. A feature common to most federal systems is the collection of greater revenues by the central government and reliance by states on transfers from the central government in addition to locally imposed taxes to fund budget expenditures. As is the case in many other federal jurisdictions, in Ethiopia the value added tax (VAT), a tax levied on business sales but ultimately borne by consumers, is an important source of central government revenue. As is also the case in many federal jurisdictions, an assignment of a portion of central government VAT revenues to states is one of the main sources of transfer payments by the central government to state governments in Ethiopia. However, the Ethiopian version of fiscal federalism differs significantly from that found in most other jurisdictions in three key design features – the division between the central and state governments of responsibilities to administer the VAT, the basis on which VAT revenues are divided between the central government and the state governments, and a peculiar design feature that results in tax collections by one state government to be offset by tax reductions suffered by another state government. All three features are cause for concern. The division of administrative responsibility undermines the goal of comprehensive uniform tax administration. The basis for division of tax revenues, a distinction built on the legal form of businesses, leads to assignments of VAT revenue unrelated to fiscal needs. And, most importantly, the odd design feature – the assignment of revenues from the VAT, intended to be a tax on consumers, to the state in which the seller is located rather than the state of the buyer – results in effective cross subsidies when businesses located in wealthier states sell goods and services to businesses operating in poorer states. This article provides a history of the Ethiopian regime and explores how the unique features of the Ethiopian fiscal federalism system arose. It suggests a system that divides revenue on the basis of a fiscal equalisation formula that divides VAT revenues on the basis of relative budget needs of states or a system that allocates revenue to the state in which the customer is located would yield a fairer outcome than the current system. It concludes with modernisation of the tax administration coupled with the adoption of a fiscal equalisation formula for distributing VAT revenues and a generous transitional system for transition to this regime would yield the optimal path going forward.

scholarly journals Tax Administration of VAT: Impact of Changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 14001
Author(s):  
O.L. Mikhaleva ◽  
K.S. Pavlova ◽  
V.S. Charikov ◽  
D.V. Aseev
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Collection Rate ◽  
The Impact

The relevance of the issue examined is stipulated by the results of the conducted study of the term “tax administration” and analysis of the impact of changes in tax administration of value added tax (VAT). The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of changes in tax administration on VAT efficiency and collection rate. Within the context of digital economy, the state implements measures to digitize VAT tax control in order to reduce its own tax risks. The solution of this issue is the development of tax administration using digital technologies. A study has been conducted in order to assess impact of changes in the tax administration on VAT efficiency and collection rate.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE MECHANISM OF COLLECTING CERTAIN TAXES IN UKRAINE AS MEASURES FOR THE EUROPEAN MODERNIZATION: LEGAL ASPECT

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Holovko ◽  
Tetyana Kaganovska ◽  
Galina Rossіhіna
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Taxation System

The aim of the article is to study the methodological and theoretical principles of improving the legal regulation of the taxation system in Ukraine in the European integration context. Determination of the doctrinal basis for the implementation of the tax function of the state and its legal consolidation from the standpoint of the fundamental principles of the law allows carrying out a comparative legal analysis of taxation in the developed countries of Europe and the world (particularly indirect one). Methodology. The research is based on the theoretical and legal substantiation of the social content of tax activities in the state, and it is also based on the understanding of the dialectical relationship between tax processes and the functioning of social and legal systems in general. A systematic analysis of the tax activity of the state in the context of humanism, justice, freedom, equality, rule of law is carried out. On this basis, the legal nature of the regulation of the value-added tax is revealed. Results. The basic theoretical and legal bases of measures on improvement of the taxation system are determined as a result of the study from the position of its legitimation among citizens and stimulation of their purchasing power and development of productive forces of the Ukrainian economy. Practical impact. The definition of directions for perfection and humanization of tax legislation in Ukraine allows making a conclusion about the volume of the tax burden on the consumer and proposing optimal rates of value-added tax rates.

IMPROVEMENT OF VALUE ADDED TAX ADMINISTRATION -FACTOR IN MAINTAINING SUSTAINABILITY OF THE STATE BUDGET INCOME

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Mirzohid Kamilov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Foreign Countries

In this article the directions for improvement of value added tax administration based on the experience of foreign countries are studied. Besides, problems at administration of the tax to the added cost in Uzbekistan have been revealed and scientific offers and recommendations for their decision are developed

scholarly journals ELECTRONIC ADMINISTRATION OF VALUE ADDED TAX: LEGAL ASPECT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrii Lohvyn
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
The One ◽  
Electronic Administration

The author of the article explores the legal aspect of the system of electronic administration of value added tax, in particular, the legal regulation of some issues of electronic accounts (operations on them). The development of modern information technologies and their wide implementation in the mechanisms of state (power) management contributes to the emergence of new economic and legal relations, including those regarding taxes and fees. The mentioned above applies to the administration of value added tax. At the same time, one of the mandatory structural features of the state is the taxation system because one of the goals of state regulation is the system of taxes and fees administration, within which, on the one hand, the collected taxes should be sufficient to ensure the fulfillment of tasks and to perform the functions facing the state, and on the other hand, the burden of the tax procedure should not be excessive for a taxpayer. In turn, the main legal issues of the tax sphere mainly involve determining and effective ensuring the limits of freedom and necessity in the behavior of tax entities through relevant legal, legislative norms, in the protection of property rights of individual payers and public interests that are implemented in the financial and tax activities of the state. A sufficiently wide attention has been paid to this process since the introduction of the electronic administration of value added tax. Thus, there arises a need for further scientific research into the introduction of electronic administration of value added tax, especially its legal regulation, including the operations with electronic accounts. The article analyzes the current state of regulatory consolidation of the procedure for the operation of electronic accounts, in particular, those related to transactions on their replenishment (receipt of funds) and return of overpaid funds, as well as the impact of such transactions on the registration limit. This made it possible to identify problematic issues of a legal nature, which lead to a violation of balance in relations between a taxpayer and the budget system, to find the ways to solve them and draw scientifically based conclusions on the outlined problems.

scholarly journals Tax risk zones and the specifics of tax offenses in Russia and France for VAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-177
Author(s):  
Pierre Tifin ◽  
Irina I. Ogorodnikova ◽  
Alexander A. Stepanov
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
A Value ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Financial Consequences ◽  
Risk Zones ◽  
Internal And External Factors

The predominance of indirect taxation in the formation of Federal budget revenues in the Russian Federation is largely due to the introduction of a value-added tax in 1992. By 2019, the share of VAT in the consolidated budget is about 20 %. But the realities of modern taxation are still associated with tax risks. Tax risk analysis is related to the study of negative financial consequences for both the state and taxpayers, which in turn is due to a number of internal and external factors. Value-added tax in many countries of the world occupies an absolute leading position and is budget-forming, and VAT evasion is fraught both for the country’s economy and budget filling. Digitalization of the tax administration process and the use of IT technologies allowed to increase the revenue of the value added tax, but at the same time failed to eliminate tax violations that occur during its calculation and collection. The introduction of digital tax administration technologies strengthens the state’s position in the field of tax control. Setting the VAT rate from 2019 to 20% as an indirect tax resulted in an increase in the tax burden and did not eliminate the problems that arise with tax offenses in the calculation and collection of tax. This aspect is typical for all countries that apply value-added tax in their tax system. The purpose of this work is to identify the causes of VAT evasion, as well as typical violations in its calculation and collection. Studying, including foreign experience, and adapting it to Russian realities will reduce the tax risks of repeated occurrence of tax offenses and in the future will prevent the fact of tax evasion and minimization, which will be an element of scientific novelty.

The Political Theory of the Disruption

1916 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold J. Laski
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Secular Society ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Principles ◽  
The Church

“Of political principles,” says a distinguished authority, “whether they be those of order or of freedom, we must seek in religious and quasi-theological writings for the highest and most notable expressions.” No one, in truth, will deny the accuracy of this claim for those ages before the Reformation transferred the centre of political authority from church to state. What is too rarely realised is the modernism of those writings in all save form. Just as the medieval state had to fight hard for relief from ecclesiastical trammels, so does its modern exclusiveness throw the burden of a kindred struggle upon its erstwhile rival. The church, intelligibly enough, is compelled to seek the protection of its liberties lest it become no more than the religious department of an otherwise secular society. The main problem, in fact, for the political theorist is still that which lies at the root of medieval conflict. What is the definition of sovereignty? Shall the nature and personality of those groups of which the state is so formidably one be regarded as in its gift to define? Can the state tolerate alongside itself churches which avow themselves societates perfectae, claiming exemption from its jurisdiction even when, as often enough, they traverse the field over which it ploughs? Is the state but one of many, or are those many but parts of itself, the one?

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