scholarly journals Multimodality diagnosis of cardiac involvement in COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Anca Balinisteanu ◽  
Hayat Memis ◽  
Gratiela Postulache-Cosmulescu ◽  
Diana Mihalcea ◽  
Sorina Mihaila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
And Function

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), exhibits a wide spectrum of manifestations, from asymptomatic presentations to acute respiratory failure, myocardial injury, arterial or venous thrombosis, multiorgan failure, and death. Although COVID-19 mainly disrupts the respiratory syndrome, it has been shown to have detrimental impact on cardiac morphology and function, resulting in a broad range of cardiovascular complications and poor outcome, increasing morbidity and mortality of these patients. This review will summarize the knowledge on characterization of myocardial injury in COVID 19, by using cardiac biomarkers, electrocardiographic, and cardiac multi-modality imaging findings for an early and accurate diagnosis, proper management, correct treatment, and follow-up of COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Acute and Chronic Effects of COVID-19 on the Cardiovascular System

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Victor Arévalos ◽  
Luis Ortega-Paz ◽  
Juan José Rodríguez-Arias ◽  
Margarita Calvo López ◽  
Leticia Castrillo-Golvano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Acute And Chronic Effects

COVID-19 has shown significant morbidity with the involvement of multiple systems, including the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular manifestations in the acute phase can include myocardial injury itself, myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolic events, myocarditis, Takotsubo syndrome, and different arrhythmic events. Myocardial injury defined by the rise of cardiac biomarkers in blood has been found in multiple studies with a prevalence of about 20%. Its presence is related to worse clinical outcomes and in-hospital mortality. The mechanisms of myocardial injury have been the subject of intense research but still need to be clarified. The characterization of the cardiac affectation with echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance has found mixed results in different studies, with a striking incidence of imaging criteria for myocarditis. Regarding post-acute and chronic follow-up results, the persistence of symptoms and imaging changes in recovered COVID-19 patients has raised concerns about the duration and the possible significance of these findings. Even though the knowledge about this disease has increased incredibly in the last year, many aspects are still unclear and warrant further research.

scholarly journals Roles of the novel coiled-coil protein Rng10 in septum formation during fission yeast cytokinesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (16) ◽  
pp. 2528-2541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajun Liu ◽  
I-Ju Lee ◽  
Mingzhai Sun ◽  
Casey A. Lower ◽  
Kurt W. Runge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Rho Gtpases ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Affinity Purification ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Septum Formation ◽  
Division Site ◽  
And Function

Rho GAPs are important regulators of Rho GTPases, which are involved in various steps of cytokinesis and other processes. However, regulation of Rho-GAP cellular localization and function is not fully understood. Here we report the characterization of a novel coiled-coil protein Rng10 and its relationship with the Rho-GAP Rga7 in fission yeast. Both rng10Δ and rga7Δ result in defective septum and cell lysis during cytokinesis. Rng10 and Rga7 colocalize on the plasma membrane at the cell tips during interphase and at the division site during cell division. Rng10 physically interacts with Rga7 in affinity purification and coimmunoprecipitation. Of interest, Rga7 localization is nearly abolished without Rng10. Moreover, Rng10 and Rga7 work together to regulate the accumulation and dynamics of glucan synthases for successful septum formation in cytokinesis. Our results show that cellular localization and function of the Rho-GAP Rga7 are regulated by a novel protein, Rng10, during cytokinesis in fission yeast.

Carfilzomib: A Tale of a Heartbreaking Moment: Case Report and Concise Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Serra ◽  
A. Fantin ◽  
C. Longo ◽  
G. Rabia ◽  
F. De Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Cardiovascular Adverse Event ◽  
Baseline Evaluation ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Monitoring Protocols ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: Carfilzomib, a proteasome inhibitor, known as a therapeutical option for people who have already received one or more previous treatments for multiple myeloma, has well known cardiac and systemic adverse effects. Objective: There is evidence supporting that adverse effects are dose dependent, yet there is no known patient phenotype characterized by worse associated consequences, nor are there widely accepted monitoring protocols. Results: In this article we describe two patients with cardiovascular adverse events related to carfilzomib treatment and their clinical course. Our goal was to present two cases of daily practice, which highlighted the complexity of their management and led to underline how baseline evaluation and close follow-up with echocardiography and cardiac biomarkers, including natriuretic peptides, remain an important tool for the cardiotoxicity surveillance. Conclusion: These reflections should lead to further studies in order to identify high risk patients for cardiovascular adverse event and clarify the real incidence of cardiotoxicity of this drug and adequate follow-up timing. Finally further research is needed to evaluate strategies for prevention and attenuation of cardiovascular complications of cancer therapy.

Neurologic, Psychiatric, and Cardiovascular Complications in Children Struck by Lightning

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-192
Author(s):  
Suresh Kotagal ◽  
C. A. Rawlings ◽  
Su-chiung Chen ◽  
Garrett Burris ◽  
Soraya Nouri
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Inappropriate Secretion ◽  
Sensory Disturbances ◽  
Lightning Injury ◽  
Monitoring Devices ◽  
Recovery Of Consciousness

The neurologic changes following lightning injury include coma with cerebral edema, inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), seizures, cerebellar ataxia, and painful sensory disturbances. Deteriorating neurologic status may warrant the use of intracranial pressure monitoring devices. Myocardial injury and transient hypertension are generally evident at the onset. Monitoring of the cardiac rhythm may be needed for as long as a week for late onset arrythmia. Abnormalities of memory, mood, and affect noted on recovery of consciousness may persist for months, necessitating close psychiatric and neurologic follow-up.

scholarly journals Characterization of SARS CoV-2 Antibodies in Breast Milk from 21 Women with Confirmed COVID-19 Infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Bode ◽  
Kerri Bertrand ◽  
Julia A Najera ◽  
Annalee Furst ◽  
Gordon Honerkamp-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Protein Microarray ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The University ◽  
Infants And Young Children

One potential mechanism for protection from SARS-CoV-2 in infants and young children is through passive immunity via breast milk from a mother previously infected with the novel coronavirus. The primary objectives of this study were to establish the presence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgA and IgG and to characterize the specific antigenic regions of SARS-CoV-2 proteins that were reactive with antibodies in breast milk from women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Between March 2020 and September 2020, 21 women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled into Mommys Milk at the University of California, San Diego. Women donated serial breast milk samples. Breast milk samples were used to probe a multi-coronavirus protein microarray containing full-length proteins and variable length overlapping fragments of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N), and open reading frame (ORF) proteins. The breast milk samples contained IgA reactive with a variety of SARS-CoV-2 antigens. The most IgA-reactive SARS-CoV-2 proteins were N (42.9% of women responded to ≥1 N fragment) and S proteins (23.9% of women responded to ≥1 fragment of S1 or S2). Overall, individual COVID-19 cases had diverse and unique milk IgA profiles over the course of follow-up since onset of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms.

scholarly journals Beyond classic editing: innovative CRISPR approaches for functional studies of long non-coding RNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahlia A Awwad
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Rna Targeting ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
And Function ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) makeup a considerable part of the non-coding human genome and had been well-established as crucial players in an array of biological processes. In spite of their abundance and versatile roles, their functional characteristics remain largely undiscovered mainly due to the lack of suitable genetic manipulation tools. The emerging CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been widely adapted in several studies that aim to screen and identify novel lncRNAs as well as interrogate the functional properties of specific lncRNAs. However, the complexity of lncRNAs genes and the regulatory mechanisms that govern their transcription, as well as their unique functionality pose several limitations the utilization of classic CRISPR methods in lncRNAs functional studies. Here, we overview the unique characteristics of lncRNAs transcription and function and the suitability of the CRISPR toolbox for applications in functional characterization of lncRNAs. We discuss some of the novel variations to the classic CRISPR/Cas9 system that have been tailored and applied previously to study several aspects of lncRNAs functionality. Finally, we share perspectives on the potential applications of various CRISPR systems, including RNA-targeting, in the direct editing and manipulation of lncRNAs.

scholarly journals Intramural Hematoma as Unexpected Complication of COVID-19 Infection

Aorta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 074-075
Author(s):  
Francesca Terzi ◽  
Mariano Cefarelli ◽  
Rossella Fattori ◽  
Marco Di Eusanio
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Intramural Hematoma ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Acute Aortic Syndrome ◽  
Patient Death ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Aortic Intramural Hematoma

AbstractNovel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an ominous infectious disease that seems capable to attack any organ system, leading in the most severe cases to patient death. COVID-19 has been associated with multiple cardiovascular complications of inflammatory and immune origin, leading to a wide spectrum of vascular damage, myocardial injury, stroke, and pulmonary obstruction. We report the case of a patient with COVID-19 infection who developed an acute aortic syndrome with the characteristics of aortic intramural hematoma.

scholarly journals Total NT-proBNP, a novel biomarker in atrial fibrillation. A mechanistic analysis of the GISSI-AF trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Staszewsky ◽  
Jennifer Meessen ◽  
Deborah Novelli ◽  
Ulla Wienhues-Thelen ◽  
Marcello Disertori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Circulating Biomarkers ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
Af Recurrence

AbstractObjective(1) to test the association with prevalent and incident atrial fibrillation (AF), and prognosis of total N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (total NT-proBNP) and of a panel of biomarkers; (2) to assess iwhether the extent of glycosylation affects the relation of NT-proBNP with AF.MethodsIn a sub-study of the GISSI-AF trial on 382 patients in sinus rhythm with a history of AF, echocardiographic variables and eight circulating biomarkers were serially assayed over one year. The relations between circulating baseline biomarkers and AF and the risk of CV events, were assessed by Cox-analysis models adjusting the first by clinical variables, the second by clinical variables and the echocardiographic left-atrial-minimum-volume-index (LAVImin).ResultsOver a median follow-up of 365 days, 203/382 patients (53.1%) had at least one recurrence of AF and 16.3% were hospitalized for cardiovascular (CV) reasons. Total NT-proBNP, NT-proBNP, angiopoietin 2 (Ang2), myosin binding protein (MyBPC3) and bone morphogenic protein-10 (BMP-10) were strongly associated to ongoing AF. Natriuretic peptides and MyBPC3 predicted recurrent AF but this lost significance after adjustment for LAVImin. NT-proBNP and Ang2 predicted CV hospitalization even after adjustment for LAVImin, HR95%CI: 2.20 [1.02-4.80] and 5.26 [1.16-23.79].ConclusionsThe association of AF recurrence with the novel biomarker total NT-proBNP, is similar to that of NT-proBNP, suggesting no influence of glycosylation. Ang2, MyBPC3 and BMP10 were strongly associated with AF, indicating a possible role of extracellular matrix and myocardial injury. Abstract-words=233Key messagesWhat is already known on this subject?It is still complicated to predict the recurrence of AF in patients in sinus rhythm with a recent history of AF. Though several biomarkers have been associated with AF, few of them have proved to be independent predictors for recurrent AF or cardiovascular (CV) events. Their predictive sensitivity and specificity is modest at best. Previous studies showed that NT-proBNP was possibly the strongest predictor of recurrent AF and CV hospitalization. Natriuretic peptides circulate to a large extent as glycosylated molecules and a novel assay is now available to measure the glycosylated and non-glycosylated NT-proBNP in plasma, the total NT-proBNP. The extent of glycosylation varies in different diseases.What might this study add?No studies have assessed (a) the extent of NT-proBNP glycosylation in AF, or (b) the association and predictive value in patients with AF of total NT-proBNP. A multimarker approach, ratter than one based on a single biomarker, might predict AF better.The relation with AF of the novel biomarker, total NT-proBNP, is as strong as that of NT-proBNP, suggesting no-influence of glycosylation.Two biomarkers, MyBPC3, secreted few minutes after myocardial injury and Ang-2, involved in inflammation and coagulation, were strongly associated to AF.How might this impact on clinical practice?The identification of novel circulating biomarkers could have a direct impact on clinical practice when predicting the occurrence of AF, but unfortunately current data do not allow predictions based on biomarkers.The associations of different biomarkers with ongoing AF may cast light on the mechanisms of triggering and maintenance of AF.Strengths and limitations of this studyThe data came from to a multicenter randomized clinical trial with available concomitant serial echocardiographic and circulating biomarkers recorded and evaluated centrally, hence with minimal bias; AF recurrence during a 12-month follow up was checked weekly by trans-telephonic electrocardiographic monitoring, and with 12-lead ECG every six months.A comparative analysis of total NT-proBNP with other novel biomarkers and echocardiographic variables has never been done so far. The possible added value of total NT-proBNP to the benchmark biomarker NT-proBNP was assessed on the basis of different dimensions of performance, as recently proposed for new biomarkers. The main limitations are (1) the relatively small numbers of patients with AF during follow-up visits, (2) the very low prevalence of patients with other cardiac diseases such as coronary artery disease and heart failure, and (3) consequently, the low incidence of clinical events in one-year follow-up.

scholarly journals Micro/Nanoscale Tribological and Mechanical Investigation of the Articular Surfaces of Katydid Leg Joints: Potential for the Novel Bioinspired Lubrication Systems

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 1117-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Kyun Oh ◽  
Cengiz Yegin ◽  
Mustafa Akbulut
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Periodic Patterns ◽  
Real Area Of Contact ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Mechanical Investigation ◽  
Micromechanical Systems ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACTInsects are recognized with their ability to efficiently move, operate, and function, and hence are inspiration for the design of micromechanical systems. This work deals with the structural, mechanical, and frictional characterization of the leg joint articulations of the katydid (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). For the katydids, the tibia joints were found to show a nanosmooth texture while the femur joint had a micro/nanotextured surface characteristics. The nanotexture was a two-tone periodic patterns with the hierarchical structures involving cylindrical ridges that are covered with nanoscale lamellar patterns perpendicular to the long axis and valleys between ridges that are decorated with the hillock patterns. The tibia and femur contact regions showed the reduced elastic modulus (Er) values ranging from 0.88 ± 0.01 GPa to 3.90 ± 0.11 GPa. The friction coefficient (μ) value of 0.053 ± 0.001 was recorded for the sliding contact of the tibia joint against the femur joint in air under dry conditions. The low friction values are attributed to the reduced real area of contact between the joint pair due to the coupling of the nanosmooth surfaces against the hierarchically nanotextured surfaces.

scholarly journals Approach to Acute Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19 Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren S. Ranard ◽  
Justin A. Fried ◽  
Marwah Abdalla ◽  
D. Edmund Anstey ◽  
Raymond C. Givens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Circulatory Support ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Circulatory Support ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Acute Mechanical Circulatory Support

The novel coronavirus disease 2019, otherwise known as COVID-19, is a global pandemic with primary respiratory manifestations in those who are symptomatic. It has spread to >187 countries with a rapidly growing number of affected patients. Underlying cardiovascular disease is associated with more severe manifestations of COVID-19 and higher rates of mortality. COVID-19 can have both primary (arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and myocarditis) and secondary (myocardial injury/biomarker elevation and heart failure) cardiac involvement. In severe cases, profound circulatory failure can result. This review discusses the presentation and management of patients with severe cardiac complications of COVID-19 disease, with an emphasis on a Heart-Lung team approach in patient management. Furthermore, it focuses on the use of and indications for acute mechanical circulatory support in cardiogenic and/or mixed shock.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document