scholarly journals REFRAMING DEVELOPMENT: GLOBAL PEASANT MOVEMENTS AND THE NEW AGRARIAN QUESTION

REVISTA NERA ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Philip McMichael
Keyword(s):  
Agrarian Question ◽  
Peasant Movements ◽  
Agrarian Movement ◽  
The Way

This paper criticizes the conventional conception of the agrarian question and argues that the way the “agrarian question” is traditionally understood should be revised. The role played by the agrarian movement, especially transnational agrarian movements such as the Vía Campesina, is underscored.

Women’s Liberation and the Agrarian Question: Insights from Peasant Movements in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-40
Author(s):  
Archana Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Class Consciousness ◽  
Land Reforms ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
The Third ◽  
Peasant Movements ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Relationship

This article explores some questions arising from recent debates on patriarchy and capitalism. The focus is on the role of women in communist-led peasant movements in India and the implications of such struggles on the project of women’s emancipation. The first section lays out a framework for discussing the interface between class consciousness and the anti-patriarchal project, whereby patriarchy is located within the structural contradictions arising out of the contestations within the process of accumulation. The second section documents the historical context, focusing on the relationship between land reforms and social transformation in semi-feudal and early capitalist contexts, and analyzes the extent to which communist-led struggles are anti-patriarchal in character. The third section turns to the participation of women in the contemporary struggles of both agricultural workers and peasant movements and underlines the new emerging dialectics between women’s and peasant organizations under a neoliberal state and with deepening agrarian distress.

The Contemporary Significance of Primitive Accumulation∗

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Negi ◽  
Marc Auerbach
Keyword(s):  
Social Effects ◽  
The Political ◽  
Primitive Accumulation ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
Accumulation By Dispossession ◽  
The Social ◽  
Agricultural Households ◽  
The Way

The emerging body of literature on accumulation by dispossession (ABD) sharpens the political edge of the critique of contemporary capitalism. While this is welcome, there are also reasons for concern about the way ABD has been taken up. This is so, because the processes at the heart of Marx's enunciations of primitive accumulation are widely considered passé or are subsumed within the broadened conception of ABD. It matters because the separation of agricultural households from land is an ongoing and central reality of our times, and the social effects have been disastrous. Achieving greater clarity around primitive accumulation and the constellation of issues associated with the agrarian question, then, is of more than passing importance. This article argues that radical geographers should return to the land to undertake an open and materialist engagement with contemporary processes of primitive accumulation.

scholarly journals El debate sobre el latifundio en la Argentina de entreguerras

2019 ◽  
pp. 131-159
Author(s):  
Roy Hora
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
The Public ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
Land Tenancy ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

This article analyses the agrarian debate in Argentina during the interwar period. Beginning in 1912, times of hardship for grain growers made agrarian conflict a recurrent feature in the Pampean cereal belt. As a result, large estates became the target of much criticism, both in the countryside and the city. This article explores changes in the way rural problems were depicted and discussed, focusing on the climate of ideas and the public mood rather than how individual authors analysed the agrarian question. A look at how the right and the left addressed rural issues also suggests that their contribution was of little significance. Finally, the article explores why the reformist consensus achieved during this period failed to transform the land tenancy structure.

scholarly journals Development Models for the Brazilian Countryside

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Bernardo Mançano Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Development Models ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
Peasant Movements ◽  
Brazilian State ◽  
Support Family

Problems of land use and ownership result from the inequalities caused by the hegemonic form of capitalism, agribusiness. A possible alternative model has yet to be worked out, and there is a fundamental need to reflect on the struggle against the hegemony of capitalism and how to safeguard the interests of the peasantry. From this perspective, the agrarian question should be considered as a conflict between those favoring the interests of the peasantry and family farming and those favoring agribusiness. A paradigmatic debate about the roles of the Brazilian state, agribusiness, and the peasant movements in formulating public policy shows that the potential for the peasantry to grow food is threatened by the concentration of power, landownership, capital, technology, and wealth. Unless there is a change in the development model, the prospect is increasing inequality. The experiment with having two government ministries for agriculture is an important step in the shaping of policies to support family farming. Os problemas com uso e propriedade da terra são resultados das desigualdades causadas pelo modelo capitalista hegemônico denominado agronegócio. Um possível modelo alternativo está sendo gestado e há necessidade de refletir sobre a luta contra a hegemonia do capitalismo e como salvaguardar os interesses dos camponeses. A partir desta perspectiva, a questão agrária deve ser considerada como conflitualidade permanente entre os interesses dos camponeses ou agricultura familiar e os interesses do agronegócio. O debate paradigmático contribui para compreender o papel do Estado brasileiro, do agronegócio e dos movimentos camponeses na formulação de políticas públicas. Também mostra que as possibilidades de criação de um modelo de desenvolvimento do campesinato está ameaçado pela concentração de poder, propriedade da terra, capital, tecnologia e riqueza nas mãos do agronegócio. Se não houver uma mudança com a criação de um modelo de desenvolvimento voltado aos interesses da agricultura camponesa, a perspectiva é de aumento da desigualdade. A experiência de ter dois ministérios para a agricultura é condição fundamental na definição de políticas de apoio à agricultura camponesa e familiar.

scholarly journals AGRARIAN MOVEMENT IN SARANSK COUNTY IN OCTOBER-NOVEMBER 1917

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Kistanov
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Central State ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Agrarian Movement ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Peasant Revolt ◽  
The Village

Introduction. The study of the agrarian movement on the eve of the establishment of Soviet power in the regions of Russia is important in the light of determining the role of the peasantry in the process of coming into power of the Bolsheviks. It quite clearly demonstrates the polarization of social forces in the Russian village on the eve of the decisive events of the great Russian revolution in 1917, Therefore, the growth of the agrarian movement in the country during the period under review evidence of the crisis caused by the absence of a decision by the authorities of the agrarian question that occupies a prominent place in Russian social and political consciousness of the early twentieth century. Materials and Methods. The study uses the materials of the Central state archive of the Republic of Mordovia, as well as scientific literature. The main method of research used in the work is historical-genetic. A micro-historical approach is also used for a more detailed insight into the subject of the study. Results. The article deals with the direction of agricultural movement in the Saransk district through the prism of confrontation between the rich and poor parts of the village. It notes the main purpose of the agrarian-peasant movement: the landlords, the kulaks, the farmers. Forms of the agrarian movement directed against “the high society” of village are considered, and also the property damage caused to owners is stated. The study notes that the peasantry dissatisfied with the protracted solution of the agricultural issue by the Provisional government has moved to radical methods of “black redistribution”. The wealthy part of the village in these conditions was without protection from the district authorities which by the autumn in 1917 did not have any power or authority among the local population, which predetermined the success of peasant actions against “the high society”. Discussion and Conclusion. As a result of the conducted research the circle of victims in the period of “peasant revolt” in autumn 1917 in the territory of Saransk district of Penza province is revealed. Forms of influence in relation to each category of rural owners are defined. Also it notes the hopelessness of the situation of “the high society” of village against the background of the crisis of local authorities on the eve of the establishment of Soviet power.

Self-sacrifice for in-group's history: A diachronic perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Babińska ◽  
Michal Bilewicz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
Reciprocal Process ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe problem of extended fusion and identification can be approached from a diachronic perspective. Based on our own research, as well as findings from the fields of social, political, and clinical psychology, we argue that the way contemporary emotional events shape local fusion is similar to the way in which historical experiences shape extended fusion. We propose a reciprocal process in which historical events shape contemporary identities, whereas contemporary identities shape interpretations of past traumas.

What is the purpose of cognition?

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aba Szollosi ◽  
Ben R. Newell
Keyword(s):  
Infinite Number ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
The Way

Abstract The purpose of human cognition depends on the problem people try to solve. Defining the purpose is difficult, because people seem capable of representing problems in an infinite number of ways. The way in which the function of cognition develops needs to be central to our theories.

Peculiarity Parameters

1976 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 233-254
Author(s):  
H. M. Maitzen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
Rotator Model ◽  
Peculiar Behaviour ◽  
Field Spectrum ◽  
Oblique Rotator ◽  
Ap Stars ◽  
The Way

Ap stars are peculiar in many aspects. During this century astronomers have been trying to collect data about these and have found a confusing variety of peculiar behaviour even from star to star that Struve stated in 1942 that at least we know that these phenomena are not supernatural. A real push to start deeper theoretical work on Ap stars was given by an additional observational evidence, namely the discovery of magnetic fields on these stars by Babcock (1947). This originated the concept that magnetic fields are the cause for spectroscopic and photometric peculiarities. Great leaps for the astronomical mankind were the Oblique Rotator model by Stibbs (1950) and Deutsch (1954), which by the way provided mathematical tools for the later handling pulsar geometries, anti the discovery of phase coincidence of the extrema of magnetic field, spectrum and photometric variations (e.g. Jarzebowski, 1960).

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