scholarly journals Street Tree Inventory of Campinas, Brazil: An Instrument for Urban Forestry Management and Planning

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan André Alvarez ◽  
Bruna Cristina Gallo ◽  
Edlene Aparecida Monteiro Garçon ◽  
Osvaldo Tadatomo Oshiro
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Forestry Management ◽  
Tree Inventory ◽  
Street Tree

Campinas Metropolitan Region is the third richest city in Brazil. This study assesses the urban street trees of Campinas based on data from a survey performed using satellite images in the year 2011. All public domain trees in the street system were counted and separated into trees, shrubs, palm trees, and seedlings. The density of trees was obtained using the images census and expressed as trees per linear kilometer for the perimeter of the block. The number of trees per linear kilometer was grouped into nine classes of different densities for data validation. The final number of trees was estimated based on the validation’s results. The Gini coefficient shows that the number of trees per person is very irregular in city neighborhoods (i.e., Campinas has a fairer income distribution than street trees distribution). There is a lower density of trees in the downtown area, due to the high concentration of population, and in more peripheral neighborhoods, due to the lack of design planning. The results obtained here may be used to support a new setting of local priorities for planting actions aimed at urban forestry management.

scholarly journals Mobile Terrestrial Photogrammetry for Street Tree Mapping and Measurements

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 701 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Roberts ◽  
Andrew Koeser ◽  
Amr Abd-Elrahman ◽  
Benjamin Wilkinson ◽  
Gail Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Tree Management ◽  
Tree Inventory ◽  
Street Tree ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Urban Sites

Urban forests are often heavily populated by street trees along right-of-ways (ROW), and monitoring efforts can enhance municipal tree management. Terrestrial photogrammetric techniques have been used to measure tree biometry, but have typically used images from various angles around individual trees or forest plots to capture the entire stem while also utilizing local coordinate systems (i.e., non-georeferenced data). We proposed the mobile collection of georeferenced imagery along 100 m sections of urban roadway to create photogrammetric point cloud datasets suitable for measuring stem diameters and attaining positional x and y coordinates of street trees. In a comparison between stationary and mobile photogrammetry, diameter measurements of urban street trees (N = 88) showed a slightly lower error (RMSE = 8.02%) relative to non-mobile stem measurements (RMSE = 10.37%). Tree Y-coordinates throughout urban sites for mobile photogrammetric data showed a lower standard deviation of 1.70 m relative to 2.38 m for a handheld GPS, which was similar for X-coordinates where photogrammetry and handheld GPS coordinates showed standard deviations of 1.59 m and the handheld GPS 2.36 m, respectively—suggesting higher precision for the mobile photogrammetric models. The mobile photogrammetric system used in this study to create georeferenced models for measuring stem diameters and mapping tree positions can also be potentially expanded for more wide-scale applications related to tree inventory and monitoring of roadside infrastructure.

Raw urban street tree inventory data for 49 California cities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gregory McPherson ◽  
Natalie S. van Doorn ◽  
John de Goede
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Data ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Tree Inventory ◽  
Street Tree

Street Tree Diversity in Massachusetts, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
F.D. Cowett ◽  
Nina Bassuk
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Asian Longhorned Beetle ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
Tree Population ◽  
Tree Inventory ◽  
Street Tree ◽  
Tree Survival ◽  
Considerable Work

Pests, disease, and climate change pose major challenges to street tree survival, and diversity in tree species and genera is widely considered to promote the sustainability of municipal street tree populations. Conversely, the lack of sufficient diversity in street tree population was judged a contributing factor in the death and removal of thousands of street trees in Worcester, Massachusetts, that state’s second most populous city, due to an infestation of the Asian longhorned beetle (ALB, Anoplophora glabripennis). Therefore, reducing the dominance of prevalent street tree species and genera and increasing tree species and genera diversity are considered vital to sustainable street tree management and to the preservation of the ecosystem services and social benefits that street trees provide. This paper assesses street tree diversity in Massachusetts by analyzing a nonrandom sample of collated municipal street tree inventory data stratified by plant hardiness zones. Consistent with results previously found for Connecticut, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania, results in Massachusetts indicate that a relatively small number of species and genera dominate the composition of most municipal street tree populations, including in particular Acer spp. (maple), one of the ALB’s favorite host genera. There is accordingly a need for greater species and genus diversity in municipal street tree populations statewide. While there may be a trend towards increased street tree diversity and reduction in the dominance of Acer spp., considerable work remains to be done.

scholarly journals Why Opt-in to a Planting Program? Long-term Residents Value Street Tree Aesthetics

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexter Locke ◽  
Lara Roman ◽  
Colleen Murphy-Dunning
Keyword(s):  
Urban Forest ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
New Haven ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
Street Tree

Many cities are making substantial capital investments in urban tree planting. Residents play active and diverse roles in enhancing and protecting the urban forest, and are therefore critical to many municipal-level policy objectives. The way residents perceive and value the urban forest can have implications for achieving urban forestry goals through residents and volunteers. However, urban residents are not a monolithic block or homogenous category; instead, they have diverse opinions, needs, and constraints. Moreover, relatively little is known about how residents hear about available resources, such as free trees, and decide to ‘opt-in’ to tree planting initiatives, choosing to plant and maintain trees on or near their properties. The focus of this study was to address three questions about participation in a request-driven program that provides free street trees to residents of New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.: 1) Who requests trees through this program? 2) How did the requesters hear about this program? 3) Why did residents request free street trees? Survey respondents were primarily long-term residents of New Haven; mostly learned about the opportunity from their neighbors; and requested a street tree to replace a removed tree, because they value the aesthetics, and to a lesser extent the environmental benefits. Future research should systematically investigate differences between participants and non-participants in local tree planting initiatives, exploring possible trends across cities and programs. Such studies would identify opportunities and barriers to engaging private residents in efforts aimed at increasing canopy.

scholarly journals Urban street tree biodiversity and antidepressant prescriptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa R. Marselle ◽  
Diana E. Bowler ◽  
Jan Watzema ◽  
David Eichenberg ◽  
Toralf Kirsten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Street Tree ◽  
Daily Contact

AbstractGrowing urbanisation is a threat to both mental health and biodiversity. Street trees are an important biodiversity component of urban greenspace, but little is known about their effects on mental health. Here, we analysed the association of street tree density and species richness with antidepressant prescribing for 9751 inhabitants of Leipzig, Germany. We examined spatial scale effects of street trees at different distances around participant’s homes, using Euclidean buffers of 100, 300, 500, and 1000 m. Employing generalised additive models, we found a lower rate of antidepressant prescriptions for people living within 100 m of higher density of street trees—although this relationship was marginally significant (p = 0.057) when confounding factors were considered. Density of street trees at further spatial distances, and species richness of street trees at any distance, were not associated with antidepressant prescriptions. However, for individuals with low socio-economic status, high density of street trees at 100 m around the home significantly reduced the probability of being prescribed antidepressants. The study suggests that unintentional daily contact to nature through street trees close to the home may reduce the risk of depression, especially for individuals in deprived groups. This has important implications for urban planning and nature-based health interventions in cities.

scholarly journals Street Tree Inventory and Tree Risk Assessment of Selected Major Roads in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
M. Sreetheran ◽  
M. Adnan ◽  
A.K. Khairil Azuar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
City Hall ◽  
Inadequate Information ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Tree Inventory ◽  
Street Tree

Tree planting programs in Malaysia have progressed as planned. However, the subsequent management of the street trees, particularly at Kuala Lumpur City Hall, is not well undertaken due to inadequate information for management and maintenance purposes. There has never been a systematic tree survey conducted to inventory street trees in Kuala Lumpur. With this, a survey was conducted to collect comprehensive information on tree structure, species composition, species diversity, and tree defects and disorders. A total 2,191 street trees were surveyed.

Quantifying the shape of urban street trees and evaluating its influence on their aesthetic functions based mobile lidar data

2022 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 203-214
Author(s):  
Tianyu Hu ◽  
Dengjie Wei ◽  
Yanjun Su ◽  
Xudong Wang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lidar Data ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
Urban Street

Effects of varying establishment approaches on the growth of urban street trees

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai Fern Ow ◽  
Subhadip Ghosh ◽  
Yusof Mohamed Lokman Mohd.
Keyword(s):  
Street Trees ◽  
Urban Street

Modelling urban growth incorporating spatial interactions between the cities: The example of the Tehran metropolitan region

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1047-1064
Author(s):  
Sanaz Alaei Moghadam ◽  
Mohammad Karimi ◽  
Kyoumars Habibi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Growth Modelling ◽  
Spatial Interactions ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Central Business Districts ◽  
History Of

Interactions between cities play a significant role in the development of metropolitan regions. Although these interactions and their role in the urban growth modelling have already been investigated, there is still room for more studies. In this research, in addition to conventional urban growth factors, spatial interactions between the cities (SIBC) are incorporated into urban growth modelling. This causes directional trends in urban growth (DTUG). Therefore, first the DTUG of each city was measured using a developed indicator based on the history of urban growth that was extracted from satellite images and spatial statistics. The SIBC was then estimated by integrating the DTUG of the cities. Finally, the SIBC and other driving forces, including the physical suitability, accessibility and neighbourhood effects, were integrated using a cellular automata-based model. The accuracy of the model in the Tehran metropolitan region was increased by 6.44% after considering the SIBC. The analysis of the DTUG and SIBC in the Tehran metropolitan region during 1991–2000–2007–2014 revealed specific patterns as the spatial interactions intensified over time and usually peaked in the periphery of the central business districts and intense interactions existed between the metropolises and other major cities. These findings could help urban managers with strategic decision-making in the metropolitan regions and adjust the science and practice relation in this field.

scholarly journals 50 Grades of Shade

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
ARIANE MIDDEL ◽  
SAUD ALKHALED ◽  
FLORIAN A. SCHNEIDER ◽  
BJOERN HAGEN ◽  
PAUL COSEO
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Lightweight Structures ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Performance Curves ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Radiant Temperature

AbstractCities increasingly recognize the importance of shade to reduce heat stress and adopt urban forestry plans with ambitious canopy goals. Yet, the implementation of tree and shade plans often faces maintenance, water use, and infrastructure challenges. Understanding the performance of natural and non-natural shade is critical to support active shade management in the built environment. We conducted hourly transects in Tempe, Arizona with the mobile human-biometeorological station MaRTy on hot summer days to quantify the efficacy of various shade types. We sampled sun-exposed reference locations and shade types grouped by urban form, lightweight/engineered shade, and tree species over multiple ground surfaces. We investigated shade performance during the day, at peak incoming solar, peak air temperature, and after sunset using three thermal metrics: the difference between a shaded and sun-exposed location in air temperature (ΔTa), surface temperature (ΔTs), and mean radiant temperature (ΔTMRT). ΔTa did not vary significantly between shade groups, but ΔTMRT spanned a 50°C range across observations. At daytime, shade from urban form most effectively reduced Ts and TMRT, followed by trees and lightweight structures. Shade from urban form performed differently with changing orientation. Tree shade performance varied widely; native and palm trees were least effective, while non-native trees were most effective. All shade types exhibited heat retention (positive ΔTMRT) after sunset. Based on the observations, we developed characteristic shade performance curves that will inform the City of Tempe’s design guidelines towards using “the right shade in the right place” and form the basis for the development of microclimate zones (MCSz).

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