The drill stem testing of a high-pressure santos basin pre-salt oil well: guidelines for well design, operation description, and prior learned lessons

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2020) ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
Monique Vitorio ◽  
Paulo Henrique Pereira Da Silva ◽  
Eduardo Schnitzler ◽  
Fabricio Elias Junqueira Di Salvo ◽  
Bruno da Cruz Schaefer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Drill Stem ◽  
Well Design

Harvesting Downstream Energy to Improve Efficiency: Creating Apparent Discharge Coefficients of Jet Nozzles Greater Than 1.3

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim B. Surjaatmadja ◽  
Billy W. McDaniel ◽  
Bharat B. Pawar
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Fluid Motion ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Vena Contracta ◽  
Discharge Coefficients ◽  
Upstream Pressure ◽  
Analysis Laboratory ◽  
Pumping Equipment ◽  
Very High

Fluid movement devices use upstream energy to move fluid from one location to another. Flow nozzles that slightly accelerate fluid motion, especially into the same direction, often exhibit discharge coefficients greater than 1.0. Jet nozzles, however, by definition, create a jet stream that is much faster than the upstream fluid, often exceeding 100-fold higher velocities. Energy used to move this fluid is often very high; jetting efficiencies are generally less than 1.0 and will only approach 1.0 if the shape of the entrance is such that there is no “vena contracta” within its flow regime inside the nozzle. High-pressure nozzles require high horsepower to generate high-velocity fluids. As is commonly performed, power is created using high-powered pumping equipment. Oftentimes, nozzles are used to jet in locations that have high ambient pressures, such as at the bottom of the ocean or inside a deep oil well. At these locations, the hydrostatic pressures could be very high. Pressure at the upstream side of the nozzle would be even higher. This paper discusses the design and use of a unique nozzle that uses the hydrostatic (potential) energy to accelerate the fluid velocity of the jet. In essence, the nozzle uses the downstream energy to perform part of its job, thus, substantially reducing the upstream pressure requirement. This phenomenon was proven to occur using CFD analysis. Laboratory tests have shown apparent discharge coefficients between 1.38 and 1.69, depending on the downstream pressure.

Physiological adaptations to extreme pressures: the implications for palaeoecology

1989 ◽  
Vol 80 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Geological Past ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Marker Compounds ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

ABSTRACTPresent-day organisms have colonised two distinct high pressure environments: the deep sea and oil well and other crustal fluids. In the former, pressures attain 100 MPa and temperatures are generally less than 4°C. In the latter, the temperatures are high, up to 150°C, and occur in combination with pressures of up to 50 MPa. The high temperature is close to the limit of thermal stability of the macromolecules essential for life. The adaptation of present-day marine organisms to high pressure is known to involve modifications to their cell membrane lipids and subtle changes in both structural proteins and enzymes. There is no reason to suppose that they are close to the maximum pressure to which they could adapt and higher pressures could have been colonised in the geological past. The existence of “marker” compounds, characteristic of high pressure organisms, is discussed, and the possibility that isotope ratios are distorted by metabolic processes at high pressure is raised.

South Texas Hybrid Monobore High Pressure, High Temperature Well Design

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rich Billa ◽  
Doug Gordon ◽  
Ed Watterson ◽  
Jose Mota
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Well Design ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature

Deepest Deviated HPHT Gas Well Drilling and Testing Challenges in an Offshore Island Case-study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubashir Mubashir Ahmad ◽  
Ayman El Shahat ◽  
M. Osama El-Meguid ◽  
Ali Sulaiman Bin Sumaida ◽  
Hessa Mohammed Al Shehhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Drill Stem ◽  
Offshore Island ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
High Level

Abstract Objectives/Scope Deepest Deviated Appraisal well in Upper Khuff reservoir in a small artificial island, located about 100 KM away from Abu Dhabi shore was successfully drilled and tested. The well has been recognized as the deepest deviated well on offshore Island with highest bottom hole reservoir temperature in UAE about 375 deg F (190 degrees C) and exceeding 9000 psi reservoir pressure complemented with impurities of H2S ranging from 10-22% and CO2 between 9-20%. Methods, Procedures, Process The challenges were immense, from designing to execution, including securing special materials for the unique well design to accommodate the sour environment of Khuff reservoir as exploring new reservoirs always counter many risks comparing to developed reservoirs. The execution was driven with the focus of maximizing the ultimate value and benefit for ADNOC, our respected partners, the community and the UAE. The field is located in the most sensitive and ecological important area and is under UNESCO Biosphere reserve. Results, Observations, Conclusions The appraisal well was successfully drilled to Khuff reservoir at a depth of 19000 ft. The well test using Drill stem test (DST string) was conducted. Multiple challenges ranging from HSE, material selection, drilling and logging tools availability, limitations and procuring them in time were overcome by utilizing the World First Integrated Zero Waste Discharge Solution in Restricted & Highly Environmentally Sensitive Areas. Another major challenge faced during the drilling deeper reservoir was mud rheology changes due to high temperatures. The logging program was tailored to overcome the challenges posed by the mud, high temperature, high pressure, sour condition and to gain maximum representative reservoir data in a reservoir where high-pressure steaks and geological unconformities were anticipated. The Drill stem test, (DST) string was successfully POOH after acquiring all the objectives from Khuff K-4 testing under above mentioned harsh environment. The zonal isolation was carried out with cement and rig was released. Novel/Additive Information The drilling and testing operation was conducted with high level of cooperation and excellence accomplishing the well set objectives without (Lost Time Injury). Lessons learned are widely shared with all the teams across the region to expedite and improve on the technologies used for sour gas production. ADNOC Onshore demonstrated 100% HSE, full commitment, high collaboration and efficient outcome ensuring safety compliance for the successful delivery of this highly critical project. This paper presents the various challenges faced and overcome while carrying out the Drilling and testing of the HPHT Sour well offshore.

A Surface-Micromachined Nitride-Diaphragm High-Pressure Sensor for Oil Well Application

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Xu ◽  
Fukang Jiang ◽  
Yu-Chong Tai ◽  
Eric Donzier ◽  
William A. Loomis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Excitation Voltage ◽  
First Report

Abstract A surface-micromachined, high-pressure sensor with polysilicon piezoresistors for oil well applications has been successfully developed. This work represents the first report of a nitride-diaphragm (3μm thick) oil-well pressure sensor with a diaphragm diameter of 44μm. The sensors have been calibrated up to 4000 psi. A sensitivity of 7.7 μV/V/psi is obtained. With 5 V excitation voltage, the full scale output (FSO, 4000 psi) is 154 mV. The nonlinearity is less than ± 0.2% of FSO. The hysteresis is less than 0.04% of FSO. A temperature coefficient of 25 μV/V/°C (equivalent to 0.08% of FSO/°C) is observed under 1000 psi pressure bias.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Stress-Strain Model for Confined Well Cement

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Yunhu Lu ◽  
Ramadan Ahmed ◽  
Baoguo Han ◽  
Yan Jin
Keyword(s):  
Axial Stress ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Well Design ◽  
Nonlinear Stress ◽  
Uniaxial Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Ductile Behavior ◽  
Well Cement ◽  
Strain Model

The cement sheath is the key for providing the zonal isolation and integrity of the wellbore. Oil well cement works under confining pressure, so it exhibits strong nonlinear and ductile behavior which is very different from that without confining pressure. Therefore, for the accuracy of the simulation and the reliability of well construction design, a reliable compression stress–strain model is essential for confined well cement. In this paper, a new axial stress–strain model for confined well cement is developed based on uniaxial and triaxial test data, examinations of failure mechanisms, and the results of numerical analysis. A parametric study was conducted to evaluate and calibrate the model. The model is simple and suitable for direct use in simulation studies and well design. Results from this study show the nonlinear compressive behavior of confined well cement can be predicted using the traditional uniaxial compressive strength test measurements.

High-Pressure Well Design

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrie Krus ◽  
Jean-Marie Prieur
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Well Design
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