Deepest Deviated HPHT Gas Well Drilling and Testing Challenges in an Offshore Island Case-study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubashir Mubashir Ahmad ◽  
Ayman El Shahat ◽  
M. Osama El-Meguid ◽  
Ali Sulaiman Bin Sumaida ◽  
Hessa Mohammed Al Shehhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Drill Stem ◽  
Offshore Island ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
High Level

Abstract Objectives/Scope Deepest Deviated Appraisal well in Upper Khuff reservoir in a small artificial island, located about 100 KM away from Abu Dhabi shore was successfully drilled and tested. The well has been recognized as the deepest deviated well on offshore Island with highest bottom hole reservoir temperature in UAE about 375 deg F (190 degrees C) and exceeding 9000 psi reservoir pressure complemented with impurities of H2S ranging from 10-22% and CO2 between 9-20%. Methods, Procedures, Process The challenges were immense, from designing to execution, including securing special materials for the unique well design to accommodate the sour environment of Khuff reservoir as exploring new reservoirs always counter many risks comparing to developed reservoirs. The execution was driven with the focus of maximizing the ultimate value and benefit for ADNOC, our respected partners, the community and the UAE. The field is located in the most sensitive and ecological important area and is under UNESCO Biosphere reserve. Results, Observations, Conclusions The appraisal well was successfully drilled to Khuff reservoir at a depth of 19000 ft. The well test using Drill stem test (DST string) was conducted. Multiple challenges ranging from HSE, material selection, drilling and logging tools availability, limitations and procuring them in time were overcome by utilizing the World First Integrated Zero Waste Discharge Solution in Restricted & Highly Environmentally Sensitive Areas. Another major challenge faced during the drilling deeper reservoir was mud rheology changes due to high temperatures. The logging program was tailored to overcome the challenges posed by the mud, high temperature, high pressure, sour condition and to gain maximum representative reservoir data in a reservoir where high-pressure steaks and geological unconformities were anticipated. The Drill stem test, (DST) string was successfully POOH after acquiring all the objectives from Khuff K-4 testing under above mentioned harsh environment. The zonal isolation was carried out with cement and rig was released. Novel/Additive Information The drilling and testing operation was conducted with high level of cooperation and excellence accomplishing the well set objectives without (Lost Time Injury). Lessons learned are widely shared with all the teams across the region to expedite and improve on the technologies used for sour gas production. ADNOC Onshore demonstrated 100% HSE, full commitment, high collaboration and efficient outcome ensuring safety compliance for the successful delivery of this highly critical project. This paper presents the various challenges faced and overcome while carrying out the Drilling and testing of the HPHT Sour well offshore.

A new compact for communities, government and the resources sector

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 462 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Purtill
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Coal Seam Gas ◽  
Community Groups ◽  
Interactive Mapping ◽  
Early Results ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

The growth of coal seam gas production in the Surat and Bowen Basins sparked an exploration and development rush for which few were prepared. Lessons learned suggest that a much greater level of community engagement early on is needed, particularly in frontier basins, to support a social licence for the minerals and energy sector and successful co-existence. The Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy releases an Annual Exploration Program (AEP) identifying acreage releases for coal, minerals and petroleum and gas resources typically for cash and non-cash tenders. Historically these releases have occurred with little prior engagement with directly affected communities. In a changing environment in which communities are demanding greater levels of consultation, higher performance standards and greater transparency, this approach needed reform. In 2016, the AEP took a radically different approach. For the first time, the AEP introduced pre-release engagement with directly affected landholders and occupiers, traditional owners, community groups and local governments within the release areas to ensure all stakeholders are fully informed. These stakeholders are now notified earlier in the AEP timeline, with a range of supporting engagement opportunities also available following the release. These engagement activities promote transparency and enable directly affected stakeholders to access the information they need to be better prepared for potential future exploration. Early results show a high level of appreciation by stakeholders for the early notification, and a willingness to be kept informed of the process. This is particularly the case in the frontier basins. The broader community can also access AEP information via the department’s website and online interactive mapping programs.

scholarly journals Co-gasification of different rank coals with biomass and petroleum coke in a high-pressure reactor for H2-rich gas production

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (9) ◽  
pp. 3230-3235 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fermoso ◽  
B. Arias ◽  
M.V. Gil ◽  
M.G. Plaza ◽  
C. Pevida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Gas Production

Chemical Deliquification of Unconventional Gas Wells

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.. Francis-LaCroix ◽  
D.. Seetaram
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Large Deviation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Current Production

Abstract Trinidad and Tobago offshore platforms have been producing oil and natural gas for over a century. Current production of over 1500 Bcf of natural gas per year (Administration, 2013) is due to extensive reserves in oil and gas. More than eighteen of these wells are high-producing wells, producing in excess of 150 MMcf per day. Due to their large production rates, these wells utilize unconventionally large tubulars 5- and 7-in. Furthermore, as is inherent with producing gas, there are many challenges with the production. One major challenge occurs when wells become liquid loaded. As gas wells age, they produce more liquids, namely brine and condensate. Depending on flow conditions, the produced liquids can accumulate and induce a hydrostatic head pressure that is too high to be overcome by the flowing gas rates. Applying surfactants that generate foam can facilitate the unloading of these wells and restore gas production. Although the foaming process is very cost effective, its application to high-producing gas wells in Trinidad has always been problematic for the following reasons: Some of these producers are horizontal wells, or wells with large deviation angles.They were completed without pre-installed capillary strings.They are completed with large tubing diameters (5.75 in., 7 in.). Recognizing that the above three factors posed challenges to successful foam applications, major emphasis and research was directed toward this endeavor to realize the buried revenue, i.e., the recovery of the well's potential to produce natural gas. This research can also lead to the application of learnings from the first success to develop treatment for additional wells, which translates to a revenue boost to the client and the Trinidad economy. Successful treatments can also be used as correlations to establish an industry best practice for the treatment of similarly completed wells. This paper will highlight the successes realized from the treatment of three wells. It will also highlight the anomalies encountered during the treatment process, as well as the lessons learned from this treatment.

Limitations of Corrosion Resistant Alloy in High CO2 Gas Production Systems: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Rodriguez ◽  
Susana Gómez ◽  
Ngoc Tran Dinh ◽  
Giovanni Ortuño ◽  
Narendra Borole
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
High Co2

Abstract The paper presents the application of a holistic approach to corrosion prediction that overcomes classical pitfalls in corrosion testing and modelling at high pressure, high temperature and high CO2 conditions. Thermodynamic modelling of field and lab conditions allows for more accurate predictions by a novel CO2/H2S general corrosion model validated by laboratory tests. In the proposed workflow, autoclave tests at high pressure and temperature are designed after modeling corrosion in a rigorous thermodynamic framework including fluid-dynamic modelling; the modeled steps include preparation, gas loading and heating of fluid samples at high CO2 concentration, and high flow velocities. An autoclave setup is proposed and validated to simultaneously test different conditions. Corrosion rates are extrapolated to compute service life of the materials and guide material selection. The results from the model and tests extend the application of selected stainless steel grade beyond the threshold conditions calculated by simplistic models and guidelines. Consideration of fugacities and true aqueous compositions allows for accurate thermodynamic representation of field conditions. Computation by rigorous fluid dynamics of shear stress, multiphase flow and heat transfer effects inside completion geometry lead to a proper interpretation of corrosion mechanisms and models to apply. In the case study used to showcase the workflow, conventional stainless steel is validated for most of the tubing. It is observed that some sections of the system in static condition are not exposed to liquid water, allowing for safe use of carbon steel, while as for other critical parts, more noble materials are deemed necessary. Harsh environments pose a challenge to the application of conventional steel materials. The workflow applied to the case study allows accurate representation and application of materials in its application limit region, allowing for safe use of carbon steel or less noble stainless steels in those areas of the completion where corrosion is limited by multiphase fluid-dynamics, heat transfer or the both. The approximation is validated for real case study under high CO2 content, and is considered also valid in the transportation of higher amounts of CO2, for example, in CCUS activities.

scholarly journals High Pressure Processing Applications in Plant Foods

Foods ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Milan Houška ◽  
Filipa Vinagre Marques Silva ◽  
Evelyn ◽  
Roman Buckow ◽  
Netsanet Shiferaw Terefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Pressure Processing ◽  
Spore Form ◽  
Cold Pasteurization ◽  
Effective Components ◽  
Fresh Products ◽  
High Level

High pressure processing (HPP) is a cold pasteurization technology by which products, prepacked in their final package, are introduced to a vessel and subjected to a high level of isostatic pressure (300–600 MPa). High-pressure treatment of fruit, vegetable and fresh herb homogenate products offers us nearly fresh products in regard to sensorial and nutritional quality of original raw materials, representing relatively stable and safe source of nutrients, vitamins, minerals and health effective components. Such components can play an important role as a preventive tool against the start of illnesses, namely in the elderly. An overview of several food HPP products, namely of fruit and vegetable origin, marketed successfully around the world is presented. Effects of HPP and HPP plus heat on key spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms, including the resistant spore form and fruit/vegetable endogenous enzymes are reviewed, including the effect on the product quality. Part of the paper is devoted to the industrial equipment available for factories manufacturing HPP treated products.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Water and Gas Transport in Compacted GMZ Bentonite under Constant Volume Condition

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jiang-Feng Liu ◽  
Xu-Lou Cao ◽  
Hong-Yang Ni ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Zhi-Xiao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Transport ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Constant Volume ◽  
Gmz Bentonite ◽  
Gas Migration ◽  
Sealing Ability ◽  
High Level

During deep geological disposal of high-level and long-lived radioactive waste, underground water erosion into buffer materials, such as bentonite, and gas production around the canister are unavoidable. Therefore, understanding water and gas migration into buffer materials is important when it comes to determining the sealing ability of engineered barriers in deep geological repositories. The main aim of our study is to provide insights into the water/gas transport in a compacted bentonite sample under constant volume conditions. The results of our study indicate that water saturation is obtained after 450 hours, which is similar to experimental results. Gas migration testing shows that the degree of water saturation in the samples is very sensitive to the gas pressure. As soon as 2 MPa or higher gas pressure was applied, the water saturation degree decreased quickly. Laboratory experiments indicate that gas breakthrough occurs at 4 MPa, with water being expelled from the downstream side. This indicates that gas pressure has a significant effect on the sealing ability of Gaomizozi (GMZ) bentonite.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Pemanfaatan Youtube Melaui Video Online Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Oleh Mahasiswa (Studi Di Fakultas Fisip Universitas Bengkulu)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Fransiska Timoria Samosir ◽  
Fransiska Timoria SAmosir ◽  
Fransiska Timoria SAmosir
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Knowing How ◽  
Usage Rate ◽  
Political Sciences ◽  
High Level

In this era of globalization, internet usage is growing very rapidly. It is characterized by the use of gadgets among students who are always connected to the Internet. Students like to find information in the form of real or audiovisual. Youtube presence also gives a great impact to this generation. This is what makes the basis for knowing how to use youtube as a medium lessons learned,This research is deskriptif qualitatif approach. The informants are students of the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Bengkulu. The number of informants in this study were as many as 16. Data was collected through interviews. The results of this study indicate that students have a high level of usage of gadgets and is always connected to the internet. Students almost daily open the youtube application on their gadgets. Students who use youtube as a medium lesson learnded to add knowledge and support the work of the lecture. Youtube usage rate is influenced by gender, courses and classes.  Keyword: gadget, youtube, internet  

scholarly journals Comparison of 2507 Duplex and 28 % Cr- Austenitic Stainless Steel Corrosion Behavior for High Pressure and High Temperature (HPHT) in Sour Service Condition with C-ring Experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harris Prabowo ◽  
Badrul Munir ◽  
Yudha Pratesa ◽  
Johny W. Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking ◽  
Sour Service

The scarcity of oil and gas resources made High Pressure and High Temperature (HPHT) reservoir attractive to be developed. The sour service environment gives an additional factor in material selection for HPHT reservoir. Austenitic 28 Cr and super duplex stainless steel 2507 (SS 2507) are proposed to be a potential materials candidate for such conditions. C-ring tests were performed to investigate their corrosion behavior, specifically sulfide stress cracking (SSC) and sulfide stress cracking susceptibility. The C-ring tests were done under 2.55 % H2S (31.48 psia) and 50 % CO2 (617.25 psia). The testing was done in static environment conditions. Regardless of good SSC resistance for both materials, different pitting resistance is seen in both materials. The pitting resistance did not follow the general Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN), since SS 2507 super duplex (PREN > 40) has more pitting density than 28 Cr austenitic stainless steel (PREN < 40). SS 2507 super duplex pit shape tends to be larger but shallower than 28 Cr austenitic stainless steel. 28 Cr austenitic stainless steel has a smaller pit density, yet deeper and isolated.

scholarly journals Public health response and lessons learned from the 2014 chikungunya epidemic in Grenada

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin S Forde ◽  
Francis Martin ◽  
George Mitchell ◽  
Satesh Bidaisee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Island State ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Multiple Challenges

In June 2014, the first cases of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) were diagnosed on the island of Carriacou, part of the tri-island state of Grenada. In the three months that followed, CHIKV spread rapidly, with conservative estimates of the population infected of at least 60%. Multiple challenges were encountered in the battle to manage the spread and impact of this high–attack rate virus, including 1) limited indigenous laboratory diagnostic capabilities; 2) an under-resourced health care system; 3) a skeptical general public, hesitant to accept facts about the origin and mode of transmission of the new virus; and 4) resistance to the vector control strategies used. Lessons learned from the outbreak included the need for 1) a robust and reliable epidemiological surveillance system; 2) effective strategies for communicating with the general population; 3) exploration of other methods of mosquito vector control; and 4) a careful review of all health care policies and protocols to ensure that effective, organized responses are triggered when an infectious outbreak occurs.

scholarly journals Bioindication of soil of unauthorized landfills in the Carpathian region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Symochko ◽  
О. Hafiiyak ◽  
O. Demyanyuk
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbiological Processes ◽  
Waste Storage ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Organotrophic Bacteria ◽  
High Level

The article presents the results of monitoring the area adjacent to the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve for the detection of unauthorized landfills and examines the ecological status of these soils. Four unauthorized landfills of solid waste in Pidhirna, Stanislav, Steryshora, and Feresok tracts with an area of 0.15 to 1.5 ha with a waste accumulation period of 12–22 years and different morphological composition which had a significant impact on the ecological status of the soil have been identified. Bioindication methods have shown changes in the soil microbial cenoses under the direct influence of unauthorized landfills of solid waste, namely increased the number of organotrophic bacteria and micromycetes and decreased number of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. The highest number of bacteria using nitrogen of organic compounds (25.36–28.61 million CFU/g soil) and micromycetes (51.8–76.8 thousand CFU/g soil) was fixed in the soils in the tract PidhirnaandFeresok with advantage of 1.5–1.7 times and 2.5–3.8 times compared to the soil of the protected area. Increasing the number of pedotrophic and oligotrophic microorganisms and microorganisms that assimilate organic forms of nitrogen, on average, 2.70, 2.84 and 1.48 times has been affected the direction of the main soil-microbiological processes. The coefficient of oligotrophicity varied in the range of 0.21–0.30, mineralization-immobilization one — 1.22–1.38, pedotrophic one — 0.55–0.96 with a maximum in the soil of the landfill in the tracts of Feresok and Pidhirna, which indicates the strengthening of microbiological processes of mineralization and decomposition of soil organic matter, including humus compounds. A close relationship was established between the duration of solid waste storage in a certain area and the level of soil phytotoxicity (r = 0.92). In the soil of landfills in Pidhirna, Steryshora and Feresok tracts, the phytotoxicity index is significant (over 50%), which indicates a high level of soil ecosystem pollution and increased environmental risks in the area of unauthorized accumulation of solid waste.

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