Impacts of Forest Resource Use Conflicts on Conservation Efforts within Enderit Forest Block in Mau Forest Complex, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Shadrack Mulei KITHIIA ◽  
◽  
Robert Kipkemoi KOECH ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Forest Resource ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Forest Dependency ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examined the relationship between forest resource use conflicts and conservation, which are contemporary issues in the field of environment conservation. The study was carried out in Enderit forest block, Mau forest Complex. The study findings indicate that the forest block has lost considerable vegetation cover in the recent past due to resource use conflict which in turn attracted conservation efforts from various stakeholders. The identified conflicts not only threaten the sustainability of these efforts but also community livelihoods that depend on this vital resource in the long term. The study therefore sought to establish the types of forest resource use conflicts, identify the stakeholders and their areas of focus and examine how the forest resource conflicts are affecting forest conservation efforts. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used. The results indicate that there exist various forms of conflicts within the forest block while various actors are involved in the forest conservation efforts. However, despite the concerted conservation efforts, there existing forest resource use conflicts that frustrate these efforts and slow the implementation of conservation programs. Based on the findings, the study recommends that for sustainable conservation of the forest block, the Government and the stakeholders should put in place policy measures aiming at increasing income and generating off-farm employment activities for the forest adjacent communities. This will reduce forest dependency and consequently enhance biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of the forest resources.

Tourism public-private partnership (PPP) projects: an exploratory-sequential approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Ghanem ◽  
Ibrahim Elshaer ◽  
Samar Saad
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to address the absence of a thorough understanding of commitment in tourism public-private partnerships (PPP) by exploring antecedents of PPP commitment and their underpinning relationships in regard to the destination management system (DMS). Design/methodology/approach An empirical investigation of the case of the Egyptian DMS, a PPP which was forsaken by the government partner and which subsequently failed. Qualitative and quantitative approaches are used for a comprehensive overview of the researched phenomena pertaining to external and internal stakeholders. Findings The results indicated that stakeholder management, relational capital, perceived benefits and stakeholder capabilities could influence intentions to commit to a tourism PPP project. Also, the latter three factors were found to mediate the relationship between stakeholder management and long-term PPP commitment. The results also shed light on the important aspects of non-contractual, interpersonal relationships between internal and external PPP stakeholders. Originality/value This research pioneers inquiries on the commitment of Tourism PPP/DMS projects and its possible drivers in a non-Western context. Also, this study contributes to knowledge by exploring the relationship within and between internal (partners) and external (e.g. local service providers) stakeholder groups and provided evidence on the crucial role of both on long-term PPP commitment and success. The current study has a few significant contributions to the PPP literature regarding the commitment and success of PPP in the complicated environments in which tourism PPP projects are operated. Moreover, this study offers essential information and practices for improving partner relationships with external stakeholders.

scholarly journals A time series analysis of determinants of FDI in Afghanistan: Which one matters the most, security or economic growth?

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Abdul Fareed Delawari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Market Economic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Afghanistan has been practicing market economic system since 2002. Since then, the government has been initiating different policies and announced various incentives to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) to the country. However, the outcome has not been satisfactory due to several political and economic factors. This paper explores the relationship between security, economic growth and FDI in Afghanistan, using ARDL model. The paper covers a period from 2002 to 2016. The empirical results of this study show that there is a negative long-term relationship between security and FDI. Hence,  the author concludes that, to attract FDI to the country, insuring security should be the top priority of the government of Afghanistan.

Rwanda’s Urbanization Policy:- A Critical Reading

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Somma
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Service Economy ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
General Relevance ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urbanization Rate ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Relationship

If ever Africa had disappeared, it has now reappeared on the maps of investors seeking for land and resources. The entire continent seems to have become attractive for international financial institutions, which intensify their recommendations to single national Governments in order for them to further remove obstacles and make Africa an “ever better place to do business”. Rwanda represents an emblematic example of the rapidity and size of transformations Africa is faced with, which touch every sector, from the land ownership model to the modes of land use, from the distribution of population, to the construction of infrastructure. It is a fertile country, with a good water supply and two crop seasons, and is almost entirely cultivated. The majority of the inhabitants work the land, and subside thanks to agriculture. Today, however, the Government's goal, synthetically expressed in the slogan that defines the future of Rwanda as Africa's Singapore (Vesperini, 2010), is the modernization of agriculture, and the reduction of its weight in favour of a service economy. The most visible effects of this approach are the expulsion from the countryside of a huge number of families which lose any type of sustainment, and the grouping of many small plots in large territorial extensions which are often given for long term use to multinational agribusiness corporations. The transformation of agriculture is accompanied by the redistribution of population, traditionally settled in scattered patterns across the whole country. The massive migration from the countryside is explicitly sought by Government, whose target is to reach, by 2020, a 35% urbanization rate up from today's 18%. The three issues, total and unconditional opening to foreign investment, population resettlement and transformation of the agricultural activities, which are the pillars of the development programs initiated by Government and international advisors, are producing dramatic changes on the physical and built environment, and affect the living conditions of the weakest groups (White, Borras, Hall, Scoones, Walford, 2012). The paper proposes a reflection on themes which have general relevance, but which also need to be locally grounded. Of particular importance are urbanization, the relationship between towns and countryside, and the relationship between social and economic structure and territorial planning. In 2012 the author took part as consultant to the drafting of the Urbanization sector strategic plan 2012-2017. The views expressed here are personal and do not in any way represent the Government or Institutions’ point of view.

An Overview of Illegal Logging Situation in Peninsular Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Iqtie Qamar Laila Mohd Gani ◽  
Razak Wahab ◽  
Mohd Sukhairi Mat Rasat
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Illegal Logging ◽  
Tropical Timber ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

The trends of illegal logging and current situation of illegal logging in Peninsular Malaysia were studies. Data and information from year 2001 to 2010 on volume of log productions (m3) and volume of illegal log productions were collected from the government and private sectors such as the Forestry Department Peninsular Malaysia (FDPM), International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The data obtained were statistically analyzed using the correlation analysis to determine the direction and the strength of the relationship between log productions and illegal log productions. The results showed that the trends of illegal logging are on the increased. Eighteen percents (18%) of the logs cut annually are obtained from illegal operation. The log productions and illegal log productions resulted have a weak negative relationship as r = -0.271, p = 0.603 and do not significantly related. The illegal log productions are inversely related with the log productions. It can be concluded that the log productions in Peninsular Malaysia occurred in a small scale and the situation is under control. Proper long-term planning needs to be generated and implemented to prevent the problem from becoming worse.

scholarly journals Sustainable use of renewable resources in a stylized social–ecological network model under heterogeneous resource distribution

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfram Barfuss ◽  
Jonathan F. Donges ◽  
Marc Wiedermann ◽  
Wolfgang Lucht
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Network Ties ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Large Effort ◽  
Social Network Ties ◽  
Nature And Society ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Human societies depend on the resources ecosystems provide. Particularly since the last century, human activities have transformed the relationship between nature and society at a global scale. We study this coevolutionary relationship by utilizing a stylized model of private resource use and social learning on an adaptive network. The latter process is based on two social key dynamics beyond economic paradigms: boundedly rational imitation of resource use strategies and homophily in the formation of social network ties. The private and logistically growing resources are harvested with either a sustainable (small) or non-sustainable (large) effort. We show that these social processes can have a profound influence on the environmental state, such as determining whether the private renewable resources collapse from overuse or not. Additionally, we demonstrate that heterogeneously distributed regional resource capacities shift the critical social parameters where this resource extraction system collapses. We make these points to argue that, in more advanced coevolutionary models of the planetary social–ecological system, such socio-cultural phenomena as well as regional resource heterogeneities should receive attention in addition to the processes represented in established Earth system and integrated assessment models.

The Relationship between the Strategic Expulsion of the Douglas Steamship Company by the Japanese Colonial Governor-General of Taiwan and the Transportation of Mainland Chinese Workers during the Japanese Colonial Period in Taiwan

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsueh-hsin Wang (王學新)
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Power ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mainland Chinese ◽  
Japanese Colonial ◽  
Chinese Workers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Taiwan Strait ◽  
The Relationship

In the early days of Taiwan’s occupation by Japan, Douglas Lapraik & Co monopolized the nautical route between Tamshui and Xiamen across the Taiwan Strait, on which passengers and cargo transports were frequent. For Japan as a new colonial power, this undoubtedly was not something to be happy about. So Governor Kodama issued a secret order to osk to start the South China shipping route in March 1899, in order to drive out Douglas Co. from Taiwan. Owing to a subsidy from the Government-General of Taiwan, Ōsaka merchant shipping companies could cut down ticket fees to extreme depth, snatch away the customers of Douglas Co. and purchase her stocks secretly. This strategy made Douglas Co. suffered badly. People would have thought that Douglas Co. would go down all the way, but from the tea-manufacturing period of 1901 onwards, she drew up a new approach of Armageddon to snatch tea workers from the Mainland and transport them to Taiwan. Although this strategy seems to have been very successful, Douglas quit shipping around Taiwan since 1904. Why did Douglas Co. quit? According to the author’s research, the real cause is not long-term losses, but the implementation of the system of managing Chinese workers from October 1904 onwards. It seems clear, that the post of Chinese worker’s manager was set up to deal with the new approach of Douglas Co., because it facilitated the establishment of a monopoly for Douglas Co.’s main competitor, osk, so that the former lost the last glimmer of hope and could not but quit. (This article is in English.)

Observations and Recommendations

2019 ◽  
pp. 102-113
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oil Revenues ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The future of tourism and communication technology are intertwined. As Toffler observed with other revolutionary change, an inter-relationship will be difficult to predict but rewards will be substantial to those who are ahead of the curve. Two critical forces will continue to collide: increased democratization of tourism and increased focus on sustainable use of resources. The growth in incomes and the expansion of low-cost air service make China, India, and a few other developing countries the most rapidly growing tourism markets. This is particularly the case in parts of the Islamic world, resulting in rapidly expanding numbers of Muslims who seek to undertake the Haj. As detailed in a case study, this has resulted in demolition of much of ancient Mecca to make way for tourist hotels, a case where it appears the Saudi government is more interested in offsetting declining oil revenues with tourism revenues than with preservation of a unique tourism asset. Elsewhere the threat of over-tourism is evident in many places. In Europe, this is most evident in Venice where as tourism has expanded, the prices charged for overnight accommodations have shot up, forcing long-term residents to move out of the city and to endure commutes to their places of work back in the city. Local government has a choice – see the asset degrade or limit tourism. The market is well suited to limit tourism, but if the government imposes fees, say a day pass to enter the city, is this an equitable option (i.e., potentially making the city available only to wealthy visitors)? The nation of Bhutan has already imposed a high fee for visitors as a method to maintain the nation's happiness index. The future of tourism is uncertain as is the impact that technology change and concern regarding sustainability.

Art and Agency

2019 ◽  
pp. 320-342
Author(s):  
Autumn Cockrell-Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Museum Of Modern Art ◽  
Visual Artists ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
Sources Of Support ◽  
The Government ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Cultural Dominance ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter places the practices of Kurdish visual artists working in Iraqi Kurdistan within the historical context of the Iraqi state and discusses the production of artwork, particularly the creation of the Museum of Modern Art and the Sulemani International Film Festival, as they demonstrate the transitional nature of power and the struggle for cultural dominance within Iraqi Kurdish society. Once the sole or major patron of most artwork produced in Iraqi Kurdistan, the government is no longer funding most projects. The loss of this major patron has significantly changed the relationship between government (patron) and artist (client) creating opportunities for artists to develop alternative sources of support. The work of these artists reveals the struggle of a nation to transform historical relationships of power and to develop a sustainable civil society and a long-term, sustainable peace.

The Principle and Methodology of Landscape Eco-Planning

2012 ◽  
Vol 450-451 ◽  
pp. 1327-1330
Author(s):  
Sheng Sheng ◽  
Yun Ling Du ◽  
Jian Liang Rui ◽  
Ru Jun Tao
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Natural Function ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
The Future ◽  
Important Approach ◽  
The Relationship

Landscape eco-planning is an important approach to keep sustainable development, which can coordinate the relationship between man, nature and resource use. The landscape eco-planning in the future not only must meet the need of landscape's natural function and human, but also need to meet the need of sustainable use of the land. This article discusses the concept, the main principles, procedures and methods of landscape eco-planning, and clarifies the GIS technology in the use of landscape planning and design, in order to play a promote role in the landscape eco-planning in China.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON DOMESTIC INSTITUTIONAL INVESTMENTS AND ITS IMPACT ON MEJOR SECTORS OF ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 379-389
Author(s):  
Prashanth Kumar A. ◽  
Sumathi a ◽  
Sushmitha R Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Cost Cutting ◽  
The Government ◽  
Indian Stock Market ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cutting Strategy

India is a developing economy, which has undergone a series of developmental events in last two years. Covid -19 Pandemic has created a lot of challenges across various sectors of the economy. Major sectors of the economy has underwent a series of changes during this phase. IT industries adopted work from home as a long-term cost cutting strategy bringing in necessary changes in work culture. The government has also made all the possible efforts to keep up the phase of development in spite of the challenges posed by the pandemic. Pandemic gave a new dimension to the Indian stock market as many DII & FII became active leading to the further growth of the market in spite of the pandemic.The paper attempts to identify Impact of DIII in the Indian Stock Market. An attempt is made to study the relationship between Selected Nifty Indices movements, DII Inflow/Outflow, by evaluating their investments in equity, Debt and Future& Options segments by applying Statistical Tools. Thus,overall impact of these Players on the Stock Market & Economy is studied. Paper concludes suggesting the measures to identify the major players and empower them as it is necessary tobuild future developing India.

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