Ponytail headache (external-traction headache): prevalence, characteristics and relationship with migraine

IntroductionDespite its frequent occurrence, external-traction headache (previously named as “ponytail headache”) is scarcely documented in the literature.ObjectiveIn the present study we set out to estimate the prevalence of ponytail headache and its relationship with migraine.MethodsOne hundred and thirty women (27.7±11.1 years of age), 108 of them reported a previous history of primary headache [81/130 (62.3%) migraine or probable migraine and 27/130 (20.8%) non-migraine headache; 22/130 (16.9%) did not report any previous episode of headache], were requested to wear a ponytail for 60 minutes, removing it only in case of pain. When pain occurred, it was recorded for the latency between the placement of the ponytail and the onset of the pain, its duration and characteristics. The women also filled out a questionnaire on previous headache episodes.ResultsDuring the 60 minute-period, 52/130 (40%) women had ponytail headache elicited by the experiment. There was a higher prevalence of ponytail headache in those who reported previous episodes of primary headache [48/108 (44.4%)], compared to those who did not [4/22 (18.2%)] (p=0.022). The migraineurs had more ponytail headache than non-migraneurs [39/81 (48.2%) versus 9/27 (33.3%), p=0.180] with a positive history of primary headache and they also had more than those without [4/22 (18.2%)] (p=0.012). The group of women with migraine also presented more ponytail-induced headache than non-migraineurs combined with the groupof individuals without a previous history of headache [13/49 (26.5%), OR 2.57, 95%CI 1.19-5.55; p=0.015]. Migraine-like episodes were trigged in 3/52 (5.8%) by the experiment, all three migraineurs. The latency time for the beginning of ponytail headache during the experiment was 21.5 ± 15.4 min and the duration was 76.0±159.3 min.ConclusionThe prevalence of ponytail headache in our study was 40% and was statistically higher in migraineurs.

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Hemicrania Continua Evolving from Episodic Paroxysmal Hemicrania

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1111/j.1468-2982.2006.01178.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 1143-1145 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

F Castellanos-Pinedo ◽

M Zurdo ◽

E Martínez-Acebes

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Migraine Without Aura ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Previous History ◽

Primary Headache ◽

Complete Response ◽

Hemicrania Continua ◽

Paroxysmal Hemicrania ◽

History Of ◽

Probable Migraine

A 45-year-old woman, who had been diagnosed in our unit with episodic paroxysmal hemicrania, was seen 2 years later for ipsilateral hemicrania continua in remitting form. Both types of headache had a complete response to indomethacin and did not occur simultaneously. The patient had a previous history of episodic moderate headaches that met criteria for probable migraine without aura and also had a family history of headache. The clinical course in this case suggests a pathogenic relationship between both types of primary headache.

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Problem-Based Review: Paracetamol Overdose

Acute Medicine Journal ◽

10.52964/amja.0516 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 212-215

Author(s):

Tom Heaps ◽

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Glasgow Coma Scale ◽

Past History ◽

Previous History ◽

Past Medical History ◽

Minute Period ◽

Normal Diameter ◽

History Of ◽

Self Harm ◽

History Of Depression

A 29-year old male presents to the emergency department 1h after an overdose of cocodamol. He admits to taking approximately 60 x 8/500mg tablets, with alcohol, over a 20 minute period. He has a past history of depression, treated by his GP with citalopram 20mg OD. He has no previous history of deliberate self-harm. His past medical history is otherwise unremarkable and he is not on any additional medications. He drinks approximately 40 units of alcohol per week. Physical examination is unremarkable, his pupils are normal diameter and his Glasgow Coma Scale is 15. He weighs 82kg.

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Headache associated with head trauma

Oxford Textbook of Headache Syndromes ◽

10.1093/med/9780198724322.003.0035 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 314-321

Author(s):

Sylvia Lucas

Keyword(s):

Primary Headache ◽

Headache Disorder ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Temporal Association ◽

Prior History ◽

Secondary Headache ◽

Primary Headache Disorder ◽

Global Health Issue ◽

History Of ◽

Probable Migraine

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an extremely important, common global health issue with approximately 2.5 million TBIs occurring yearly in the civilian population alone. The symptom manifestations of TBI are called ‘concussion’ symptoms and headache is the most common. Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is a secondary headache occurring in temporal association with the TBI and thought to be caused by the injury. Many studies have found PTH to be frequent and persistent, with a higher prevalence of PTH after mild than moderate to severe TBI. In both severity injuries, the most frequent phenotype of PTH is migraine or probable migraine. PTH risk factor after injury is a prior history of primary headache disorder. The relationship between TBI and PTH is unknown and currently the subject of intense research. As yet, treatment of PTH is empiric with standard of care to ‘phenotype’ the headache according to primary headache clinical characteristics and use the type as a guideline for management.

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NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS (NTDS);

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.12.573 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 1878-1883

Author(s):

Nadeem Shahzad ◽

Afshan Riaz ◽

Uzma Ameer ◽

Daniyal Nadeem

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Family History ◽

Neural Tube ◽

Neural Tube Defects ◽

Previous History ◽

The United States ◽

Control Group ◽

Positive History ◽

History Of

Background: The most common congenital malformations are Neural tubedefects (NTDs) occurring in 0.6 per 1,000 live births in the United States, and almost 4000pregnancies are recorded of babies with neural tube defects, among them anencephalyand Spina bifida are the most common and their annual incidence is 2,500 to 3,000 births inthe United States. The etiology of NTDs is still an enigma, however, in the past few decadesvaluable advances has been made in understanding the causation and measures to preventNTDs and many risk factors are indentified which are associated with it. Objectives: This studywas designed to determine the risk factors and their association with neural tube defects. StudyDesign: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at unit111 Lady Willingdon Hospital Lahore and duration was one year from 1.1.2016 to 31.12.2016.Methodology: A total of 120 mothers were included in the study, of which 30 were having ofbabies delivered with NTDs, matched with 90 mothers delivered babies without NTDs (Threecontrols for each NTD case). Informations were collected on special Performa, data was analyzedon SPSS version 20. Results: Majority of the patients in both groups were found between 31-40 years of age, 43.33 %( n13) in patients with NTD group and 56.67 %( n51) in controls whileonly 16.67% (n5) in NTD and 17.78 % (n16) were found between 21-30 years. The mean agewas recorded as 33.06+1.21 and 32.12+ 0.89 respectively. Regarding parity, 23.33% (n7) werefound between P1-2, 26.67% (n11) were P2-3 while 40% (n12) with Parity >4 in the NTD group,while 21.11% (n19) were p1-2, 37.77% (n 34) with P 3-4 and 41.12% (n37) were P >4 in controlgroup. 86.67% (n 26) were found with poor economic status and 13.33% (n4) were found withrich status in NTDs, while 18.89% (n17) were found with poor and 81.11% (n73) with rich statusin control group. Distribution of fetuses according to their gender revealed that 20% (n6) weremales, and 80% (n24) were females in NTDs while 47.77 %( n43) were found males and 52.23%(n47) were females in controls. Regarding family history 80% (n24) with positive history of NTDsin patients of NTD group and 20% (n6) with no history while 4.44% (n4) had positive history and95.56% (n86) had no familial history of NTD in control cases. About previous history of NTDs,93.33% (n28) were found with positive previous history of NTDs and only 6.67% (n2)with noprevious history of NTDs in NTD group, while only 5.56% (n5) were found with positive previoushistory of NTDs and 94.44%(n85) with no previous history in controls. Conclusions: Poor socioeconomic status, family history and previous history of a baby with Neural tube defects are themajor risk factors.

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Medication Overuse Headache

Migraine ◽

10.5772/intechopen.93842 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dhruv Bansal ◽

Pritesh Pranay ◽

Fayyaz Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Medication Overuse ◽

Medication Overuse Headache ◽

Previous History ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Primary Headache ◽

Secondary Headache ◽

Prophylactic Drugs ◽

History Of ◽

Withdrawal Therapy ◽

The Individual

Medication overuse headache (MOH) is defined in the latest ICHD-3 criteria as a secondary headache caused by worsening of a pre-existing headache (usually a primary headache) owing to overuse of one or more attack-aborting or pain-relieving medications. MOH can be debilitating and results from biochemical and functional brain changes induced by certain medications taken too frequently. Various risk factors some modifiable, other non-modifiable (Multiple Gene Polymorphisms) have been hypothesised in MOH. Psychiatric co-morbidities in MOH are noticeably (anxiety and depression) found to be co morbid disorders by more than chance. This has to be managed effectively along with treatment strategies for MOH for efficacious response to withdrawal treatment. Ample literature and clinical evidence shown in prospective trials, that withdrawal therapy is the best treatment for MOH. The mainstay of MOH treatment is not only to detoxify the patients and to stop the chronic headache but also, most likely, to improve responsiveness to acute or prophylactic drugs. Studies advocating prophylactic treatment with good response to mainly topiramate and OnabotulinumtoxinA do exist, less prominent for prednisolone, however, not recommended for every patient. Management may be complex and must be done via MDT approach with involvement of specialists when needed along with incorporating adequate treatment of acute withdrawal symptoms, educational and behavioural programs to ensure patient understanding of the condition and compliance. There are arguments on either sides of inpatient and outpatient withdrawal for MOH patients dependent heavily on the individual circumstances i.e. patient’s motivation, the duration of the overuse, the type of overused drugs, possible previous history of detoxification failures and co morbidities. Treatment trials are still required to determine for clinicians the best evidence-based approach for helping these patients break their headache cycle.

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Risk factors of early and late preterm birth

Nepal Medical College Journal ◽

10.3126/nmcj.v23i2.38583 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 179-184

Author(s):

Upanish Oli ◽

Radhika Upreti ◽

Neebha Ojha ◽

Meeta Singh

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Previous History ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive History ◽

History Of ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Preterm birth (PTB) is one of the major causes of morbidity in newborn. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and to compare the associated risk factors of early and late PTB. This was a hospital-based cross sectional study conducted in 2016/2017. Women, 271, having PTB at 28-33+6 weeks period of gestation was taken as early PTB and 34-36+6 were taken as late PTB. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire, patients’ record book, adopting face- to - face interview technique and clinical examination. The annual prevalence of PTB was 7.25% of which 11% were <28+0 weeks, early PTB was 32% and late PTB was 57%. Mother with school education were 2.0 times more likely to have early preterm births than those having higher education (P-value: 0.005, COR: 2.061,95% CI:1.234-3.441). Mothers with positive history of PTB in any of previous pregnancy was 10.7 times more likely to have early PTB in current pregnancy (P-value: <0.001, COR: 10.677, 95% CI: 2.792 – 40.746). Both variables were found to have independent risk on early PTB in logistic regression analysis (education: P-value: 0.027, aOR: 2.973, 95% CI: 1.132- 3.047; previous history of PTB: P-value: 0.002, aOR: 9.191, 95% CI: 2.308 - 36.596). Early and late PTB have differential risk factors. Mothers with positive history of PTB and having lower level of education were more likely to have early PTB.

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Headache During Gestation: Evaluation of 1101 Women

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/s0317167100006028 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 187-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Eliana M. Melhado ◽

Jayme A. Maciel ◽

Carlos A.M. Guerreiro

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

International Headache Society ◽

Previous History ◽

Primary Headache ◽

Secondary Headache ◽

History Of ◽

New Type ◽

International Headache Society Classification ◽

Structured Questionnaire ◽

New Onset

Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of headache in women with a previous history or new-onset headache during the current gestation, classify the findings, and describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of the headache.Methods:From January/1998 to June/2002 we prospectively evaluated 1101 pregnant women (12-45 years old), with a history of headache, at two prenatal clinics and an inpatient obstetric public hospital. Women were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire during the first, second, and third gestation trimesters and immediately after delivery. All interviews were conducted by one of the authors, using the International Headache Society Classification (IHSC-2004).Results:In 1029 women there was a history of headache prior to the current pregnancy, 36 (3.4%) women first experienced headache during this pregnancy and 40 patients experienced new types of headache. In these 76 patients with new onset headache during pregnancy, 40 had secondary headache (52.6%), 31 had primary headache (40.8%), and 5 had headache not classified elsewhere (6.6%). According to IHSC- 2004 criteria, we found migraine in 848/1029 women (82.4%), with pregestational headache.Conclusions:Most of the pregnant women presented with headache, mainly in migraine, prior to pregnancy, and most of the headaches improved or disappeared during the second and third gestation trimester. In a relatively small number of pregnant women, a new type of headache started during the gestation.

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Clinical description of hemodialysis headache in end-stage renal disease patients

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2009000600003 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 978-981 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alan Chester Feitosa de Jesus ◽

Hélio Araújo Oliveira ◽

Marcelo Oliveira Ribeiro Paixão ◽

Thalyta Porto Fraga ◽

Felipe José N. Barreto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Previous History ◽

Primary Headache ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

Temporal Region ◽

Hemiplegic Migraine ◽

History Of ◽

Clinical Description ◽

Type Headache ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis (HD)-related headaches are a common complaint of patients undergoing this procedure. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of headache in patients undergoing HD and to discuss their diagnostic criteria. METHOD: The present study assessed, in a prospective manner, a series of patients consulting at a HD center in Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, from November 2007 to January 2008. Only patients with HD-related headaches without previous history of primary headache were diagnosed as isolated HD headache (HDH). RESULTS: Headache was reported by 76.1% of the patients studied. Prior to beginning dialysis, 47.9% had migraine without aura, 6.7% migraine with aura, 0.6% hemiplegic migraine, 5% episodic tension-type headache, and 2.5% migraine and tension-type headache. HDH was diagnosed in 6.7% of the patients, the most prevalent features being diffuse or temporal region location, bilateral headache, throbbing nature, and moderate severity. Seven patients with headaches between the sessions were not classified. CONCLUSION: While the pathophysiology of HDH is unknown, to diagnose patients with HDH or other possible HD-related headaches remains a challenge.

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