scholarly journals Un inedito saggio di Irving Lavin sui monumenti equestri e alcune riflessioni sull’ultimo segmento di attività dello studioso

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Francesco Lofano
Keyword(s):  
Literary Culture ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
American Art ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Career ◽  
Critical Methodology ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Short Essay ◽  
Made In

This is a proposed translation to Italian of the inedited essay by Irving Lavin (1927- 2019), dedicated to the birth of the equestrian monuments of the humanistic age. The short essay by the American art historian is introduced by a study in which the genesis of St. Louis’ highly important contributions is examined, which is inscribed within a silloge, result of a thoughtful sedimentation in which Lavin was immersed during the last decades of his life, and dedicated to the theme of art of commemoration. Starting from an exam of the main characteristics of Lavin’s critical methodology, this contribution explores the dense plot, made of cultural references, and complex strategies of analyses through which the short essay evolves. Thus it emerges that the formal and iconographic exam is breaching towards the discovery of connections, with literary testimonies and contemporary philosophies, enlightening the choices made in the elaboration of the same figurative scripts. However, the relations with the literary culture do not assume a mechanical dependency from it; similarly, while unraveling a vast knowledge, the American art historian finds the articulate relationships between works and social groups: nevertheless, the analysis is always stopped to prevent any deterministic subordination of the formal to the latter. On the other hand, such exam is generally tenaciously repeating the centrality of figurative text, of which Lavin is the committed spokesman throughout his illuminating scientific career. Indeed, the same figurative text is an assertive and synthetic representation of ideological demands in accordance with the idea, largely defended by the scholar, of the “modern” artist’s conscience, which is fully conscious of its own intellectual resources.

Dziedzictwo dawnej Rzeczypospolitej w języku pierwszego polskiego przekładu poematu „Metai” Kristijonasa Donelaitisa

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-400
Author(s):  
Jolanta Mędelska
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Journalism ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Influence Of Substrate ◽  
The One ◽  
Made In

The author analysed the language of the first Polish translation of the eighteenth-century poem “Metai” [The Seasons] by Kristijonas Donelaitis, a Lithuanian Lutheran pastor. The translation was made in 1933 by a socialist activist and close associate of Józef Piłsudski, Kazimierz Pietkiewicz. The analysis showed that the language of the translation is peculiar. On the one hand, this peculiarity consists in refraining from archaizing the translation and the use of elements that are close to the translator’s style of social-political journalism (e.g., dorobkiewicz [vulgarian], feministka [feminist]), on the other hand, the presence at all levels of language of peculiarities characteristic for Kresy Polish language in both its territorial variations. These are generally old features of common Polish, the retention of which in the eastern areas of the Polish Rzeczpospolita was supported by the influence of substrate languages, later also Russian, or by borrowing. This layer was natural in the language of the translator, born in Ukraine, who spent part of his life in Vilnius, some in exile in Russia. This is the colourful linguistic heritage of the former Republic of Poland.

scholarly journals FORMULASI MASKER GEL PEEL-OFF PERASAN LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera L.) DENGAN GELLING AGENT POLIVINIL ALKOHOL

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Ivan Santoso ◽  
Tria Prayoga ◽  
Ika Agustina ◽  
Wiwit Setya Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local People ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Made In

Aloe vera (Aloe Vera L.) is a plant which commonly used by local people as moisturizer. The usage of aloe vera can be applied in form of peeled off gel mask with polyvinyl alcohol as gelling agent. The goal of this research is to determine the influence of increase of polyvinyl alcohol as gelling agent to the formulation of peeled off mask from aloe vera juice. The formulation was made in a few concentration, 10%, 12%, and 14% by adding 0,5% of aloe vera juice. After that, the formulation evaluated for 4 weeks about the organoleptics, homogenity, pH, drying time and viscosity. The date of pH test and drying time analyzed by using one way ANOVA statistically and then followed by Tukey HSD test and the viscosity analyzed by using Kruskall Wallis statistically which result in the significantcy less than 0,05 that mean there are difference in drying time and viscosity, on the other hand there is no difference in pH.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF CODE SWITCHING USED BY ENGLISH TEACHER BASED ON GENDER INEQUALITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Chotibul Umam ◽  
Dita Sukawati ◽  
Fadilla Oktaviana
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
The Other ◽  
English Teacher ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Made In

In this research, the writer was aimed to find out the types of code switching that used by English teacher based on gender inequality and the reasons of using code switching that used by English teacher based on gender inequality. The writer was conducted case study in qualitative method. In collecting the data, the writer used observation by using video recording and interview. The result of the research shows that the writer found three types from each teacher based on gender inequality by observation. The types are inter-sentential, intra-sentential and tag switching. In the other hand, each types that used by English teacher based on gender inequality was made in number percentages, for female English teacher are inter sentential code switching 54%, intra sentential code switching 38% and tag switching 8%. Moreover, for male English teacher are inter sentential code switching 42%, intra sentential code switching 41% and tag switching 18%. In the other words, interview was used to find out the reasons that used by English teacher based on gender inequality. The reasons are talking about particular topic, repetition, Interjection and Raising status.

The Birth of New Russian Meanings (the 10th – Beginning of the 13th Centuries)

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 381-410
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Perevezentsev
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The article examines the development of Christian truths by ancient Russian thinkers in the first centuries after the Baptism of Russia – from the end of the 10th to the 13th centuries. On the one hand, it shows the contradictory process of Christianization of different social groups of ancient Russian society. On the other hand, Russian spiritual and political thought of this period is analyzed, and the semantic content of the first Russian Christian writings is revealed, from the “Words on Law and Grace” by Metropolitan Hilarion of Kiev to Vladimir Monomakh’s “Teachings” and Daniel Zatochnik’s “Word”. The research allows us to say that in the course of understanding the main Christian dogmas, Russian spiritual and political thinkers substantiated new and eternal meanings of historical and posthumous existence.

Remnants of Virgil, Ovid, and Paul in Titus Andronicus

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
Catherine Winiarski
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protestant Reformation ◽  
Titus Andronicus ◽  
Model Form ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Post War ◽  
Made In

Employing Linda Hutcheon’s analogy between biological and cultural adaptation, this chapter analyzes how the survivors of the Roman-Gothic war in Shakespeare’s Titus Andronicus adapt figures and narratives of the survivor—or remnant—from Virgil, Ovid, and St. Paul as strategic models in the covert, post-war feud of the play’s action. Titus assumes Virgil’s model of the remnant as non-regenerative and stoic; Tamora, on the other hand, employs Ovid’s regenerative and vengeful model, and eventually converts Titus to it. Their violent conflict and absorption in their revenge plots form the conditions for the emergence of a different kind of remnant: the remaining Romans and Goths who, according to a Pauline model, form a new incorporated community. The formation of this community arguably speaks to the context of the Protestant Reformation in Shakespeare’s England, in which violent excisions were made in the name of a latter-day Pauline community.

Hierarchy and Heredity

Born to Write ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Neil Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Modern France ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Modern France

Families were fundamental to social hierarchy in early modern France. Birth was widely accepted to indicate one’s divinely ordained social status, even if that view was not universal—in practice, some freedom was allowed for individuals to improve their status (especially among certain social groups) or indeed to worsen it. Certainly, the relation of birth to social status varied. It had a changing history even in respect of the nobility, which could be entered by routes other than birth. But birth was primordial at all levels of society, and for the nobility it became even more so in France in the second half of the sixteenth century and in the seventeenth. It was widely believed that the members of a given noble family shared their own, generally superior, instantiation of human nature. On the other hand, heredity was widely believed to predispose commoners too in certain directions.

The Letter of Recommendation as Strange Work

PMLA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 954-962
Author(s):  
Margaret Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Free Lunch ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Gift ◽  
English Major ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One ◽  
Gift Certificate ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Made In

On the one hand, the gift presents itself as a radical Other of the commodity—and therefore also of work, insofar as the latter is understood as an investment of time and energy made in the expectation of wages or profit. On the other hand, the idea of the gift seems constantly to be drawn back under the horizon of rational exchange, and to be thus endlessly re-revealed as a secret ally of both work and the Work.—Scott Cutler Shershow, The Work and the GiftI have put together all these details to convince you that this recommendation of mine is something out of the common.Quae ego omnia collegi, ut intellegeres non vulgarem esse commendationem hanc meam.—Cicero, Epistulae ad familiares, book 13LAST FALL I FOUND IN MY OFFICE MAILBOX AN ENVELOPE FROM A SOPHOMORE ENGLISH MAJOR WHO HAD ASKED ME DURING THE SUMMER for a last-minute letter of recommendation for a scholarship competition. The envelope contained a handwritten thank-you note—and a gift certificate for a local restaurant. I e-mailed the student to thank her and to tell her that I couldn't accept the gift certificate since the letter I had written for her was part of my job as a teacher. She insisted; I insisted. She said that several teachers had turned her down before I agreed (from a hotel in Germany) to write for her. I felt rueful, as well as grateful to her for the token of gratitude that I couldn't accept. Eventually she won the debate: I accepted the printed piece of paper and took my daughters out to a free lunch.

scholarly journals Newton as an experimenter

1943 ◽  
Vol 181 (986) ◽  
pp. 244-250
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Work ◽  
Furnace Operation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Made In ◽  
Grinding And Polishing ◽  
At Home

The duty has been assigned to me of telling you something about Newton as an experimentalist. As the result of a study of what is known of his history, it seems to me that among his various intellectual pursuits experiment was his first love and the love to which he was most constant. Strange though it be, he seems in some moods to have doubted whether his theoretical studies were worth while, and I do not recall any case where he expressed himself enthusiastically about them. On the other hand, he speaks of his optical work as ‘The oddest if not the most considerable detection which has hitherto been made in the operation of nature.’ Newton loved the mechanical side of experimental work. As a boy he constructed sundials, and, what is more, fixed one of them into the side of the house effectually enough for it to be there a century later. A notebook of his boyhood shows him assiduous in collecting recipes for various kinds of drawing materials, and he notes methods of performing some (rather nasty) conjuring tricks. Later on, when he is making his reflecting telescope, it is obvious that he is a skilled amateur mechanic, at home in furnace operation. He builds his own brick furnace, prepares speculum metal, and is apparently more successful than the professional opticians of the time in grinding and polishing it to a satisfactory spherical figure. (The days of parabolizing were not yet.) It was not until a good many years later that they were able to put such instruments on the market.

Foundations of Rivalry Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Dreyer
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Measurement Reliability ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Conceptual Mapping ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ordinal Measure ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Made In ◽  
Measurement Validity

Rivalry is pervasive in many areas of life. Though rivalry is not isolated to international politics, interstate rivalries are particularly important given their conflict propensities and destructiveness. Tremendous progress has been made in determining the causes of rivalry initiation, maintenance, escalation, and termination. What we know empirically about rivalry, however, hinges on how the concept of rivalry is defined and which dyads are identified as rivals for which periods of time. Though the what, who, and when questions of rivalry may seem straightforward and the answers to such questions in some cases obvious, defining and identifying rivals has not been without scholarly controversy. There are several approaches to conceptualizing and operationalizing rivalry. Each approach has strengths and weaknesses. Dispute density approaches, for example, which identify rivals as states that engage in repeated instances of militarized conflict over time, have higher levels of measurement reliability than validity. The strategic rivalry approach, on the other hand, which identifies rivals as states that view one another as threatening competitors and enemies, has a higher level of measurement validity than reliability. Rather than advocating one approach over another, the intent of this article is to lay bare the strengths and weaknesses of different ways of identifying cases of rivalry. Existing rivalry research provides a foundation from which to further develop rivalry approaches. Given that the concept of rivalry has only recently been applied outside of the dyadic interstate context, additive research is still needed on rivalry in intrastate, triadic and multistate, and other settings. Due to the existence of several mature dyadic interstate rivalry approaches, on the other hand, developing additional distinct approaches for the dyadic interstate context is less imperative than integrating existing approaches. There are several ways this can potentially be done, such as by combining elements of multiple perspectives in ways that minimize weaknesses, through conceptual mapping, or by developing an ordinal measure of rivalry.

scholarly journals Nuevos enfoques de la independencia judicial. Dos puntas de iceberg en la reforma de la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial: la comisión permanente del CGPJ y el gabinete técnico del Tribunal Supremo

2016 ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Rosa María Fernández Riveira
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Judicial Independence ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Council ◽  
The Political ◽  
Permanent Commission ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Made In

Este trabajo estudia dos reformas concretas de la Ley orgánica del Poder Judicial que se producen en octubre de 2015: la Comisión Permanente, como órgano del Consejo que ve incrementado su número de vocales, sus competencias y que situado bajo la dirección del Presidente del Consejo ha ido creciendo en relevancia; y el Gabinete Técnico del Tribunal Supremo, que se regula también como órgano al servicio del Tribunal pero bajo la obediencia y dirección del Presidente. Un órgano que asume unas competencias muy importantes en un momento en el que se reforma la vieja casación pasando a ser un recurso determinado por el «interés casacional objetivo». Estos dos cambios, como puntas de iceberg, son el aviso de nuevos enfoques sobre planteamientos clásicos acerca de la independencia judicial tales como: las relaciones existentes entre el Consejo General del Poder judicial y el Tribunal Supremo, la presencia del elemento político en el corazón de la independencia judicial, la enorme relevancia de un proceso de selección de nuestros jueces justo, plural y confiable y la necesidad de articular mecanismos de responsabilidad judicial institucional e individual.This paper analyses two reforms about Organic Law of Judiciary which have been made in October 2015: the Permanent Commission as part of Council body that it has seen increasing its competences and it works under careful supervision of the President of the General Council of the Judiciary. It has suffered an augmentation of members on its composition and it has got more relevance as important voice in the General Council and, on the other hand, the Technical office of the Supreme Court, which has been redesigned with new competences working under Instructions of President. And all these changes are been implemented at the same time that it has been adopted the new cassation appeal. Both reforms as iceberg’s tips are performing important reflections about classical principles for example: different manners to understand the judicial independence, the political element within judicial independence, the relevance of appointment judicial processes and of course the accountability discourse as essential part within the judicial independence.

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