scholarly journals Are combi parks just as useful as regular parks for fatteners for part-time group housing of rabbit does?

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorine Rommers ◽  
Karel H. De Greef
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Skin Injuries ◽  
Nest Box ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Pvc Pipe ◽  
Average Skin

<p>Group housing of lactating rabbit does is desirable from a welfare standpoint, but agonistic behaviour can cause severe skin injuries, which are undesired for animal welfare. Park layout, creating hiding places and escape possibilities, may help redirect attention away from fighting, which could in turn help prevent skin damage. An experiment was performed to test whether more damaging behaviour would occur in a combi park (with nest box panels) after mixing, compared to a regular park for fatteners, as nest box panels would obstruct does when escaping aggressive interactions. In addition, the position of the PVC pipe underneath the platform differed between parks (longitudinal or transversal), resulting in different escape routes. Twenty-two parks were used, in which 5 does per park were grouped at 23 d of lactation until weaning at 36 d of lactation. Skin injuries were scored at 4 d after grouping and on the day before weaning. The presence of nest box panels in a combi park and the position of the PVC pipe underneath the platform did not affect the level of skin damage. Moderate to severe injuries were observed, mostly at the hind quarters, ears and head. Five to 6% of the does were severely injured (wounds). There was a positive relationship between the average skin injury per park at 4 d after grouping and at weaning. On average, average injury score per park increased from grouping to weaning, but there are differences between individual parks. From this experiment it can be concluded that group housing of lactating rabbit does involves animals getting injured. In fact, 5 to 6% of the does were severely injured (wounds). Social dynamics of group housed does are insufficiently understood and might be important to reduce damaging behaviour in group housing.</p>

scholarly journals Skin Barrier Damage due to Prolonged Mask Use among Healthcare Workers and the General Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Survey in China

Dermatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiao Wan ◽  
Quansheng Lu ◽  
Dandan Sun ◽  
Hong Wu ◽  
Guan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Population History ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Skin Injuries ◽  
Popularization Of Science

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resurged in localized areas in China. Individuals wear masks to prevent the spread of droplets. However, skin barrier damage occurs because of the prolonged use of masks. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of skin injuries among healthcare workers (HCWs) and the general population during the COVID-19 outbreak. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A multicenter cross-sectional study of skin barrier damage caused by wearing masks was conducted using an online questionnaire between December 10 and December 31, 2020. Data regarding demographics, characteristics of facial skin damage, and information on masks were registered. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with skin barrier damage, and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to establish correlation strength. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 1,538 responses were retrieved from 1,700 questionnaires (response rate, 90.47%), and 1,409 questionnaires were valid (effective response rate, 91.61%). The respondents comprised 567 HCWs (40.24%) and 842 individuals from the general population (59.76%). The prevalence of skin injuries was 46.03% among HCWs and 46.20% among the general population. History of chronic skin disease (OR, 6.01; 95% CI, 4.75–7.75), type of mask used (OR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.95–3.93), daily wearing time (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.36–1.82), and mask replacement cycle (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.68–0.86) were associated with skin barrier damage. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> There was a high incidence of skin barrier damage due to prolonged mask use among HCWs and the general population, and treatment and prevention were inadequate. Attention needs to be given to strengthening comprehensive health education and popularization of science.

scholarly journals Behaviour and skin injuries of sows kept in a novel group housing system during lactation

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 749-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilith Schrey ◽  
Nicole Kemper ◽  
Michaela Fels
Keyword(s):  
Housing System ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Skin Injuries

scholarly journals Loss of GPVI and GPIbα contributes to trauma-induced platelet dysfunction in severely injured patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 2623-2630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Vulliamy ◽  
Samantha J. Montague ◽  
Scarlett Gillespie ◽  
Melissa V. Chan ◽  
Lucy A. Coupland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Platelet Dysfunction ◽  
Severely Injured Patients ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Glycoprotein Vi ◽  
Active Hemorrhage ◽  
Injured Patients

Abstract Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is a complex, multifactorial failure of hemostasis that occurs in 25% of severely injured patients and results in a fourfold higher mortality. However, the role of platelets in this state remains poorly understood. We set out to identify molecular changes that may underpin platelet dysfunction after major injury and to determine how they relate to coagulopathy and outcome. We performed a range of hemostatic and platelet-specific studies in blood samples obtained from critically injured patients within 2 hours of injury and collected prospective data on patient characteristics and clinical outcomes. We observed that, although platelet counts were preserved above critical levels, circulating platelets sampled from trauma patients exhibited a profoundly reduced response to both collagen and the selective glycoprotein VI (GPVI) agonist collagen-related peptide, compared with those from healthy volunteers. These responses correlated closely with overall clot strength and mortality. Surface expression of the collagen receptors GPIbα and GPVI was reduced on circulating platelets in trauma patients, with increased levels of the shed ectodomain fragment of GPVI detectable in plasma. Levels of shed GPVI were highest in patients with more severe injuries and TIC. Collectively, these observations demonstrate that platelets experience a loss of GPVI and GPIbα after severe injury and translate into a reduction in the responsiveness of platelets during active hemorrhage. In turn, they are associated with reduced hemostatic competence and increased mortality. Targeting proteolytic shedding of platelet receptors is a potential therapeutic strategy for maintaining hemostatic competence in bleeding and improving the efficacy of platelet transfusions.

Effects of housing conditions on behaviour and physiology in the Finnraccoon (Nyctereutes procyonoides ussuriensis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-255
Author(s):  
T Koistinen ◽  
A-M Moisander-Jylha ◽  
HT Korhonen
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Nyctereutes Procyonoides ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Time Behaviour ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Nest Box ◽  
Physiological Variables

The welfare of juvenile Finnraccoons (Nyctereutes procyonoides ussuriensis) was compared between various housing conditions through the measurement of day-time behaviour and physiological variables. For the small control treatment (SC), Finnraccoons were raised in pairs in small cages; in the large area treatment (LA), in pairs in large cages; in the large control treatment (LC), in groups of four in large cages and in the large enrichment treatment (LE), in groups of four in large cages with access to a nest-box and a large tube, from weaning to pelting time. Study subjects consisted of a total of 152 Finnraccoons. As autumn progressed, day-time resting increased, especially allohuddling; while active behaviours decreased. Allohuddling was the most common type of resting; apart from in the LE treatment, resting shelters were used effectively alongside allohuddling. Locomotion was observed more frequently in LA and LC treatments, ie in large cages without shelters. The nest-box roof was preferred to the platform as an elevated location, and the nest-box to the tube as a resting shelter. Agonistic interactions were not observed. Males grew heavier than females and had heavier organs. No systematic differences in haematological and other physiological parameters were found between the treatments. Catching time was shortest in the SC treatment. The LE treatment compromised animals cleanliness. Based on the intensive positive social interactions and regular shelter use, group housing and access to resting shelters are recommended for juvenile Finnraccoons.

scholarly journals Human mesenchymal stem cells are resistant to UV-B irradiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Lopez Perez ◽  
Jannek Brauer ◽  
Alexander Rühle ◽  
Thuy Trinh ◽  
Sonevisay Sisombath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
P53 Protein ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Clonogenic Survival ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Human Mscs ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Skin Injuries

AbstractAlbeit being an effective therapy for various cutaneous conditions, UV-B irradiation can cause severe skin damage. While multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may aid the regeneration of UV-B-induced skin injuries, the influence of UV-B irradiation on MSCs remains widely unknown. Here, we show that human MSCs are relatively resistant to UV-B irradiation compared to dermal fibroblasts. MSCs exhibited higher clonogenic survival, proliferative activity and viability than dermal fibroblasts after exposure to UV-B irradiation. Cellular adhesion, morphology and expression of characteristic surface marker patterns remained largely unaffected in UV-irradiated MSCs. The differentiation ability along the adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages was preserved after UV-B treatment. However, UV-B radiation resulted in a reduced ability of MSCs and dermal fibroblasts to migrate. MSCs exhibited low apoptosis rates after UV-B irradiation and repaired UV-B-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers more efficiently than dermal fibroblasts. UV-B irradiation led to prolonged p53 protein stability and increased p21 protein expression resulting in a prolonged G2 arrest and senescence induction in MSCs. The observed resistance may contribute to the ability of these multipotent cells to aid the regeneration of UV-B-induced skin injuries.

Seasonal Variation in Frequencies and Rates of Highway Accidents as Function of Severity

1997 ◽  
Vol 1581 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Brown ◽  
Karsten Baass
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Material Damage ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Serious Injury ◽  
Minor Injuries

After a study of the identification of dangerous highway locations in Quebec, the appropriateness of comparisons with U.S. statistics was questioned. It was noted that between 30 and 50 percent of highway accidents in Quebec are associated with harsh meteorological conditions, including rain, snow, hail, and icy conditions, and it was implied that these conditions would contribute to a poorer safety record. To better understand the seasonal variation of highway accidents, monthly numbers and rates of highway accidents of differing severities were examined. The analysis uses all police-reported accidents associated with numbered roads in the Montérégie region of Quebec between 1989 and 1992. Monthly rates of victims per 100 million vehicle km traveled are calculated, as well as the frequency (number) of victims deceased, severely injured, and with minor injuries. Material-damage-only accidents are similarly tabulated. The lowest numbers and rates of death and serious injury occur in winter months. However, accidents with material damage only are most frequent, and have their highest rates, in winter months. Winter is associated with low mortality and serious injury and high numbers and rates of minor accidents. There is a negative correlation between the monthly rankings of injury rates when severe injuries and deaths are compared with material-damage-only accidents. These results underline a point that deserves more attention: conditions associated with mortality and serious injury are in many ways distinct and different from conditions associated with minor injuries and material-damage-only accidents and are poorly, and even negatively in the present example, correlated with these conditions.

Use of Alternate Healthcare Facilities as Alternate Transport Destinations during a Mass-Casualty Incident

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik S. Glassman ◽  
Steven J. Parrillo
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Mass Casualty Incident ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Urgent Care ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Ambulatory Surgery Centers ◽  
Injured Patients

AbstractThe purpose of this discussion is to review the use of destinations other than the hospital emergency department, to transport patients injured as a result of a mass-casualty incident (MCI). A MCI has the ability to overwhelm traditional hospital resources normally thought of as appropriate destinations for the transport of injured patients. As a result, those with less severe injuries often are required to wait before they can receive definitive treatment. This waiting period, either at the scene of the incident or in the emergency department, can increase morbidity and drain resources that can be better directed toward the transport and care of those more severely injured. Potential alternate transport destinations include physician office buildings, ambulatory care centers, ambulatory surgery centers, and urgent care centers. By allowing for transport to alternate locations, these less severely injured patients can be removed rapidly from the scene, treated, and potentially released. This effort can decrease the strain on traditional resources within the system, better allowing these resources to treat more seriously injured patients.

scholarly journals 793 The Giant Hogweed as A Rare Cause of Chemical Burns: A Case Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S K Lim ◽  
J Clements ◽  
K Khan
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Topical Steroids ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Chemical Burns ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Heracleum Mantegazzianum ◽  
Prolonged Contact

Abstract Introduction The Giant Hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) is a rare cause for chemical burns in humans and animals and is acquiring growing recognition in mainstream media as a relevant public health concern. Injuries attributed to this plant range from innocuous superficial irritation to full-thickness chemical burns. A vast majority of cases will resolve with conservative measures and effective first aid, but these case series demonstrate the clinical course of more severe injuries. Description We present a case series of 2 patients requiring admission to the Royal Group Hospitals for management of mixed thickness hogweed burns. Injuries were sustained by two separate infestations of giant hogweed in the Western Trust Area. Both patients responded to observation and conservative measures, namely effective analgesia, UV light protection, topical hydrocortisone, and dressings. Discussion Cutaneous burns induced by giant hogweed are caused by contact with its photoactive sap containing plant furocoumarins. On exposure to sunlight, the sap initiates a damaging process known as phytophotodermatitis (PPD). This process can be managed effectively with topical steroids; however, prolonged contact and subsequent sun exposure may lead to more severe skin damage. In extremely rare instances, damage may progress to full-thickness skin burns warranting operative intervention.

scholarly journals A review of recent research outcomes on the housing of farmed domestic rabbits: reproducing does

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Szendrő ◽  
Angela Trocino ◽  
Steffen Hoy ◽  
Gerolamo Xiccato ◽  
Arantxa Villagrá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Continuous Group ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Alternative Housing ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Welfare Quality ◽  
Domestic Rabbits ◽  
Hygienic Conditions

<p>The housing of farmed animals is increasingly scrutinised by society and thereby subject to a change towards more animal-friendly systems. For rabbits, also kept as pets, there are no EC regulations regarding their housing under farming conditions. In many countries, studies have been carried out to improve their welfare and health under current and alternative housing systems. This paper reviews and integrates the research efforts made since the EFSA report in 2005 on reproducing rabbit does and provides some conclusions, where possible, with special emphasis on animal welfare according to the principles stated by the Welfare Quality® project, i.e. good housing, good health and appropriate behaviour. The use of an elevated platform provides greater opportunities for does and their kits to move, jumping up and down. Management and housing systems (especially flooring) must guarantee good hygienic conditions (all-in, all-out) and separation of the rabbits from their excreta for proper resting places, hygiene and health. Plastic floors and footrests and environmental enrichments (e.g. gnawing material) are also recommended. Continuous group housing systems for reproducing females have been definitively proven to challenge animal welfare by increased aggression and injuries among does and to kits. Part-time group housing systems have proven to have potential, but cannot yet be recommended in farms until major problems of aggression and injuries among animals are solved.</p>

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