Risk Factors and Strategies for Prevention of Breast Cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-449
Author(s):  
Sameh Mikhail ◽  
Jennifer Eng-Wong
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prevention Of Breast Cancer

FORMATION OF THE CULTURE OF PREVENTION OF BREAST CANCER THROUGH SELF-OBSERVATION AND SELF-EXAMINATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateryna Mulyk ◽  
◽  
Aleksander Skaliy ◽  
Larysa Ruban ◽  
Liana Duhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
The World ◽  
Culture Of Prevention ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
Prevention Of Breast Cancer

The article is devoted to breast cancer, a common cancer among women around the world. The level of awareness of applicants and employees of the Kharkov State Academy of Physical Culture regarding risk factors and clinical features of breast cancer, as well as self-examination procedures was analyzed. It has been proven that the formation of a culture of prevention of breast cancer through self-observation and self-examination of young Ukrainian women can save human lives, since raising public awareness and gaining practical knowledge will certainly change the fate of many people.

scholarly journals A Review of Modifiable Risk Factors in Young Women for the Prevention of Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 241-257
Author(s):  
Alex A Daly ◽  
Rachel Rolph ◽  
Ramsey I Cutress ◽  
Ellen R Copson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Prevention Of Breast Cancer

Exemestane for primary prevention of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: NCIC CTG MAP.3—A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. LBA504-LBA504 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Goss ◽  
J. N. Ingle ◽  
J. Ales-Martinez ◽  
A. Cheung ◽  
R. T. Chlebowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevention Of Breast Cancer

LBA504 Background: Limited efficacy and serious toxicities have limited uptake of tamoxifen or raloxifene as preventatives of breast cancer. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) prevent contralateral breast cancers more than tamoxifen in adjuvant trials and have fewer serious side effects. This is the first report of an AI used in primary prevention. Methods: NCIC CTG MAP.3 is a randomized trial designed to detect a 65% reduction in annual incidence of invasive breast cancer (IBC) on exemestane (E) versus placebo (P). Eligible postmenopausal women had ≥ one of the following risk factors: Gail score >1.66%, prior ADH, ALH, LCIS or DCIS with mastectomy, age over 60. Health-related and menopause-specific quality of life (QOL) were assessed by SF-36 and MENQOL questionnaires. Results: From 2004-2010, 4,560 women were randomized: age 62.5 yrs (37-90); Gail Score 2.3 % (0.6-21); BMI 28.0 kg/m2 (15.9-65.4). Risk factors included: age >60 yrs (49%); Gail score >1.66 (40%); and prior ADH, ALH, LCIS or DCIS with mastectomy (11%). At median follow-up of 35 months there were 11 IBCs on E and 32 on P (annual incidence 0.19% vs 0.55%; HR= 0.35, 95% CI 0.18-0.70, p = 0.002); ductal (10E/27P), lobular (1E/5P). Most tumors were ER positive (7E/27P); Her2/neu negative (10E/26P); TNM stage T1 (8E/28P), N0 (7E/22P), M0 (11E/30P). E was superior in all subgroups: by Gail score, age, BMI, prior LCIS and DCIS. The annual incidence rate of IBC or DCIS was 0.35% E and 0.77% P (HR=0.47;95% CI 0.27-0.79; p = 0.004) based on 64 IBCs or DCISs (20E/44P). Clinical bone fractures, osteoporosis, hypercholesterolemia or cardiovascular events were equal in both arms. No clinically meaningful differences in QOL were detected. Conclusions: Exemestane significantly reduced invasive and pre-invasive breast cancers in postmenopausal women at increased risk for breast cancer with no serious toxicities. Exemestane should be considered a new option for primary prevention of breast cancer. Supported by the Canadian Cancer Society; Pfizer Inc. PEG supported in part by Avon Foundation.

scholarly journals TO WARN IS TO WIN: THE RESULTS OF A SOCIAL INITIATIVE IN THE FRAMEWORK OF PREVENTION AND RISK REDUCTION OF BREAST CANCER IN KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Sh. J. Talayeva
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Personal Involvement ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
The World ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Prevention Of Breast Cancer

The article describes the importance and need for the prevention of breast cancer - the most common cancer of women in the world. Increasing the awareness of gynecologists about breast cancer risk factors, as well as their personal involvement in the process of early detection and adequate treatment of mastopathy, is an important element of the cancer prevention strategy.

Prevention of breast cancer in the general population: Is it a cultural issue?

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22511-e22511
Author(s):  
Fernanda Estefanía Rivera ◽  
Carolina Moreno Licea ◽  
Heriberto Medina Franco ◽  
Karina Sánchez Reyes ◽  
Miguel Varela Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
Open Population ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Prevention Of Breast Cancer

e22511 Background: Since 2006 breast cancer has been the main cause of cancer mortality in Mexican women representing 14% of cancer related deaths. In Mexico the incidence and mortality of breast cancer have increased in recent decades and will continue to rise. Despite the vast information media on the prevention of this cancer the diagnosis of between 50 - 70% of cases is carried out in advanced stages probably due to a limited understanding of knowledge and practices of early prevention for breast cancer. Methods: The study universe was 375 Mexican women between 30 - 58 years of age of any socioeconomic level in the open population of Orizaba Veracruz who signed the informed consent form. The socioeconomic level was determined with the index of the Asociación Mexicana de Inteligencia de Mercado y Opinión Pública. The level of knowledge was determined by means of a 10 question survey type test on knowledge and practices of early prevention of breast cancer, based on Norma Oficial Mexicana 041. Period: March-May 2019. Results: Of the 375 women, 145-38.7% corresponded to high, 109-29.1% to medium high, 62-16.5% to medium, 26-6.9% to medium low, 17-4.5% to upper low and 16-4.3% to low socioeconomic levels, respectively. Mean age: 43.17 +7.82. Levels of knowledge were high in 28-7.5%, medium in 211-56.3%, low in 134-35.7% and null in 2-0.5% women respectively. 360-96% received information about prevention of breast cancer . 248-66% knew 1 to 3 risk factors, 101-27% >4 risk factors and 26-7% no risk factors. 338-90% know where to go in case of finding an abnormality in their breasts. 272-72% know the age at which they should perform the first self examination, 76-20% know the age at which they should go with trained health personnel for the exploration of their breasts. 233-62% know the age at which the first mammogram should be performed, 91-24% know the age at which the last mammogram should be performed and 8-22% know the frequency of time that a mammogram should be performed. 247-65% have had the 2 corresponding mammograms in the last 4 years. We recognize that this study may have as a limitation that the sample of patients comprises a specific group of Mexican women, however, due to its heterogeneity, its demographic characteristics could be applicable to Mexico and Latin America. Conclusions: Knowledge of the prevention of breast cancer is medium observing a direct relationship between the socioeconomic level and the level of knowledge. Effective communication between health professionals and women must take into account the socioeconomic level of patients in order to achieve a greater understanding of it and potentially reduce the incidence and mortality rate of breast cancer. It is important not to stop emphasizing the importance of continuing medical education and patient education programs for the early detection of breast cancer by patients and first contact physicians as well as primary and secondary prevention strategies which are vitally important in developing countries.

Environmental and Occupational Pollutants are Avoidable Causes of Breast Cancer

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel S. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
Prevention Of Breast Cancer

For over three decades, evidence has accumulated relating avoidable exposures to environmental and occupational carcinogens to the escalating incidence of breast cancer in the United States and other major industrialized nations. This evidence has until very recently been totally ignored by the cancer establishment, the National Cancer Institute, and the American Cancer Society, despite expenditures of over $1 billion on breast cancer research. Recognition of these environmental and occupational risk factors should lead to the belated development of public health policies directed to the primary prevention of breast cancer. Their recognition should also lend urgency to the need for radical reforms in the priorities and leadership of the cancer establishment.

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