Excessive Early Pregnancy Weight Gain and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

ABSTRACT Objectives To study the association between excessive early pregnancy weight gain and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Materials and methods Study design-prospective observational study done at ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR, Chennai during the period November 2013 to May 2015. A total of 250 women who attended antenatal outpatient department at ESI Hospital Chennai were recruited for the study. Height and weight of the pregnant women was recorded during their first visit (up to 6 weeks) and at 14 weeks of gestation. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated according to Quetelet index. Waist hip ratio was measured at 6 weeks. The early gestation weight gain more than 2 kg was considered as excessive weight gain and was associated to the risk of developing GDM. Blood sugar was estimated using Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group Index (DIPSI) standards. Results Of the 250 women studied, 104 women developed GDM. Excessive weight gain in the 1st trimester of pregnancy was significantly associated with the development of GDM with a p-value of 0.000. The other risk factors studied were BMI (p = 0.0064), waist/hip ratio (p = 0.0015), family history of diabetes mellitus (DM) (p = 0.00), which also had a significant association. Clinical significance This study shows that excessive weight gain in 1st trimester had an increased risk of GDM. The benefit of early identification of excess gestational weight gain would be the opportunity for intervention early in pregnancy to ideally decrease GDM. Conclusion Excessive early pregnancy weight gain, primarily in the 1st trimester may increase the risk of developing GDM. Thus, preventing excessive early pregnancy weight gain in the 1st trimester can be modified by lifestyle changes and simple exercise, which is a costless intervention, and can also decrease maternal and neonatal morbidity effectively. How to cite this article Menon M, Vasantha K. Excessive Early Pregnancy Weight Gain and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(3):189-192.

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Management of postprandial hyperglycaemia and weight gain in women with gestational diabetes mellitus using a novel telemonitoring system

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060518809872 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 754-764 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ebtisam A. Al-ofi ◽

Hala H. Mosli ◽

Kholoud A. Ghamri ◽

Sarah M. Ghazali

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Dietary Advice ◽

Control Group ◽

Close Monitoring ◽

Pregnancy Weight Gain ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Pregnancy Weight

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of remotely delivered telemedicine dietary advice on monitoring of blood glucose levels and weight gain of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods Women with GDM were recruited and randomly allocated into two groups: a Tele-GDM group that received a telemonitoring device, and a control group that was followed-up traditionally. A telemonitoring service calculated the ratio of reaching or exceeding the pregnancy weight gain target (according to pre-pregnancy weight), following Institute of Medicine guidelines for healthy pregnancy weight gain. Results The sample comprised 27 women in the Tele-GDM group and 30 in the control group. At the end of pregnancy, the Tele-GDM group showed significantly lower 2-hour postprandial glucose levels than the control group. Most women in the Tele-GDM group reached their recommended range of weight gain at the end of pregnancy. Additionally, the Tele-GDM group showed significantly lower weight gain than the control group. Conclusions Telemonitoring can facilitate close monitoring of women with GDM and motivate patients to adopt a healthy lifestyle.

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Association of Maternal Body Mass Index, Excessive Weight Gain, and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus With Large-for-Gestational-Age Births

Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1097/aog.0000000000000177 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 123 (4) ◽

pp. 737-744 ◽

Cited By ~ 113

Author(s):

Shin Y. Kim ◽

Andrea J. Sharma ◽

William Sappenfield ◽

Hoyt G. Wilson ◽

Hamisu M. Salihu

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Large For Gestational Age ◽

Maternal Body Mass Index ◽

Excessive Weight Gain ◽

Excessive Weight

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Excessive Weight Gain Before and During Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Management: What Is the Impact?

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc19-0800 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 74-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Robyn A. Barnes ◽

Tang Wong ◽

Glynis P. Ross ◽

Michelle M. Griffiths ◽

Carmel E. Smart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Excessive Weight Gain ◽

Excessive Weight ◽

The Impact ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Management

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Associations between maternal triclosan concentrations in early pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, gestational weight gain and fetal markers of metabolic function

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/j.envres.2017.12.001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 161 ◽

pp. 554-561 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gabriel D. Shapiro ◽

Tye E. Arbuckle ◽

Jillian Ashley-Martin ◽

William D. Fraser ◽

Mandy Fisher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Early Pregnancy ◽

Metabolic Function ◽

Gestational Weight

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Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus and hyperglycaemia in pregnancy with the glucose challenge test administered in early pregnancy

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics ◽

10.1002/ijgo.14043 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Salvatore F Sfameni ◽

Peter Wein ◽

Andrew CC Ngu

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Early Pregnancy ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Glucose Challenge Test ◽

Glucose Challenge ◽

In Pregnancy

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Attenuated early pregnancy weight gain by prenatal lifestyle interventions does not prevent gestational diabetes in the LIFE-Moms consortium

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108549 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 171 ◽

pp. 108549

Author(s):

Leanne M. Redman ◽

Kimberly L. Drews ◽

Samuel Klein ◽

Linda Van Horn ◽

Rena R. Wing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Early Pregnancy ◽

Lifestyle Interventions ◽

Pregnancy Weight Gain ◽

Pregnancy Weight

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Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Early Pregnancy: What Is the Evidence?

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10061257 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1257

Author(s):

Lore Raets ◽

Kaat Beunen ◽

Katrien Benhalima

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Early Pregnancy ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Screening Strategy ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Adverse Pregnancy ◽

Low Sensitivity ◽

In Pregnancy

The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldwide. This has a significant effect on the health of the mother and offspring. There is no doubt that screening for GDM between 24 and 28 weeks is important to reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, there is no consensus about diagnosis and treatment of GDM in early pregnancy. In this narrative review on the current evidence on screening for GDM in early pregnancy, we included 37 cohort studies and eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Observational studies have shown that a high proportion (15–70%) of women with GDM can be detected early in pregnancy depending on the setting, criteria used and screening strategy. Data from observational studies on the potential benefit of screening and treatment of GDM in early pregnancy show conflicting results. In addition, there is substantial heterogeneity in age and BMI across the different study populations. Smaller RCTs could not show benefit but several large RCTs are ongoing. RCTs are also necessary to determine the appropriate cut-off for HbA1c in pregnancy as there is limited evidence showing that an HbA1c ≥6.5% has a low sensitivity to detect overt diabetes in early pregnancy.

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