scholarly journals The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Fetal Malformations

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-76
Author(s):  
M Lituania ◽  
MP Fondelli ◽  
U Passamonti ◽  
L Saitta ◽  
A Cerchiaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Delivery Planning ◽  
Fetal Malformations ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Even if ultrasonography still remains the primary prenatal investigation technique for the assessment of fetal development, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role for the study of fetal morphology and pathology. MRI has been shown to be particularly useful for the evaluation of the central nervous system (CNS), the latter being a common site of pathology such as cerebral and spinal malformations. MRI is contributive in defining fetal neck, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic masses. This can be especially helpful when differing opinions exists as to the etiology of a mass. Ultrasonography, a non invasive, low cost, real time technique, still represents the investigation of choice in prenatal screening, not only regarding the CNS. Nevertheless several cases need a diagnostic complement by means of MRI, that increases the diagnostic potential of ultrasound . The additional information from MRI is important in prenatal counseling, delivery planning and planning for pre- or postnatal intervention.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in the analysis of ameloblastoma: report of two cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-431
Author(s):  
Neiandro Santos Galvão ◽  
Antonione Santos Bezerra Pinto ◽  
Alan Leandro Carvalho Farias ◽  
André Luiz Ferreira Costa ◽  
Sérgio Lúcio Pereira de Castro Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intermediate Signal Intensity ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Ameloblastoma is an odontogenic tumor that shares clinical and imaging characteristics with other lesions of the jaws, such as odontogenic keratocyst, which makes the diagnosis difficult. However, in addition to radiographic and tomographic examinations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been increasingly used, contributing with relevant additional information about the differentiation between solid and liquid components of the lesion. This case report was conducted to present two variations of ameloblastoma and discuss the radiographic, tomographic and MRI contribution in the differential diagnosis between ameloblastoma and odontogenic keratocyst.The signal intensity in T1-weighted MRI revealed internal fluid content in both cases, which was important in the differential diagnosis with other intraosseous lesions such as odontogenic keratocysts. This is probably due to the presence of keratin that increases the viscosity of the content and also for an intermediate signal intensity signal in T2-weighted MRI. Therefore, MRI revealed important internal characteristics of the reported lesions, which was very useful in the establishment of the differential diagnosis with other lesions.

Assessment of the diagnostic potential of ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Lung Cancer ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. S22
Author(s):  
H.G. Bischoff ◽  
M.V. Knopp ◽  
H. Hawighorst ◽  
C. Manegold ◽  
P. Drings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Magnetic Resonance Imaging to reduce Gadolinium accumulation in patients with multiple sclerosis: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-428
Author(s):  
Vijay Anant Athavale ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain ◽  
New Onset

Gadolinium (Gd) is a based contrast agent is used for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). In India, gadobutrolhas been is approved for MRI of the Central Nervous System (CNS), liver, kidneys, and breast. It has been noted in several studies that the accumulation of gadolinium occurs in different structures in the brain. Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are regularly followed up with MRI scans and MRI with contrast enhancement is the most common method of distinguishing new-onset pathological changes. Developments in technology and methods in artificial intelligence have shown that there is reason to map out the X-ray technician’s work with examinations and medicines administered to patients may be altered to prevent the accumulation of gadolinium.

Quantitative Muscle Ultrasound versus Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hu ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Siqi Hong ◽  
Li Cheng ◽  
Qiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
Muscle Ultrasound

Abstract Background: Nowadays, it needs favorable biomarkers to follow up the disease progression and therapeutic responses of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). This study evaluates which one of Quantitative muscle ultrasound (QMUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is suitable for the disease in China. Methods: Thirty-six boys with DMD engaged in the longitudinal observational cohort study, who used prednisone from baseline to 12th month. Muscle thickness (MT) and echo intensity (EI) of QMUS and T1-weighted MRI grading were measured in the right quadriceps femoris of the boys with DMD. Results: The scores of MT and EI of QMUS and T1-weighted MRI grading showed significant correlations with the clinical ones of muscle strength, timed testing, and quality of life. The scores of MT and EI of QMUS showed good correlations with the ones of T1-weighted MRI grading too (P<0.05). But 15 of 36 boys with DMD did not take MRI examinations for different reasons. Conclusions: QMUS and MRI can use as biomarkers for tracking DMD. Nevertheless, QMUS, because of its practical, low cost, and patient-friendly, applies for DMD widely than MRI in China. Keywords: Ultrasonography, Magnetic resonance imaging, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Child

Linear relationship found by magnetic resonance imaging between cerebrospinal fluid volume and body weight in dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Z. Reinitz ◽  
Gábor Bajzik ◽  
Rita Garamvölgyi ◽  
Bianka Benedek ◽  
Örs Petneházy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lateral Ventricles ◽  
Semiautomatic Segmentation ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Despite numerous studies on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and its importance during hydrocephalus or myelography, no reliable values exist about its overall volume in dogs. In this study, our aim was to measure the intracranial (IC) volume of CSF in dogs and assess its possible relationship with body size and the symmetry of the lateral ventricles. We ran a 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence on the central nervous system of 12 healthy, male mongrel dogs between 3–5 years of age and 7.5–35.0 kg body weight. A validated semiautomatic segmentation protocol was implemented to segment the CSF and measure its volume. Values for the volume of the ventricular compartment were between 0.97 and 2.94 ml, with 62.1 ± 11.7% in the lateral ventricles, 17.6 ± 4.9% in the third ventricle, 4.9 ± 1.6% in the aqueductus mesencephali and 15.5 ± 6.6% in the fourth ventricle. In 11 cases a significant asymmetry was found between the lateral ventricles. The results suggest that it may be normal for a dog to have one of the lateral ventricles 1.5 times larger than the other. The correlation between body weight and CSF volume was linear, indicating that the current dosage protocols for myelography, based on a hypothetical proportional relationship with body weight, may have to be revised.

scholarly journals B0-Shimming Methodology for Affordable and Compact Low-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnets

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Wenzel ◽  
Hazem Alhamwey ◽  
Tom O’Reilly ◽  
Layla Tabea Riemann ◽  
Berk Silemek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Low-field (B0 &lt; 0.2 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is emerging as a low cost, point-of-care alternative to provide access to diagnostic imaging technology even in resource scarce environments. MRI magnets can be constructed based on permanent neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets in discretized arrangements, leading to substantially lower mass and costs. A challenge with these designs is, however, a good B0 field homogeneity, which is needed to produce high quality images free of distortions. In this work, we describe an iterative approach to build a low-field MR magnet based on a B0-shimming methodology using genetic algorithms. The methodology is tested by constructing a small bore (inner bore diameter = 130 mm) desktop MR magnet (&lt;15 kg) at a field strength of B0 = 0.1 T and a target volume of 4 cm in diameter. The configuration consists of a base magnet and shim inserts, which can be placed iteratively without modifying the base magnet assembly and without changing the inner dimensions of the bore or the outer dimensions of the MR magnet. Applying the shims, B0 field inhomogeneity could be reduced by a factor 8 from 5,448 to 682 ppm in the target central slice of the magnet. Further improvements of these results can be achieved in a second or third iteration, using more sensitive magnetic field probes (e.g., nuclear magnetic resonance based magnetic field measurements). The presented methodology is scalable to bigger magnet designs. The MR magnet can be reproduced with off-the-shelf components and a 3D printer and no special tools are needed for construction. All design files and code to reproduce the results will be made available as open source hardware.

scholarly journals Perinatal post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the central nervous system (CNS): a pictorial review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Pérez-Serrano ◽  
Álvaro Bartolomé ◽  
Núria Bargalló ◽  
Carmen Sebastià ◽  
Alfons Nadal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Histopathological Results

AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) abnormalities cause approximately 32–37.7% of terminations of pregnancy (TOP). Autopsy is currently the gold standard for assessing dead foetuses and stillborn. However, it has limitations and is sometimes subject to parental rejection. Recent studies have described post-mortem foetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as an alternative and even complementary to autopsy for CNS assessment. Radiologists now play a key role in the evaluation of perinatal deaths. Assessment of foetal CNS abnormalities is difficult, and interpretation of foetal studies requires familiarisation with normal and abnormal findings in post-mortem MRI studies as well as the strengths and limitations of the imaging studies. The purpose of this pictorial review is to report our experience in the post-mortem MRI evaluation of the CNS system, including a description of the protocol used, normal CNS findings related to post-mortem status, abnormal CNS findings in our sample, and the correlation of these findings with histopathological results.

The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Management of Traction Injuries to the Adult Brachial Plexus

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. J. HEMS ◽  
R. BIRCH ◽  
T. CARLSTEDT
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine and brachial plexus was performed on 26 consecutive patients presenting with traction injuries of the brachial plexus during 1996 and 1997. These included T1 and T2 weighted coronal, sagittal and axial images of the cervical spine and coronal images of the brachial plexus. The results were compared with surgical findings, intraoperative neurophysiology, and subsequent clinical progress. Operations for exploration and repair have been performed in 23 and 26 patients scanned. Evidence of root avulsion was seen in 11 patients in the form of displacement or oedema of the spinal cord, haemorrhage or scarring within the spinal canal, absence of roots in the intervertebral foramena, and meningoceles. Characteristic abnormalities were evident in the MR scans of all cases where exploration confirmed some root avulsions. There were no false positives. MRI underestimated the number of individual roots avulsed; sensitivity was 81%. Post-ganglionic lesions were seen as swelling on T1 images associated with increasing signal on T2 images. It was usually possible to define the level of the injury within the plexus. This study suggests that MR imaging, performed early after traction injury to the brachial plexus, provides useful additional information towards establishing the level of the lesion. It also provides information about injury to the plexus outside the spinal canal.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document