COVID-19 Infection in Pregnancy: A Review

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is a highly contagious viral illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had a catastrophic effect on the world's demographics, resulting in more than 3.8 million deaths worldwide, and establishing itself as the most serious global health crisis since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Several questions remain unanswered regarding the effects of COVID-19 disease during pregnancy. Although most infections are mild in high-risk populations, severe disease frequently leads to intubation, intensive care unit admission, and, in some cases, death. Hormonal and physiological changes in the immune and respiratory systems, cardiovascular function, and coagulation may affect the progression of COVID-19 disease in pregnancy. However, consequences of coronavirus infection on implantation, fetal growth and development, labor, and newborn health have yet to be determined, and, consequently, a coordinated global effort is needed in this respect . Principles of management concerning COVID-19 in pregnancy include early isolation, aggressive infection control procedures, oxygen therapy, avoidance of fluid overload, consideration of empiric antibiotics (secondary to bacterial infection risk), laboratory testing for the virus and co-infection, fetal and uterine contraction monitoring, prevention and / or treatment of thromboembolism early mechanical ventilation for progressive respiratory failure, individualized delivery planning, and a team-based approach with multispecialty consultations. This review focuses on COVID-19 during pregnancy, its management, and the area where further investigations are needed to reduce the risk to mothers and their newborns.

Information Disruption in Online Journalism in the Era of the Industrial Revolution 5.0

<p><em><span>This study examines the barriers to online journalism in the 5.0 industry era in facing market competition. This research was conducted on suaramerdeka.com as a large newspaper company in Central Java that can still survive in the midst of global competition in the mass media competition. Critical perspective with Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis design used in this study. The novelty of this research is specifically to answer the challenges of online journalism in the era of the industrial revolution 5.0 in terms of human resources. The findings of this study are related to the routine of news production in the suaramerdeka.com media, the speed of news updates, the accuracy and balance of the news. The human resources of news seekers and editing teams are not yet fully prepared to face the challenges of the new era. The results of this study shows that 1) the news production dependent on HR factor, company factor and managing editor; 2) the news delivery planning dependent on the market need, the news content of the printed Suara Merdeka aims at fulfilling the needs of the people of Central Java, suaramerdeka.com seeks to meet the needs of the people of Central Java around the world.</span></em></p>

RELIABILITY OF LOGISTICS CHAINS IN FOREIGN TRADE OPERATIONS

The aim of the paper is to justify the decision on cooperation with entities in the transport service market for foreign trade operations based on the assessment of logistics chain reliability and shipping time on different routes. The research findings will enable cargo owners and other stakeholders to make management decisions at the delivery planning stage optimizing all processes related to customs and logistics services. Methods. We assess the reliability of four logistics chain types based on a simulation model developed in the GPSS software environment using the method of statistical testing. Results. Customs and logistics service users challenge entities in the transport service market with the task of performing foreign trade operations in compliance with the highest level of quality and service reliability minimizing the cost of delivery and shipping time. The proposed method allows determining the probability of timely delivery of goods in different transportation directions as well as the reliability of the studied process. Scientific novelty. The obtained simulation results will make it possible to work out proposals and recommendations for customs and logistics service users on the choice of an optimal logistics chain type, taking into account its impact on shipping time and reliability of goods delivery. Practical value. The practical value of the research is that the proposed method will allow foreign economic entities to form logistics chains, taking into account available resources and the need to use the services of other companies in international goods delivery. In this case, the efficiency of a logistics chain can be further assessed by the shipping time and reliability for export/import operations.

Advancement in Ocular Drug Delivery System to Overcome Ocular Barrier

The Ocular drug delivery system (ODDS) is the prominently challenging system faced by pharmaceutical researchers. Ophthalmic preparations are available in buffered, sterile and isotonic solutions. For the ocular delivery of drugs, various types of dosage forms are prepared and dispensed. As the drops are easier for the administration likewise more prescribed dosage form is the eye drop solution. For obtaining prolonged therapeutic effect ointment, suspensions and gelled systems are also used. The presence of various barriers as anatomical, physiological and physiochemical barriers makes difficulties in delivery of drugs in at the intended sites. Scientists invented alternate delivery routes to direct access at intended target sites. Second invention involves development of novel drug delivery systems providing better permeability, treatability and controlled release at target site. The liposomal delivery is beneficial because they have the ability of envelopment and both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs are suitable for delivery to both the anterior and posterior segment of the eye. Therefore, the uses of this alternative approach become quite a necessary. This formulation of novel devices will definitely help to the overcome ocular barriers and side effects with conventional topical drops. Current reviews on the conventional formulations of ocular delivery and their advancements followed by current nanotechnology based on the formulation developments. The recent incident with other ocular drug delivery planning consists of in situ gels, implants, contact lens and nano wafers are discussed. Drug delivery at ophthalmic route has been proven significant advancement for the future perspectives.

PERAN BIDAN TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM PERENCANAAN PERSALINAN DAN PENCEGAHAN KOMPLIKASI (P4K) DALAM MENURUNKAN ANGKA KEMATIAN IBU

Maternal Mortality Rate in Indonesia in 2012 that there were 359. In 2007 the Minister of Health planned a delivery planning and complication prevention program (P4K) as an effort to accelerate the decline in MMR in Indonesia. Health workers have a role in carrying out labor preparation and preparation for pregnant women. This program is one of the effective strategies to reduce the number of maternal deaths, besides childbirth assisted by trained midwives also plays a role in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality. Program Implementation Planning Childbirth Complications and Prevention (P4K) on Reducing Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) Methods phenomenological design, using descriptive data involving informants. The collection of data with verification, data presentation and verification. Results In this study Generally P4K implementation is good enough. Services and cooperation of midwives, as well as the role of all the informant was quite good, facilities are adequate, but there are some activities that still has not been implemented because some of the barriers that exist so that the implementation is not optimal. Conclusions Implementation P4K program is likely to have contributed in helping pregnant women prepare for childbirth, and to reduce maternal mortality (MMR) should be reconsidered from various aspects