Comparison of Fungal Biofilm Formation on Three Contemporary Denture Base Materials

ABSTRACT Statement of problem: Modern polyamide ‘flexible’ denture base materials have increased in popularity for use in removable partial dentures in the last several years. The introduction of these newer products warrants investigation of their relative potential to develop fungal biofilms. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of three denture base materials to support fungal biofilm formation. Materials and methods Specimens of two ‘flexible’ nylon type materials and one traditional heat processed, methyl methacrylate resin material were studied (both polished and unpolished surfaces). The specimens were coated with saliva and evaluated for fungal (Candida albicans) biofilm formation. The fungal biofilm mass formed on denture substrates were evaluated by dry weight analysis and by determining the number of viable fungal cells in the biofilm by MTT viability assay. Alteration in fungal metabolic function following the treatment of the biofilm C. albicans with nystatin and fluconazole was determined by XTT assay. Results In general, the unpolished surfaces of the denture disks favored the fungal biofilm, the most being on polyamide specimen, Valplast. Significantly, less biofilm was formed on Duraflex and Lucitone surfaces. Biofim on C. albicans was also found to be resistant to antifungal agents. As compared to freshly incubated (grown) planktonic cells, biofilm fungal cells required significantly higher concentrations of nystatin and fluconazole in order to obtain 50% reduction in metabolic activity. Conclusion This study demonstrated the differences in denture materials to support fungal biofilm formation, and also difference between polished and unpolished denture material surfaces. The results demonstrated that one of the polyamide materials (duraflex) had lesser potential to biofilm formation than the others. Clinical significance Unfavorable tissue responses can ensue from the presence of fungal biofilms on dental prosthetics. Resistance to biofilm formation is a factor for dental materials in their selection and usage. This study helps to quantify, evaluate and compare biofilm formation on polished and unpolished surfaces of three commonly used denture base materials. The results of this study helped to identify materials, which may, therefore, be better indicated in clinical applications. Evaluations for the newer denture base materials, specific to these testing methods, appear to be novel in the scientific literature. How to cite this article Jain V, Babu J, Ahuja S, Wicks R, Garcia-Godoy F. Comparison of Fungal Biofilm Formation on Three Contemporary Denture Base Materials. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(2):104-108.

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Biofilm Formation of Respiratory Pathogens on Vanillin-Incorporated Denture Base Resin

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.801.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 801 ◽

pp. 3-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sroisiri Thaweboon ◽

Boonyanit Thaweboon ◽

Futoshi Nakazawa

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Infection ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Antimicrobial Property ◽

Respiratory Pathogens ◽

Denture Base ◽

Commercial Resin ◽

Base Materials ◽

Base Resin ◽

Pmma Resin ◽

Denture Base Resin

The adherence of microorganisms to denture base materials and the consequent formation of biofilms on these surfaces are contributing factors to biofilm-related oral and systemic diseases. Aspiration pneumonia is a potentially life-threatening respiratory infection associated with the entry of foreign materials into the bronchi. Vanillin-incorporated polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin has been developed for the use in dentistry and demonstrated to have antimicrobial activity. Objective: To evaluate antimicrobial property of vanillin-incorporated PMMA denture base resin on biofilm formation of respiratory pathogens. Materials and methods: The heat polymerized PMMA denture base resin samples (Siam Cement Group, Thailand) were prepared according to the percentage of vanillin incorporation (0%, 0.1% and 0.5% vanillin). Another group of commercial resin samples without vanillin (Triplex®, Ivoclar Vivadent, USA) was prepared in the same manner. All samples were coated with sterile unstimulated saliva collected from three healthy adult volunteers at 37 °C for 60 min. The respiratory pathogenic bacteria used in this study were Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 5638, Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. They were prepared to a concentration of approximately 107 colony forming unit (CFU)/mL. The bacterial biofilm formation was done in 96-well plate and incubated at 37°C for 24-48 h. The amount of biofilm was quantified by Cell Counting Kit WST-8 (Dojindo Molecular Technologies, USA) at 420 nm. All tests were performed in triplicate on three separate occasions. One-way ANOVA and Turkey’s test were used for the statistical analysis. Results: The vanillin-incorporated resin groups (0.1% and 0.5% vanillin) had a significant reduction of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa biofilm mass compared with resins without vanillin (0% vanillin and commercial resin groups). No significant difference was observed in the S. pneumonia biofilm formation. Up to 80% and 33% reductions of biofilm mass were demonstrated on P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, respectively. Conclusion: The incorporation of vanillin to denture base PMMA resin could significantly inhibit biofilm formation of respiratory pathogens. Using this PMMA resin, denture base materials with antimicrobial property can be applied to reduce a risk of respiratory infection in denture wearing patients.

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Biofilm formation andCandida albicansmorphology on the surface of denture base materials

Mycoses ◽

10.1111/myc.12420 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 (12) ◽

pp. 719-727 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Sabine Susewind ◽

Reinhold Lang ◽

Sebastian Hahnel

Keyword(s):

Biofilm Formation ◽

Denture Base ◽

Base Materials

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Cytotoxic Effects of Three Denture Base Materials on Gingival Epithelial Cells and Fibroblasts: An in vitro Study

International Journal of Experimental Dental Science ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10029-1088 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

Russell Wicks ◽

Jegdish Babu ◽

Franklin Garcia-Godoy ◽

David Tipton

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Conditioned Media ◽

Cell Viability Assay ◽

Denture Base ◽

Viability Assay ◽

Base Materials ◽

Gingival Epithelial Cells ◽

The Media

ABSTRACT Objectives Modern polyamide ‘flexible’ denture base materials have increased in popularity for use in removable partial dentures. The introduction of these new products warrants investigation of their relative potential for toxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate three contemporary denture base materials used in fabricating definitive prosthetic restorations Materials and methods Two ‘flexible’ materials (Valplast™ and Duraflex™) formed by thermoplastic injection molding technique, and one traditional heat processed, methyl methacrylate resin material (Lucitone 199) were evaluated. Cultured gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts were treated with conditioned media prepared from denture material disks and then assayed for cell toxicity by [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) cell viability assay. Cell membrane damage was determined by measuring the release of cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase. Further confirmation of toxicity induced by the conditioned media was determined by staining the cells with live/dead stain and observing under a UV microscope. Results Data were analyzed by means of a linear model ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc tests for comparison among groups. The significance level adopted was 5% (p < 0.05). The three denture materials differed in their toxicity to the cells as assessed by MTT assay. Valplast conditioned media in general, especially the media of unpolished disks, was found to be toxic to both gingival fibroblasts and epithelial cells while media obtained from polished Lucitone and Duraflex were found to be less toxic. After 7 days of incubation with Valplast unpolished conditioned media, only 1 to 2% of the cells remained viable, while the polished disk conditioned media caused significantly less (p < 0.05) toxicity, approximately 76 and 92% of fibroblasts and epithelial cells respectively, were viable. After 7 days of incubation with media obtained from the other denture materials, 35 to 92% of fibroblasts and epithelial cells were found to be viable. The data obtained from lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay and live/dead mammalian cell viability assay were in agreement with the MTT viability assay. Conclusion Conditioned media from unpolished Valplast denture material appeared to be significantly more toxic to gingival fibroblasts and epithelial cells when compared to the polished Lucitone disk conditioned media as well as the media obtained from Duraflex. How to cite this article Ahuja S, Babu J, Wicks R, Garcia- Godoy F, Tipton D. Cytotoxic Effects of Three Denture Base Materials on Gingival Epithelial Cells and Fibroblasts: An in vitro Study. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(1):11-16.

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Effect of nano-gold reinforcement of polymethyl methacrylate and flexible polyamide denture base materials on impact strength#

Al-Azhar Journal of Dental Science ◽

10.21608/ajdsm.2020.71474 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 47-50

Author(s):

Tarek A Mahmoud ◽

Mohamed E Sanad ◽

Mohamed I Seif-ElNasr

Keyword(s):

Impact Strength ◽

Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽

Denture Base ◽

Base Materials ◽

Nano Gold

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MASTICATORY PERFORMANCE AND BITE FORCE EVALUATION IN COMPLETELY EDENTULOUS PATIENTS REHABILITATED WITH DIFFERENT THERMOPLASTIC DENTURE BASE MATERIALS

Egyptian Dental Journal ◽

10.21608/edj.2017.75143 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 1861-1869

Author(s):

Mostafa Fayad ◽

Nehad Harby

Keyword(s):

Bite Force ◽

Masticatory Performance ◽

Denture Base ◽

Base Materials ◽

Edentulous Patients

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Paracetamol modulates biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 8 strains

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84505-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Andi R. Sultan ◽

Kirby R. Lattwein ◽

Nicole A. Lemmens-den Toom ◽

Susan V. Snijders ◽

Klazina Kooiman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Fluorescent Protein ◽

Clonal Complex ◽

Regulatory Pathways ◽

Immune Modulator ◽

Viability Assay ◽

Analgesic Agents ◽

Green Fluorescent

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus biofilms are a major problem in modern healthcare due to their resistance to immune system defenses and antibiotic treatments. Certain analgesic agents are able to modulate S. aureus biofilm formation, but currently no evidence exists if paracetamol, often combined with antibiotic treatment, also has this effect. Therefore, we aimed to investigate if paracetamol can modulate S. aureus biofilm formation. Considering that certain regulatory pathways for biofilm formation and virulence factor production by S. aureus are linked, we further investigated the effect of paracetamol on immune modulator production. The in vitro biofilm mass of 21 S. aureus strains from 9 genetic backgrounds was measured in the presence of paracetamol. Based on biofilm mass quantity, we further investigated paracetamol-induced biofilm alterations using a bacterial viability assay combined with N-Acetylglucosamine staining. Isothermal microcalorimetry was used to monitor the effect of paracetamol on bacterial metabolism within biofilms and green fluorescent protein (GFP) promoter fusion technology for transcription of staphylococcal complement inhibitor (SCIN). Clinically relevant concentrations of paracetamol enhanced biofilm formation particularly among strains belonging to clonal complex 8 (CC8), but had minimal effect on S. aureus planktonic growth. The increase of biofilm mass can be attributed to the marked increase of N-Acetylglucosamine containing components of the extracellular matrix, presumably polysaccharide intercellular adhesion. Biofilms of RN6390A (CC8) showed a significant increase in the immune modulator SCIN transcription during co-incubation with low concentrations of paracetamol. Our data indicate that paracetamol can enhance biofilm formation. The clinical relevance needs to be further investigated.

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