Dry Eye and Ocular Surgery

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is an age-related condition increasingly detected in younger people of risk groups, including patients who underwent ocular surgery or long-term general anesthesia. Being a multifactorial disease, it is characterized by oxidative stress in the cornea and commonly complicated by ocular surface inflammation. Polyetiologic DES is responsive to SkQ1, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant suppressing age-related changes in the ocular tissues. Here, we demonstrate safety and efficacy of topical administration of SkQ1 at a dosage of 7.5 μM for the prevention of general anesthesia-induced DES in rabbits. The protective action of SkQ1 improves clinical state of the ocular surface by inhibiting apoptotic and prenecrotic changes in the corneal epithelium. The underlying mechanism involves the suppression of the oxidative stress supported by the stimulation of intrinsic antioxidant activity and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, foremost glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, in the cornea. Furthermore, SkQ1 increases antioxidant activity and stability of the tear film and produces anti-inflammatory effect exhibited as downregulation of TNF-α and IL-6 and pronounced upregulation of IL-10 in tears. Our data suggest novel features of SkQ1 and point to its feasibility in patients with DES and individuals at risk for the disease including those subjected to general anesthesia.

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Sandbank Epitheliopathy of the Conjunctiva (SEC) A New Indicator in Dry Eye Diagnostics Useful for Optimized Ocular Surgery

Journal of Eye & Cataract Surgery ◽

10.21767/2471-8300.100029 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 03 (02) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gysbert van Setten

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Ocular Surgery

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Assessment of Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease among Study Group

Asian Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.3.ot1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Madhavi Chevuturu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Contact Lens ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Study Group ◽

Ocular Allergy ◽

Ocular Surgery ◽

Steroid Use ◽

The Difference

Background: Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface that results in symptoms of discomfort, visual disturbance. The present study was conducted to assess prevalence and risk factors of dry eye diseases among the study group. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted from February 2018 to July 2018 on 184 patients of both genders visiting the Department of Ophthalmology Mediciti institute of medical sciences with eye complaints. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy with a cobalt blue filter was used to investigate the tear film layer, and the interval from the last blink to the appearance of the first random dry spot on the cornea was noted. Schirmer’s test was performed. Whatman filter paper no 41 was placed in the lower fornix at the lateral one-third of the lower lid margin. Results: Age groups 40-50 years had 52, 50-60 years had 98 and 60-70 years had 34 patients. There were 110 males and 74 females. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). 64 (58.1%) males and 40 (54%) had a dry eye disease. The prevalence found to be 61.9%. The severity of DED was mild in 25%, moderate in 46% and severe in 29%. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Risk factors of DED were steroid use in 14%, smoking in 56%, alcoholism in 24%, computer job in 78%, systemic allergy in 4%, ocular allergy in 32%, contact lens use in 17% and previous ocular surgery in 7%. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The author found that the prevalence rate of dry eyes was 61.9%. Risk factors of DED were steroid use, smoking, alcoholism, computer job, systemic allergy, ocular allergy, contact lens use and previous ocular surgery.

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Hyperthyroidism associated with intraocular pressure and dry eye

Tropical Journal of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology ◽

10.17511/jooo.2020.i07.03 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 183-189

Author(s):

Dr. Madhuri Patil ◽

◽

Dr. M Gitanjali ◽

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Contact Lenses ◽

Age Groups ◽

Rectus Muscle ◽

Autoimmune Disorder ◽

Ocular Surgery ◽

Thyroid Orbitopathy ◽

Threatening Condition ◽

History Of ◽

A Prospective Study

Graves’ orbitopathy/ophthalmopathy (GO) also known as thyroid eye disease (TED),dysthyroid/thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), is an autoimmune disorder representing thecommonest and most important extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease. Materials andMethods: This is a prospective study conducted for 2 years. A total of 60 established cases ofHyperthyroidism of all Age groups with either gender subjects who were diagnosed with Thyroidorbitopathy at hospitals were included in this study. History of ocular surgery or medications, thosedemonstrating the recent use of contact lenses, pregnant or lactating women. All the cases withsimilar presentation not proved to be Thyroid Orbitopathy and patients who did not report for thefollow-up were excluded from the study. Result: A total of 60 patients were examined. Of the 60cases analyzed, female preponderance was noted and 41-60 years age group had the highestincidence of thyroid orbitopathy. The most common presentation was found to be unilateral. Inferiorrectus muscle was the commonest muscle involved with 48.3% followed by Medial rectus muscle38.3%, Superior rectus muscle 23.3%, and Lateral rectus muscle involved least with 11.6% indescending order. None of the patients reported a loss of vision. Conclusions: Dry eye andincreased IOP have commonly seen outcomes that should be managed diligently. This potentialsight-threatening condition is seen worldwide and has many functional and cosmetic consequencesthat need to be recognized. Hyperthyroidism was significantly associated with the severity.

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Dry Eye Diseases and Ocular Surgery: Practical Guidelines for Canadian Eye Care Practitioners

Canadian Journal of Optometry ◽

10.15353/cjo.79.290 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 19-33

Author(s):

Paul M. Karpecki ◽

C. Lisa Prokopich ◽

Louis Racine ◽

Etty Bitton ◽

Barbara Caffery ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Surgical Outcomes ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Eye Care ◽

Consensus Panel ◽

Ocular Surgery ◽

Before And After ◽

Practical Guidelines ◽

Patient At Risk

In 2014, the Canadian Dry Eye Disease Consensus Panel published Guidelines for screening, diagnosis and management of dry eye diseases (DED). These did not address the implications of DED for individuals who are being considered for or have recently undergone ocular surgery. DED is common in certain surgical cohorts, and the perisurgical setting poses specific challenges, both because surgery can complicate preexisting DED and because symptomatic and non-symptomatic DED place the patient at risk of poor surgical outcomes. The Consensus Panel has developed this Addendum to the 2014 Guidelines to offer guidance on DED care before and after ocular surgery.

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