Sour Environmental Severity for HIC Susceptibility

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/3901 ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taishi Fujishiro ◽  
Takuya Hara ◽  
Kyono Yasuda ◽  
Daisuke Mizuno ◽  
Nobuyuki Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Hydrogen Permeation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Hydrogen Permeability ◽  
European Federation ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Environmental Severity

The severity of sour environments has been determined in accordance with the European Federation of Corrosion 16 and NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-2:2015 standards for carbon and low-alloy steels, based on the experimental results of sulfide stress cracking (SSC). However, the severity map obtained from SSC test results cannot be applicable to the hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) susceptibility. In this study, the hydrogen permeability and crack area ratio (CAR) of HIC under various pH and H2S partial pressures (pH2S) were measured to establish the link between the sour environmental severity and HIC susceptibility using grades X65 to X80 linepipe steels. In addition, the hydrogen concentration at the location of the HIC was calculated by the finite element analysis. The results showed that the sour environmental severity map obtained from hydrogen permeation tests changes with time, because the hydrogen permeability reached maximum values in the early stage and steady-state values in the later stage. Then, the HIC susceptibility did not correspond to the maximum permeability, but to the steady-state hydrogen permeability. In addition, the hydrogen content at the location of the HIC did not correspond to the maximum hydrogen permeability but corresponded to the steady-state hydrogen permeability, because HIC occurred in the center segregation part and the hydrogen atoms required a certain time to diffuse from the metal surface to the mid-thickness. These results suggest that the HIC susceptibility is dominated by the severity map obtained from the steady-state hydrogen permeability.

scholarly journals Contribution of CO2 on hydrogen evolution and hydrogen permeation in low alloy steels exposed to H2S environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Plennevaux ◽  
J. Kittel ◽  
M. Frégonèse ◽  
B. Normand ◽  
F. Ropital ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Hydrogen Permeation ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Alloy Steels

scholarly journals Experimental and numerical investigation of the overload effect on fatigue behaviour of spot-welded steel sheets

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne Pennec ◽  
Bianzeubé Tikri ◽  
Sébastien Bergamo ◽  
Michel Duchet ◽  
Bastien Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fatigue Behaviour ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Spot Welded

Spot-weld joints are commonly used to fasten together metal sheets in automotive industry. The car frame used in Renault vehicles is a representative example of the usefulness of this method. Most of the spot-welds experience fatigue damaging occurrence due to rough roads or driving conditions which apply periodical overloads to the vehicle. Understanding their fatigue behaviour is crucial from the viewpoint of failure prevention in design. In this study, a series of experiments was conducted to study the fatigue failure of spot-welded tensile-shear specimens made of a deep-drawing steel (XES) and High strength low alloy steels (HE360D and XE360D). Two different types of fatigue tests were performed, the first one with a constant-amplitude sinusoidal loading (loading ratio equal to 0.1) and the second one with one incidental overload cycle introduced per 100 cycles. The experimental results show a favourable effect of overloads for HSLA steel specimens, whereas the effect is the opposite for XES steel specimens. A finite element analysis was carried out using the open-source Salome-Meca platform to determine the stress states within the specimens around the weld spot and explains both failure modes observed on the specimens at high and low loads.

Empirical Correlation between Parameters from Small Punch and Tensile Curves of Mn-Mo-Ni Low Alloy Steels by Using Test and FE Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
Min Chul Kim ◽  
Jae Bong Lee ◽  
Maan Won Kim ◽  
Bong Sang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Displacement Curve ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Small Punch ◽  
Alloy Steels

A load-displacement curve from a small punch test includes several useful information that is related to standard test properties such as the tensile property, fracture toughness and ductilebrittle transition temperature. In this study, the empirical relationship between the material property factors in SP curves and the tensile curves has been investigated by comparing test results and finite element analysis results. SP and tensile tests and finite element analyses were performed for several Mn-Mo-Ni low alloy steels with different manufacturing processes. It was found that the yield loads (Py) in the SP curves, if they were adequately defined, were linearly related to the yield strength (σ0). The yield loads defined from the intersection point of two lines tangent to the elastic bending region and plastic bending region showed a better relation with the yield strength than those from the offset line. The slope of the SP curves from the simulation results had a close correlation with the hardening coefficient and strength constant as well.

Effect of nickel on hydrogen permeation in ferritic/pearlitic low alloy steels

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 3845-3861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Husby ◽  
Mariano Iannuzzi ◽  
Roy Johnsen ◽  
Mariano Kappes ◽  
Afrooz Barnoush
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Permeation ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Alloy Steels

Evaluation of Critical Fracture Stress in Low Alloy Steels by Finite Element Analysis of Small Punch Test

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 416-419
Author(s):  
Min Chul Kim ◽  
Jae Bong Lee ◽  
Yong Jun Oh ◽  
Bong Sang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Stress ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Small Punch Test ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Small Punch ◽  
Punch Test ◽  
Critical Fracture ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Critical Fracture Stress ◽  
Reactor Pressure

The critical fracture stresses (σ* f(sp)) in various low alloy steels for a reactor pressure vessel(RPV) were evaluated by a small punch test (SP test) and a finite element analysis (FEA) in the cleavage temperature region(-150~-196 °C). The load-displacement curves and distances from the center to the fracture surface (Df) of the FEA results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The maximum principal stresses (SP fracture stresses, σf(SP)) were determined from the FE analysis, when the maximum load was applied to the SP test. The SP critical fracture stress, σ* f(sp) in various reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels was found to have a linear relationship with the values obtained from the precracked specimens (σ* f(PCVN)). The σ* f(sp) shows a lower value than σ* f(PCVN) because the SP specimen had a lower triaxial stress condition. However, this result indicates that a small punch test could be a useful method to evaluate the cleavage fracture behavior of low alloy steels.

scholarly journals Static and Dynamic Analysis of Non-Pneumatic Tires Based on Experimental and Numerical Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11232
Author(s):  
Andrea Genovese ◽  
Dario Garofano ◽  
Aleksandr Sakhnevych ◽  
Francesco Timpone ◽  
Flavio Farroni
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Slip Ratio ◽  
Static And Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The One ◽  
Pneumatic Tires

Since the beginning of their production, pneumatic tires have experienced tremendous improvements in structure and materials, becoming the dominant design in the world tires market. Nevertheless, relying upon pressurized air, they are affected by maintenance and security issues that can lead to fatal accidents. Therefore, tire-makers are investigating new tire designs, called Airless or Non-Pneumatic, with the aim of removing air-related problems. The research about such tires is still at an early stage, especially if compared to the one conducted on the pneumatic ones. In this paper, the development of a methodology capable of studying the mechanical behavior of a Non-Pneumatic Tire (NPT) by means of experimental data and numerical approach is illustrated. The experimental activities consisted of a scanner acquisition of the NPT and a footprint analysis for the calculation of the radial stiffness and contact patch pressure distribution. Moreover, the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique was applied to carry out a more specific study about the spoke’s deformation. From the acquired 3D model, a calculation of the NPT vertical deflection with finite element analysis (FEA) was performed—validating the model and then submitting it to a steady state analysis—that allows the simulation of a steady state rolling tire with the possibility to replicate different values of slip ratio. The results of the experimental activities are in good agreement with the ones obtained with FEA, further validating the developed methodology.

Effects of cooling rate on the mechanical properties of dual phase treated vanadium steels

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
L.J. Chen ◽  
H.C. Cheng ◽  
J.R. Gong ◽  
J.G. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Resource Requirement ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Potential Weight

For fuel savings as well as energy and resource requirement, high strength low alloy steels (HSLA) are of particular interest to automobile industry because of the potential weight reduction which can be achieved by using thinner section of these steels to carry the same load and thus to improve the fuel mileage. Dual phase treatment has been utilized to obtain superior strength and ductility combinations compared to the HSLA of identical composition. Recently, cooling rate following heat treatment was found to be important to the tensile properties of the dual phase steels. In this paper, we report the results of the investigation of cooling rate on the microstructures and mechanical properties of several vanadium HSLA steels.The steels with composition (in weight percent) listed below were supplied by China Steel Corporation: 1. low V steel (0.11C, 0.65Si, 1.63Mn, 0.015P, 0.008S, 0.084Aℓ, 0.004V), 2. 0.059V steel (0.13C, 0.62S1, 1.59Mn, 0.012P, 0.008S, 0.065Aℓ, 0.059V), 3. 0.10V steel (0.11C, 0.58Si, 1.58Mn, 0.017P, 0.008S, 0.068Aℓ, 0.10V).

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