scholarly journals Static and Dynamic Analysis of Non-Pneumatic Tires Based on Experimental and Numerical Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11232
Author(s):  
Andrea Genovese ◽  
Dario Garofano ◽  
Aleksandr Sakhnevych ◽  
Francesco Timpone ◽  
Flavio Farroni
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Slip Ratio ◽  
Static And Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The One ◽  
Pneumatic Tires

Since the beginning of their production, pneumatic tires have experienced tremendous improvements in structure and materials, becoming the dominant design in the world tires market. Nevertheless, relying upon pressurized air, they are affected by maintenance and security issues that can lead to fatal accidents. Therefore, tire-makers are investigating new tire designs, called Airless or Non-Pneumatic, with the aim of removing air-related problems. The research about such tires is still at an early stage, especially if compared to the one conducted on the pneumatic ones. In this paper, the development of a methodology capable of studying the mechanical behavior of a Non-Pneumatic Tire (NPT) by means of experimental data and numerical approach is illustrated. The experimental activities consisted of a scanner acquisition of the NPT and a footprint analysis for the calculation of the radial stiffness and contact patch pressure distribution. Moreover, the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique was applied to carry out a more specific study about the spoke’s deformation. From the acquired 3D model, a calculation of the NPT vertical deflection with finite element analysis (FEA) was performed—validating the model and then submitting it to a steady state analysis—that allows the simulation of a steady state rolling tire with the possibility to replicate different values of slip ratio. The results of the experimental activities are in good agreement with the ones obtained with FEA, further validating the developed methodology.

Sour Environmental Severity for HIC Susceptibility

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/3901 ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taishi Fujishiro ◽  
Takuya Hara ◽  
Kyono Yasuda ◽  
Daisuke Mizuno ◽  
Nobuyuki Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Hydrogen Permeation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Hydrogen Permeability ◽  
European Federation ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Environmental Severity

The severity of sour environments has been determined in accordance with the European Federation of Corrosion 16 and NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-2:2015 standards for carbon and low-alloy steels, based on the experimental results of sulfide stress cracking (SSC). However, the severity map obtained from SSC test results cannot be applicable to the hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) susceptibility. In this study, the hydrogen permeability and crack area ratio (CAR) of HIC under various pH and H2S partial pressures (pH2S) were measured to establish the link between the sour environmental severity and HIC susceptibility using grades X65 to X80 linepipe steels. In addition, the hydrogen concentration at the location of the HIC was calculated by the finite element analysis. The results showed that the sour environmental severity map obtained from hydrogen permeation tests changes with time, because the hydrogen permeability reached maximum values in the early stage and steady-state values in the later stage. Then, the HIC susceptibility did not correspond to the maximum permeability, but to the steady-state hydrogen permeability. In addition, the hydrogen content at the location of the HIC did not correspond to the maximum hydrogen permeability but corresponded to the steady-state hydrogen permeability, because HIC occurred in the center segregation part and the hydrogen atoms required a certain time to diffuse from the metal surface to the mid-thickness. These results suggest that the HIC susceptibility is dominated by the severity map obtained from the steady-state hydrogen permeability.

The Application of UX Research in New Energy Vehicle Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Menghan TAO ◽  
Ning XIAO ◽  
Xingfu ZHAO ◽  
Wenbin LIU
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Innovative Product ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
New Energy ◽  
New Energy Vehicle ◽  
The One ◽  
New Energy Vehicles ◽  
Degree Of Innovation

New energy vehicles(NEV) as a new thing for sustainable development, in China, on the one hand has faced the rapid expansion of the market; the other hand, for the new NEV users, the current NEVs cannot keep up with the degree of innovation. This paper demonstrates the reasons for the existence of this systematic challenge, and puts forward the method of UX research which is different from the traditional petrol vehicles research in the early stage of development, which studies from the user's essence level, to form the innovative product programs which meet the needs of users and being real attractive.

Prediction of Tire Tread Wear with FEM Steady State Rolling Contact Simulation

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Acceleration ◽  
Steady State Rolling ◽  
Driving Conditions ◽  
Rate Profile

Abstract A procedure based on steady state rolling contact Finite Element Analysis (FEM) has been developed to predict tire cross section tread wear profile under specified vehicle driving conditions. This procedure not only considers the tire construction effects, it also includes the effects of materials, vehicle setup, test course, and driver's driving style. In this algorithm, the vehicle driving conditions are represented by the vehicle acceleration histogram. Vehicle dynamic simulations are done to transform the acceleration histogram into tire loading condition distributions for each tire position. Tire weight loss rates for different vehicle accelerations are generated based on a steady state rolling contact simulation algorithm. Combining the weight loss rate and the vehicle acceleration histogram, nine typical tire loading conditions are chosen with different weight factors to represent tire usage conditions. It is discovered that the tire tread wear rate profile is changing continuously as the tire is worn. Simulation of a new tire alone cannot be used to predict the tire cross-section tread wear profile. For this reason, an incremental tread wear simulation procedure is performed to predict the tire cross section tread wear profile. Compared with actual tire cross-section tread wear profiles, good results are obtained from the simulations.

Recent Studies of Tire Braking Performance

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. McCarty ◽  
T. J. W. Leland
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Rapid Cycling ◽  
Single Cycle ◽  
Steering Angle ◽  
Slip Ratio ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Constant Rate

Abstract The results from recent studies of some factors affecting tire braking and cornering performance are presented together with a discussion of the possible application of these results to the design of aircraft braking systems. The first part of the paper is concerned with steady-state braking, that is, results from tests conducted at a constant slip ratio or steering angle or both. The second part deals with cyclic braking tests, both single cycle, where brakes are applied at a constant rate until wheel lockup is achieved, and rapid cycling of the brakes under control of a currently operational antiskid system.

THE ISSUES OF NATIONAL SECURITY AND NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT IN THE WORK OF THE WORLD RUSSIAN PEOPLE'S COUNCIL IN THE 1990-S.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Yu.Yu. IERUSALIMSKY ◽  
◽  
A.B. RUDAKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Nuclear Disarmament ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Nuclear Component ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to the study of such an important aspect of the activities of the World Russian People's Council (until 1995 it was called the World Russian Council) in the 90-s of the 20-th century as a discussion of national security issues and nuclear disarmament. At that time, a number of political and public figures actively called for the nuclear disarmament of Russia. Founded in 1993, the World Russian Council called for the Russian Federation to maintain a reasonable balance between reducing the arms race and fighting for the resumption of detente in international relations, on the one hand, and maintaining a powerful nuclear component of the armed forces of the country, on the other. The resolutions of the World Russian Council and the World Russian People's Council on the problems of the new concepts formation of foreign policy and national security of Russia in the context of NATO's eastward movement are analyzed in the article. It also shows the relationship between the provisions of the WRNS on security and nuclear weapons issues with Chapter VIII of the «Fundamentals of the Social Concept of the Russian Orthodox Church».

scholarly journals Design of a Unique Device for Residual Stresses Quantification by the Drilling Method Combining the PhotoStress and Digital Image Correlation

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Miroslav Pástor ◽  
Martin Hagara ◽  
Ivan Virgala ◽  
Adam Kaľavský ◽  
Alžbeta Sapietová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Thin Specimen ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

This paper presents a uniquely designed device combining the hole-drilling technique with two optical systems based on the PhotoStress and digital image correlation (DIC) method, where the digital image correlation system moves with the cutting tool. The authors aimed to verify whether the accuracy of the drilled hole according to ASTM E837-13a standard and the positioning accuracy of the device were sufficient to achieve accurate results. The experimental testing was performed on a thin specimen made from strain sensitive coating PS-1D, which allowed comparison of the results obtained by both methods. Although application of the PhotoStress method allows analysis of the strains at the edge of the cut hole, it requires a lot of experimenter’s practical skills to assess the results correctly. On the other hand, the DIC method allows digital processing of the measured data. However, the problem is not only to determine the data at the edge of the hole, the results also significantly depend on the smoothing levels used. The quantitative comparison of the results obtained was performed using finite element analysis.

scholarly journals A detailed study on design, fabrication, analysis, and testing of the anti-roll bar system for formula student cars

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Sunil Kelkar ◽  
Puneet Gautam ◽  
Shubham Sahai ◽  
Prajwal Sanjay Agrawal ◽  
R. Manoharan
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Static Testing ◽  
Shaft Diameter ◽  
Manufacturing Accuracy ◽  
Suspension Geometry ◽  
Aluminum 7075 ◽  
The One ◽  
Error Percentage

AbstractThis study explains a coherent flow for designing, manufacturing, analyzing, and testing a tunable anti-roll bar system for a formula student racecar. The design process starts with the analytical calculation for roll stiffness using constraining parameters such as CG (Center of Gravity) height, total mass, and weight distribution in conjunction with suspension geometry. Then, the material selection for the design i.e. Aluminum 7075 T6 is made based on parameters such as density and modulus of rigidity. A MATLAB program is used to iterate deflection vs load for different stiffness and shaft diameter values. This is then checked with kinematic deflection values in Solidworks geometry. To validate with the material deflection, finite element analysis is performed on ANSYS workbench. Manufacturing accuracy for the job is checked using both static analysis in lab settings and using sensors on vehicles during on-track testing. The error percentage is found to be 4% between the target stiffness and the one obtained from static testing. Parameters such as moment arm length, shaft diameter and length, and deflection were determined and validated. This paper shows the importance of an anti-roll bar device to tune the roll stiffness of the car without interfering with the ride stiffness.

scholarly journals Multi-Stage Cold Forging Process for Manufacturing a High-Strength One-Body Input Shaft

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
A Jo ◽  
Myeong Jeong ◽  
Sang Lee ◽  
Young Moon ◽  
Sun Hwang
Keyword(s):  
High Strength ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Input Shaft ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
The One

A multi-stage cold forging process was developed and complemented with finite element analysis (FEA) to manufacture a high-strength one-body input shaft with a long length body and no separate parts. FEA showed that the one-body input shaft was manufactured without any defects or fractures. Experiments, such as tensile, hardness, torsion, and fatigue tests, and microstructural characterization, were performed to compare the properties of the input shaft produced by the proposed method with those produced using the machining process. The ultimate tensile strength showed a 50% increase and the torque showed a 100 Nm increase, confirming that the input shaft manufactured using the proposed process is superior to that processed using the machining process. Thus, this study provides a proof-of-concept for the design and development of a multi-stage cold forging process to manufacture a one-body input shaft with improved mechanical properties and material recovery rate.

The Finite Element Analysis and Optimization for the Grinder Based on the Joint Surface

2013 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Lei Zhang ◽  
Bin Yao ◽  
Wen Chang Zhao ◽  
Ou Yang Kun ◽  
Bo Shi Yao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Joint Surface ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Static And Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Harmonic Response Analysis ◽  
Grinding Machine

Establish the finite element model for high precision grinding machine which takes joint surface into consideration and then carrys out the static and dynamic analysis of the grinder. After the static analysis, modal analysis and harmonic response analysis, the displacement deformation, stress, natural frequency and vibration mode could be found, which also helps find the weak links out. The improvement scheme which aims to increase the stiffness and precision of the whole machine has proposed to efficiently optimize the grinder. And the first natural frequency of the optimized grinder has increased by 68.19%.

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