scholarly journals The Famous Coin Change Problem and its Possible New Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang Vu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Efficient Solution ◽  
Classical Problem ◽  
Number Of Solutions ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Change Problem ◽  
Time Resource

The classical problem “Coin change” in Computer Science has become a key problem to a number of subsequent problems in different areas: finance, algorithm study, sports, etc. Mathematicians have been paying attention to only two possible outcomes of the problem: the most time/resource efficient solution and the total number of solutions. However, solutions among the “normal solutions” can be beneficial in certain situations, if carefully considered with math and economic phenomena in the past. Our work describes some of such possible beneficial solutions that are worth paying attention to and its application in finance and fiscal policy. Now it is of particular importance because of COVID-19 pandemic.

On the formation of a New Paradigm of fiscal Policy

2013 ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Senchagov
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Monetary Aggregate ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

Due to Russia’s exit from the global financial crisis, the fiscal policy of withdrawing windfall spending has exhausted its potential. It is important to refocus public finance to the real economy and the expansion of domestic demand. For this goal there is sufficient, but not realized financial potential. The increase in fiscal spending in these areas is unlikely to lead to higher inflation, given its actual trend in the past decade relative to M2 monetary aggregate, but will directly affect the investment component of many underdeveloped sectors, as well as the volume of domestic production and consumer demand.

Tribological Applications of WS2 (MOS2) Inorganic Fullerene-Like Nanoparticles as Solid Lubrication

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rapoport ◽  
N. Fleischer ◽  
R. Tenne
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Solid Lubrication ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Inorganic Fullerene ◽  
Graphite Matrix ◽  
New Applications

Fullerene-like WS2 (MoS2) nanoparticles (IF) have been studied in the past [1–3] Their efficacy as additives for lubrication fluids has been demonstrated. [4–5] Recently, IF-WS2 nanoparticles were confined inside a porous and densified bronze-graphite matrix, prepared by powder metallurgy (PM) technique. Substantial reduction in both friction and wear, and an increase in the critical load were observed [6]. New applications of IF nanopartcles as development of polymer nanocomposites, burnishing and friction of ceramic materials under severe contact conditions are presented in this work.

Arts and Branches of Science Significantly Contributing to Cyber and Cyber Security

2018 ◽  
pp. 977-994
Author(s):  
Margarita Levin Jaitner ◽  
Áine MacDermott
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Academic Exchange ◽  
Further Development

Academia plays an important role in shaping a country's cyber readiness. In the past years, nations have started investing in new cyber-related programs at colleges and universities. This also includes promoting academic exchange with partner countries, as well as putting effort into improved cooperation between industries and scholars in the area of cyber. In many cases the efforts focus largely on computer science and closely related branches of science. However, the very nature of the cyberspace as both a continuation and a reflection of the physical world require a broader perspective on academic assets required to create and sustain sound cyber defines capabilities. Acknowledging this premise, this paper sets out to map branches of science that significantly contribute to the domain known as ‘cyber' and searches for new aspects for further development.

Interactive Learning of Recursion

2012 ◽  
pp. 254-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Pérez-Carrasco ◽  
J. Ángel Velázquez-Iturbide
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Computer Science Education ◽  
Interactive Learning ◽  
The Past

One concept that has proved to be especially difficult to comprehend in computer science education is recursion. This chapter provides an overview of past efforts on the teaching of recursion. The authors first introduce concepts and models about the teaching and learning of recursion. In particular, they identify models used by teachers to explain recursion (i.e. conceptual models) and models used by students in their learning process (i.e. mental models). Afterwards, they review the teaching methods used in the past. Finally, the authors survey visualization and animation systems for recursion, explaining how they support conceptual models and how they try to remove wrong mental models. They also include a comprehensive technical comparison of the systems and review the evaluations these systems have been subject to.

Development of a Scale to Measure Attitudes toward Information Technology

2017 ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Anu A. Gokhale ◽  
Kenton F. Machina
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
President Obama ◽  
Technology Industry ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
New Applications

Educators, and business, and political leaders are increasingly recognizing that computing is a new basic skill necessary for economic opportunity and social mobility U.S. President Obama has announced a new initiative, “Computer Science For All” to empower a generation of American students with the computer science skills they need to thrive in a digital economy (2016). Employers seek technical computer specialists who can write software and invent new applications, but American universities are only training enough students to fill about 40% of the projected 1.1 million technology and computing jobs expected by 2024 (National Center for Women and Information Technology, 2016). Moreover, a lack of gender parity within the U.S. technology industry has long been viewed as a critical problem, detracting from innovation and prosperity. Pursuit of information technology (IT) majors depends, to a great extent, on students' attitudes toward IT. This study developed an Attitude toward IT Scale with a gender subtext to measure certain attitudes toward IT, held by college students. The norm group consisted of mostly freshmen enrolled in 2011 (N = 373), at a large four-year public university in Illinois. Reliability and validity of the 30-item Scale were examined by using Cronbach's alpha and a principal components factor analysis with orthogonal rotation using varimax with Kaiser normalization; the rotation converged in seven iterations. Results of data analyses showed that overall reliability is high (0.85), and factor analyses revealed five orthogonal factors with high coefficient alphas—factors that represented relevant attitude constructs. This Scale may be used by educators at the senior high school and college levels to evaluate the effectiveness of different teaching/learning strategies in promoting positive student attitudes toward IT, and in improving learning among students. The Scale is unique in that it includes attitudes toward gender equality of opportunity in IT.

Multichannel Modality in Displaying Information

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Benetti ◽  
Gianluca Mazzini
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Physical Location ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The One

Computer science and telecommunications are increasingly important in society and this leads also public administrations to take advantage of ICT, in order to communicate with citizens in a more rapid and simpler way than the complex and paper-based bureaucracy of the past. While on the one hand the use of these technologies responds to the duty of any public institution to involve the largest number of addressees, on the other hand, society must also consider the limitations of these technologies. Firstly not everybody is so familiar in their use. Moreover, the digital administration thus becomes virtual, accessible only through technological devices and not present in a physical location, and is therefore essential to ensure full coverage of the territory, which is currently not always possible. The main novelty of this paper is the implementation of an automated system capable of adapting different types of government services to multiple communication media. The joint exploitation of multiple technologies allows to use the strengths of one of them when are found the limits of another, making this multichannel modality the solution to the requirement of ICT in public administration.

scholarly journals New Applications of FIB: a 3D Look into the Past throughout the Ultrastructure of Fossil Plant Cuticles

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (S4) ◽  
pp. 8-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Benedetti ◽  
J B Diez ◽  
L M Sender ◽  
I. Escapa ◽  
R. Cúneo
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Plant ◽  
The Past ◽  
Plant Cuticles ◽  
New Applications

An Empirical Study on Interlanguage of Computer Science and Engineering Major Students in English Writing

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 4337-4340
Author(s):  
Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
English Teaching ◽  
English Writing ◽  
The Past

Interlanguage is an important issue in the field of second language acquisition for the past forty years. This study classifies the errors into three levels-lexicon, syntax and discourse, and then analyses the error examples to reflect the cause of interlanguage. The result may make some suggestions to the English teachers in English teaching.

Weak Separation Problem for Tree Languages

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (05) ◽  
pp. 583-593
Author(s):  
Saeid Alirezazadeh ◽  
Khadijeh Alibabaei
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
Classical Problem ◽  
Finite Alphabet ◽  
Direct Products ◽  
Separation Problem ◽  
Finite Algebras ◽  
Tree Languages ◽  
Weak Separation ◽  
Recognizable Language

Forest algebras are defined for investigating languages of forests [ordered sequences] of unranked trees, where a node may have more than two [ordered] successors. They consist of two monoids, the horizontal and the vertical, with an action of the vertical monoid on the horizontal monoid, and a complementary axiom of faithfulness. A pseudovariety is a class of finite algebras of a given signature, closed under the taking of homomorphic images, subalgebras and finitary direct products. By looking at the syntactic congruence for monoids and as the natural extension in the case of forest algebras, we could define a version of syntactic congruence of a subset of the free forest algebra, not just a forest language. Let [Formula: see text] be a finite alphabet and [Formula: see text] be a pseudovariety of finite forest algebras. A language [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-recognizable if its syntactic forest algebra belongs to [Formula: see text]. Separation is a classical problem in mathematics and computer science. It asks whether, given two sets belonging to some class, it is possible to separate them by another set of a smaller class. Suppose that a forest language [Formula: see text] and a forest [Formula: see text] are given. We want to find if there exists any proof for that [Formula: see text] does not belong to [Formula: see text] just by using [Formula: see text]-recognizable languages, i.e. given such [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], if there exists a [Formula: see text]-recognizable language [Formula: see text] which contains [Formula: see text] and does not contain [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we present how one can use profinite forest algebra to separate a forest language and a forest term and also to separate two forest languages.

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