A comprehensive assessment of caffeine’s effects on components of countermovement jump performance

Swimming training programs may help to limit declines in cardiovascular conditioning, muscle strength, mobility and social functioning in individuals with Down’s Syndrome (DS): (1) Background: This study aims to analyze the effects of a periodized swimming training program on swimming speed, lower body force and power and body composition in a group of swimmers with DS; (2) Methods: Nine swimmers with DS (2 men and 7 women; aged 21–30 years-old) completed an 18-week periodized swimming program. The swimmers were assessed, pre and post-training, for 25 m, 50 m and 100 m freestyle swim performance, countermovement jump performance and body composition; (3) Results: Significant and large improvements in 25 m (mean −6.39%, p < 0.05, d = 1.51), 50 m (mean −4.95%, p < 0.01, d = 2.08) and 100 m (mean −3.08%, p < 0.05, d = 1.44) freestyle performance were observed following training, with no significant changes in body composition or consistent changes in jump performance (although a large mean 14.6% decrease in relative peak force, p < 0.05, d = 1.23) (4) Conclusions: A periodized 18-week training intervention may improve swimming performance in a small group of trained swimmers with DS, with less clear changes in jump performance or body composition. This program provides a training profile for coaches working with swimmers with DS and a platform for further research into the benefits of swimming training with this under-represented population.

Download Full-text

Effects of Short-Term Plyometric Training on Agility, Jump and Repeated Sprint Performance in Female Soccer Players

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052274 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2274

Author(s):

Marcin Maciejczyk ◽

Renata Błyszczuk ◽

Aleksander Drwal ◽

Beata Nowak ◽

Marek Strzała

Keyword(s):

Physical Performance ◽

Sprint Performance ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Plyometric Training ◽

Countermovement Jump ◽

Short Term ◽

Jump Performance ◽

Squat Jump ◽

Repeated Sprint ◽

Before And After

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of short-term (4 weeks, twice a week: 8 sessions) plyometric training on agility, jump, and repeated sprint performance in female soccer players. The study comprised 17 females performing this sports discipline. The players were randomly divided into two groups: with plyometric training (PLY) and the control (CON). All players followed the same training program, but the PLY group also performed plyometric exercises. Tests used to evaluate physical performance were carried out immediately before and after PLY. After implementing the short PLY training, significant improvement in jump performance (squat jump: p = 0.04, ES = 0.48, countermovement jump: p = 0.009, ES = 0.42) and agility (p = 0.003, ES = 0.7) was noted in the PLY group. In the CON group, no significant (p > 0.05) changes in physical performance were observed. In contrast, PLY did not improve repeated sprint performance (p > 0.05) among female soccer players. In our research, it was shown that PLY can also be effective when performed for only 4 weeks instead of the 6–12 weeks typically applied.

Download Full-text

The Effects of Muscle Strength Imbalance of Lower-Extremity on Countermovement Jump Performance and Dynamic Balance in Youth Soccer Players

Journal of Coaching Development ◽

10.47684/jcd.2021.03.23.1.107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 107-118

Author(s):

Hyo-Cheol Lee ◽

Hee-Jeong Son

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Countermovement Jump ◽

Jump Performance ◽

Youth Soccer

Download Full-text

Enhancement of Countermovement Jump Performance Using a Heavy Load with Velocity-Loss Repetition Control in Female Volleyball Players

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182111530 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (21) ◽

pp. 11530

Author(s):

Michal Krzysztofik ◽

Rafal Kalinowski ◽

Robert Trybulski ◽

Aleksandra Filip-Stachnik ◽

Petr Stastny

Keyword(s):

Body Mass ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Performance Enhancement ◽

Countermovement Jump ◽

Mean Power ◽

Mean Velocity ◽

Heavy Load ◽

Jump Performance ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Post Hoc

Although velocity control in resistance training is widely studied, its utilization in eliciting post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) responses receives little attention. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of heavy-loaded barbell squats (BS) with velocity loss control conditioning activity (CA) on PAPE in subsequent countermovement jump (CMJ) performance. Sixteen resistance-trained female volleyball players participated in this study (age: 24 ± 5 yrs.; body mass: 63.5 ± 5.2 kg; height: 170 ± 6 cm; relative BS one-repetition maximum (1RM): 1.45 ± 0.19 kg/body mass). Each participant performed two different conditions: a set of the BS at 80% 1 RM with repetitions performed until a mean velocity loss of 10% as the CA or a control condition without CA (CNTRL). To assess changes in jump height (JH) and relative mean power output (MP), the CMJ was performed 5 min before and throughout the 10 min after the CA. The two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures showed a significant main effect of condition (p = 0.008; η2 = 0.387) and time (p < 0.0001; η2 = 0.257) for JH. The post hoc test showed a significant decrease in the 10th min in comparison to the value from baseline (p < 0.006) for the CNTRL condition. For the MP, a significant interaction (p = 0.045; η2 = 0.138) was found. The post hoc test showed a significant decrease in the 10th min in comparison to the values from baseline (p < 0.006) for the CNTRL condition. No significant differences were found between all of the time points and the baseline value for the CA condition. The CA used in the current study fails to enhance subsequent countermovement jump performance in female volleyball players. However, the individual analysis showed that 9 out of the 16 participants (56%) responded positively to the applied CA, suggesting that the PAPE effect may be individually dependent and should be carefully verified before implementation in a training program.

Download Full-text

Performing Repetitions To Failure in Lower-Limb Single-Joint Exercise does not Reduce Countermovement Jump Performance in Trained Male Adults

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/hukin-2021-0049 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 209-217

Author(s):

Bruna Costa ◽

Danielly M. Ferreira ◽

Petrus Gantois ◽

Dalton de Lima-Júnior ◽

Witalo Kassiano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Perceived Exertion ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Experimental Session ◽

Countermovement Jump ◽

Jump Performance ◽

Leg Extension ◽

Total Session Time ◽

Experimental Protocols ◽

Repetitions To Failure

Abstract Performing repetitions to failure (RF) is a strategy that might acutely reduce neuromuscular performance, as well as increase the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and the internal training load (ITL) during and after a resistance training (RT) session. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the acute effects of RF or repetitions not to failure (RNF) on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance and the ITL in trained male adults. Eleven men performed two experimental protocols in randomized order (RF vs. RNF). Under the RF condition, participants performed three sets of the leg extension exercise using 100% of the 10RM load and rest intervals of 180-s between sets. Under the RNF condition, participants were submitted to six sets of five repetitions with the same intensity and an 80-s rest interval between sets in the same exercise. The CMJ test was analyzed before and following (15-s and 30-min, respectively) each experimental session. The ITL was evaluated by multiplying the RPE and the total session time, 30-min after the protocol. No main effect or interaction time vs. condition was found for CMJ performance (p > 0.05). In contrast, the ITL showed higher values under the RF condition (p = 0.003). Therefore, even though RF-induced a greater ITL, our results suggest that adopting this strategy in one single-joint exercise for the lower limbs does not seem sufficient to reduce CMJ height.

Download Full-text

Acute effects of muscle failure and training system (traditional vs. rest-pause) in resistance exercise on countermovement jump performance in trained adults

Isokinetics and Exercise Science ◽

10.3233/ies-202123 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Petrus Gantois ◽

Fabiano de Souza Fonseca ◽

Dalton de Lima-Júnior ◽

Manoel da Cunha Costa ◽

Bruna Daniella de Vasconcelos Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Exercise ◽

Training System ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Countermovement Jump ◽

Jump Performance ◽

And Training

Download Full-text

Effects of Slackline Training on Acceleration, Agility, Jump Performance and Postural Control in Youth Soccer Players

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/hukin-2018-0078 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 235-245

Author(s):

Javier Fernández-Rio ◽

Luis Santos ◽

Benjamín Fernández-García ◽

Roberto Robles ◽

Iván Casquero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postural Control ◽

Training Program ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Training Session ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Control Group ◽

Countermovement Jump ◽

Jump Performance ◽

Squat Jump

AbstractThe goal of this study was to assess the effects of a supervised slackline training program in a group of soccer players. Thirty-four male division I under-19 players (16.64 ± 0.81 years) agreed to participate in the study. They were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). The first group (EG) followed a 6-week supervised slackline training program (3 sessions/week; 5-9 min/session), while the CG performed only regular soccer training. Several variables were assessed in all participants: acceleration (20-m sprint test), agility (90º turns test), jump performance (squat jump, countermovement jump), and postural control (Center of Pressure ( CoP) testing: length, area, speed, Xmean, Ymean, Xspeed, Yspeed, Xdeviation, Ydeviation). Ratings of perceived exertion and local muscle ratings of perceived exertions were also recorded after each slackline training session. At post-tests, there was a significant increase only in the EG in acceleration, agility, squat jump and countermovement jump performance, as well as several CoP variables: area in the bipedal support on a firm surface, and length, area and speed in the left leg on a firm surface. The program was rated as “somewhat hard” by the players, while quadriceps, gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior were the most exerted muscles while slacklining. In conclusion, slackline training can be an effective training tool for young, high-level soccer players.

Download Full-text