Making Shift Happen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareth Wit

Leadership is learnable. Furthermore, future developments within our organizations will be strongly influenced by our leadership effectiveness. In ten steps Margareth de Wit describes how, as a leader, you can train yourself to achieve desired transitions within your organization. Educated at INSEAD and Wharton, Margareth de Wit has a long and rich experience working at the top of international companies in the USA, India, the UK, and Africa, providing intensive leadership sessions to CEOs, commissioners, managers, and directors. Margareth de Wit has inspired hundreds of professionals within the education sector to see themselves as playing the central role in providing better education through intelligent collaboration in self-managing school teams. Her experiences show that systematic attention to leadership and group dynamics creates organizations that are both successful and future-proof. Providing striking examples from her broad practice and experience, historical comparisons, human interactions, analytical schemes, and evidence-based methods, de Wit paints a picture of the road that leads to effective leadership. While this transition is never finished, it is nevertheless one that always leads to both personal and organizational improvement.

Nanophotonics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talha Erdem ◽  
Yusuf Kelestemur ◽  
Zeliha Soran-Erdem ◽  
Yun Ji ◽  
Hilmi Volkan Demir

AbstractHere the first photometric study of road-lighting white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) integrated with semiconductor colloidal quantum dots (QDs) is reported enabling higher luminance than conventional light sources, specifically in mesopic vision regimes essential to street lighting. Investigating over 100 million designs uncovers that quality road-lighting QD-WLEDs, with a color quality scale and color rendering index ≥85, enables 13–35% higher mesopic luminance than the sources commonly used in street lighting. Furthermore, these QD-WLEDs were shown to be electrically more efficient than conventional sources with power conversion efficiencies ≥16–29%. Considering this fact, an experimental proof-of-concept QD-WLED was demonstrated, which is the first account of QD based color conversion custom designed for street lighting applications. The obtained white LED achieved the targeted mesopic luminance levels in accordance with the road lighting standards of the USA and the UK. These results indicate that road-lighting QD-WLEDs are strongly promising for energy-saving quality road lighting.


Author(s):  
N.P. Busygina ◽  
T.G. Podushkina ◽  
N.V. Freik

The article analyses the international experience of establishing evidence-based practice registers. Such registers are considered not as a “container” of once and for all selected “best practices”, but as a permanent mechanism of evidence-based social policy. Using the material of registers developed in the USA and the UK, the analysis of the most important structural components of the registers is carried out, with the main focus on the methodology and procedure of practice selection. The authors question the hierarchy of research methodologies and show that experimental design (randomized controlled trials) can be recognized as the “gold standard” of research only under certain conditions — if a linear, simple theory of change is adopted, while the adoption of a complex theory of change requires other research strategies and methods. Based on the analysis, several priority tasks are formulated that need to be addressed in order for the national register of practices being created in Russia to comply with the principles of evidence-based social policy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-113
Author(s):  
S. V. Zhuchkova

Regular surveys of doctoral students on their career trajectories, satisfaction with the program and the learning process, with the organization of supervision, etc. are widespread in leading foreign universities. The results of such surveys are used to improve programs and assess the effect of the introduced measures. In Russia, however, there is a lack of empirical data on the doctoral students’ experience, which makes it impossible to identify and address the reasons for the low performance of the Russian doctoral education observed over the past few years. To support the discussion about the need for such monitoring surveys in Russia, this article presents the results of an analysis of open information from the websites of about 150 foreign institutions that organize doctoral student surveys at the national, cross-university, and institutional levels. The presented review shows how actively doctoral education data collection takes place in the USA, Canada, Australia, and the UK, where there are one or more large-scale projects stimulating the collection of data from several universities, and how the results of such research are used by universities, employers, and applicants. On the example of topics related to the motivation for entering doctoral programs, to the career trajectories of doctoral students, and to the organization of supervision, it is discussed how the described research practices can be used for the evidence-based development of Russian doctoral education.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
David García-Álvarez ◽  
Núria Sempere-Rubio ◽  
Raquel Faubel

This systematic review was carried out to compile and assess original studies that included economic evaluations of neurological physiotherapy interventions. A thorough search of PubMED, Cochrane and Embase was developed using keywords such as health economics, neurological physiotherapy and cost analysis, and studies published during the last six-year term were selected. A total of 3124 studies were analyzed, and 43 were eligible for inclusion. Among the studies analyzed, 48.8% were interventions for stroke patients, and 13.9% were focused on Parkinson’s disease. In terms of the countries involved, 46.5% of the studies included were developed in the UK, and 13.9% were from the USA. The economic analysis most frequently used was cost-utility, implemented in 22 of the studies. A cost-effectiveness analysis was also developed in nine of those studies. The distribution of studies including an economic evaluation in this discipline showed a clear geographic dominance in terms of the pathology. A clear upward trend was noted in the economic evaluation of interventions developed in neurological physiotherapy. However, these studies should be promoted for their use in evidence-based clinical practice and decision-making.


2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Foreman ◽  
Michael Arthur‐Kelly

Educational policies for students with a disability in Australia, the USA, the UK and in most western countries stipulate that inclusive placement should be an option available to parents. This article examines three principal drivers of inclusion: social justice principles, legislation, and research findings, and considers the extent to which each of these has impacted on inclusive policy and practice. The article considers the research base for inclusion, and examines the extent to which the policy and practice of inclusion is supported by evidence. It concludes with some suggestions for a research agenda that focuses on the particular contextual challenges and complexities faced in Australasian school settings, whilst recognising international directions in the identification of evidence‐based practices.


Author(s):  
Helene Tronstad Moe

Leaders do not always lead effectively. Barriers to effective leadership exist both within organizations and within every human being. Barriers to effective leadership may cause organizations to select the wrong people for high-ranking positions, and may be an important reason for organizational ineffectiveness, poor group dynamics and lack of self-regulation. One plausible explanation for the existence of such barriers is fluctuations in hormone levels among leaders and followers, a hypothesis that needs further study. Levels of testosterone, cortisol, adrenaline and oxytocin are of interest, and longitudinal studies correlating hormone data with measures of leadership effectiveness are one way of establishing why leaders do not more often utilize effective leadership techniques. Hormone analysis technology has advanced tremendously in recent years, and low-barrier testing may be conducted for some of these hormones by extracting saliva samples in near real-life scenarios.


2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Majoros

The study introduces a Hungarian economic thinker, István Varga*, whose valuable activity has remained unexplored up to now. He became an economic thinker during the 1920s, in a country that had not long before become independent of Austria. The role played by Austria in the modern economic thinking of that time was a form of competition with the thought adhered to by the UK and the USA. Hungarian economists mainly interpreted and commented on German and Austrian theories, reasons for this being that, for example, the majority of Hungarian economists had studied at German and Austrian universities, while at Hungarian universities principally German and Austrian economic theories were taught. István Varga was familiar not only with contemporary German economics but with the new ideas of Anglo-Saxon economics as well — and he introduced these ideas into Hungarian economic thinking. He lived and worked in turbulent times, and historians have only been able to appreciate his activity in a limited manner. The work of this excellent economist has all but been forgotten, although he was of international stature. After a brief summary of Varga’s profile the study will demonstrate the lasting influence he has had in four areas — namely, business cycle research and national income estimations, the 1946 Hungarian stabilisation program, corporate profit, and consumption economics — and will go on to summarise his most important achievements.


Author(s):  
Marco M. Fontanella ◽  
Giorgio Saraceno ◽  
Ting Lei ◽  
Joshua B. Bederson ◽  
Namkyu You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Usa ◽  

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