Prevalence Of Intra – Axial Versus Extra – Axial Hemorrhage In The Setting Of Head Trauma Using Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 292-302
Author(s):  
Karthik Krishna Ramakrishnan ◽  
◽  
Vettrivizhi Sampath Arutperumselvi ◽  
Pavankumar Mathapathi ◽  
Praveen K. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Image Data ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Arachnoid Hemorrhage

Traumatic Brain Injury presents a global health concern, as it has become one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Non-contrast head computed tomography (CT) scans have been used widely as a diagnostic tool in acute head injury because they are cost-effective, widely available, and detect haemorrhages with high sensitivity. We aimed to study the prevalence of intra and extra axial haemorrhages in patients presenting with head injury in and around Kanchipuram district of Tamil Nadu and also to further identify the commoner types of intracranial haemorrhages associated with such injuries. A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department Of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital for a period of 6 months. Image data from CT scans of the brain were obtained for 50 patients presenting with skull trauma and clinical suspicion of intracranial haemorrhage during the time period from January 2020 to May 2020 and were studied. Based on our study, out of the 50 subjects included it was observed that in the setting of traumatic head injury extra axial hemorrhages are more common than intra axial hemorrhages. Among the type of extra axial hemorrhage , extra dural hemorrhage was far more common than subdural and sub arachnoid hemorrhage especially in presence of skull fractures.

Computed Tomography for Minor Head Injury

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Minor Head Injury ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Study Methodology

This chapter, found in the headache section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of computed tomography (CT) scans for minor head injury using the New Orleans criteria. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. The study showed that head CT scans for patients with minor head injury can be safely limited to those presenting with at least 1 of 7 specific clinical findings. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

scholarly journals A study of correlation of degree of midline shift on computed tomography scan and Glasgow coma scale in patients of acute traumatic head injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3075
Author(s):  
A. K. Chaurasia ◽  
Lalit Dhurve ◽  
Rajneesh Gour ◽  
Rajpal Kori ◽  
Avias K. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Glasgow Coma Scale ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Midline Shift ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Coma Scale

Background: Traumatic brain injury is one of most common cause of death in road traffic accident. Most of these classified as mild injury, with approximately 20% classified as moderate to severe. Approximate 50% of the 150,000 trauma deaths every year are caused by head injury.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 patients with a head injury admitted in the Hamidia hospital, Bhopal. The assessment of the severity of head injury using Glasgow coma scale (GCS) at the time of admission, follow up on 5 days and 15 days respectively. The collected data were transformed into variables, coded and entered in Microsoft excel. Data were analyzed and statistically evaluated using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS)-PC-21 version.Results: Out of 150, a total of 115 patients had no midline shift while 35 patients were having midline shift. Severe head injury patients (GCS 3-8) were having more morbidity and mortality. Moderate head injury (GCS 9-13) was associated with good prognosis and low mortality. A greater degree of midline shift of (more than 5 mm) is indicated severe head injury and is significantly associated with morbid outcome and higher mortality.Conclusions: In our study, road traffic accidents is the most common cause of head injury, with males being affected more than females. The degree of midline shift on computed tomography (CT) scan head in patients with head injuries was found to be significantly associated with high mortality and morbidity.

scholarly journals Gender differences in the maxillary sinus volume : a study using computed tomography scans of a sample of Tamil Nadu population

2016 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
N Muthukumaravel ◽  
K. Y. Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gender Determination ◽  
Maxillary Sinus Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

Abstract Background and aims : Measurements of the maxillary sinus volumes in computed tomography (CT) scans can be used for determination of gender when other methods are inconclusive. Maxillary sinus dimension measurements are valuable in studying sexual dimorphism and can assist in gender determination. The radiographic images can provide adequate measurements for maxillary sinuses that cannot be approached by other means. The purpose of the present study was to determine and compare the volume of the maxillary sinus between males and females of Tamil Nadu region using CT scans. Materials and methods : This study was carried out by using CT images of head region of 100 males and 100 females who underwent CT scanning for indications other than the pathology of the maxillary sinuses. The CT images obtained were of patients between 20 to 50 years of age. The maxillary sinus volume of each side were calculated by using the following formula: Maximal width X Maximal height X Maximal depth X 0.5. Comparison of data between genders and sides was done. The statistical inference was derived by applying unpaired student "t" test and the p value was obtained (p value <.05 was considered statistical significant). Results: Oncomparison of males with females, the mean volumes of maxillary sinuses on each side (left and right) had shown a statistically significant difference (p<.OOOl ). The maxillary sinus volumes of the males were found to be significantly higher than that of the females. Among males, the average mean volume of maxillary sinuses (right + left) is 15.15 ± 0.45 cm3. Among females, the average mean volume of maxillary sinuses (right + left) is 12.77 ± 1.34 em' which is significantly lesser than that of the males. Conclusion : It can be concluded that the volumes of the maxillary sinuses of males are larger than those of the females and this difference is statistically significant. Maxillary sinus dimension measurements can assist in gender determination.

Comparison of Accidental and Nonaccidental Traumatic Head Injury in Children on Noncontrast Computed Tomography

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 626-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Tung ◽  
M. Kumar ◽  
R. C. Richardson ◽  
C. Jenny ◽  
W. D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
Noncontrast Computed Tomography

scholarly journals Application of PECARN rules would significantly decrease CT rates in a Dutch cohort of children with minor traumatic head injuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 179 (10) ◽  
pp. 1597-1602
Author(s):  
Nicky Niele ◽  
Marlies van Houten ◽  
Ellen Tromp ◽  
J.B. van Goudoever ◽  
Frans B. Plötz
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
Dutch Cohort

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the potential impact of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) rules on the CT rate in a large paediatric minor traumatic head injury (MTHI) cohort and compare this with current national Dutch guidelines. This was a planned sub-study of a prospective multicentre observational study that enrolled 1006 children younger than 18 years with MTHI. We calculated the number of recommended CT scans and described trauma-related CT scan abnormalities. The PECARN rules recommended a significantly lower percentage of CT scans in all age categories, namely 101/357 (28.3%) versus 164/357 (45.9%) (p < 0.001) in patients under 2 years of age and 148/623 (23.8%) versus 394/623 (63.2%) (p < 0,001) versus in patients 2 years and older. Conclusion: The projected CT rate can significantly be reduced if the PECARN rules are applied. We therefore advocate that the PECARN guidelines are also implemented in The Netherlands. What is Known:• To guide clinicians whether to perform a CT scan in children with a minor traumatic head injury (MTHI) clinical decision rules has been developed.• The overall CT scan rate in adherence with the Dutch MTHI guidelines is 44%. What is New:• The projected CT rate can significantly be reduced in a Dutch cohort of MTHI if the PECARN rules are applied.• The Dutch national guidelines for MTHI can safely be replaced by the PECARN rules.

Trends in Head Computed Tomography Utilization in Children Presenting to Emergency Departments After Traumatic Head Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Onyinyechi I. Ukwuoma ◽  
Veerajalandhar Allareddy ◽  
Veerasathpurush Allareddy ◽  
Sankeerth Rampa ◽  
Jerri A. Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
Head Computed Tomography
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