Enhancing the Engineering Properties of Indian Black Cotton Soil with Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Ash – A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karanbir Singh Randhawa ◽  
◽  
Rajiv Chauhan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Greenhouse Emissions

The present study is the review of work carried out by various researchers on the improvement of engineering properties of expansive soils namely Indian Black Cotton Soil (BCS), after the addition of MSWI ash to the soil in varying proportions. The findings of study indicate that the optimum content of MSWI ash to be added to expansive soils for improvement in strength characteristics varies between 10% and 30% with best results at 25% of MSWI ash proportion. This content of MSWI ash increases the UCS of expansive black cotton soil from 28.8 kPa to 53.4 kPa and an increase in CBR value from 3.38% to 9.38%. The review suggests the use of MSWI ash in India keeping in view the enormous increase in volumes of municipal solid waste (MSW) due to fast urbanization in the country. The extensive use of such green technology will go a long way in reducing requirement of civil construction materials thereby lowering greenhouse emissions. Simultaneously, cost effectiveness in improvement of weak soils to be used in Highway subgrade civil engineering applications using MSWI ash will result is sustainable construction practices.

scholarly journals Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) Ashes as Construction Materials—A Review

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3143
Author(s):  
Byoung Hooi Cho ◽  
Boo Hyun Nam ◽  
Jinwoo An ◽  
Heejung Youn
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The U.S

Over the past decades, extensive studies on municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) ashes have been performed to develop more effective recycling and waste management programs. Despite the large amount of research activities and the resulting improvements to MSWI ashes, the recycling programs for MSWI ashes are limited. For instance, although the U.S. generates more MSWI ashes than any other country in the world, its reuse/recycle programs are limited; bottom ash and fly ash are combined and disposed of in landfills. Reuse of MSWI ashes in the construction sectors (i.e., geomaterials, asphalt paving, and concrete products) as replacements for raw materials is one of most promising options because of the large consumption and relatively lenient environmental criteria. The main objective of this study was to comprehensively review MSWI ashes with regard to specific engineering properties and their performance as construction materials. The focus was on (1) the current practices of MSWI ash management (in particular, a comparison between European countries and the U.S.), (2) the engineering properties and performance of ashes when they are used as substitutes of construction materials and for field applications, and (3) the environmental properties and criteria for the use of MSWI ashes. Overall, the asphalt and concrete applications are the most promising, from both the mechanical and leachate viewpoints. However, cons were also observed: high absorption of MSWI ash requires a high asphalt binder content in hot-mix asphalt, and metallic elements in the ash may generate H2 gas in the high-pH environment of the concrete. These side effects can be predicted via material characterization (i.e., chemical and physical), and accordingly, proper treatment and/or modified mix proportioning can be performed prior to use.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Strength of Alkali-Activated Bricks Containing Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) Fly Ash Developed as Construction Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xu ◽  
Qingliang Zhao ◽  
Wei Qiu ◽  
Yan Xue ◽  
Na Li
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration ◽  
Alkali Activated

Alkali-activated materials (AAM) are widely applied in the field of building materials and civil engineering to substitute cement materials. This study used two types of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA): grate-firing fly ash (GFFA) and fluidized bed fly ash (FBFA) as brick raw materials. Various weight ratio of 20%, 30%, and 40% GFFA and FBFA were added to coal fly ash (CFA), GGBFs (Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag), and an alkali-activating reagent to produce alkali-activated bricks. Microstructure and crystalline phase composition were observed to analyze their compressive strength, and a leaching test was used to prove the material’s safety for the environment. It can be seen from the results of this study that the alkali-activated bricks containing FBFA had higher compressive strength than those containing GFFA in the same amount. Considering the engineering properties, the alkali-activated bricks containing FBFA are more suitable to be used as building materials. The difference in the compressive strength resulted from the large amount of calcium compounds and chloride salts present in the GFFA. From SEM analysis, it was observed that there was a large number of pores in the microstructure. It was also found from the results of XRD that the bricks containing GFFA contained a large amount of chloride salt. From the results of the two leaching tests, it was found that the amounts of six heavy metals detected in the leachates of the bricks in this study met the corresponding regulation standards. This described MSWI-FA is suitable for use as alkali-activated material, and its products have potential to be commercially used in the future.

The fate of heavy metals and salts during the wet treatment of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Yanjun Hu ◽  
Lingqin Zhao ◽  
Yonghao Zhu ◽  
Bennong Zhang ◽  
Guixiang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration

A mini-review of heavy metal recycling technologies for municipal solid waste incineration fly ash

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110039
Author(s):  
Huan Wang ◽  
Fenfen Zhu ◽  
Xiaoyan Liu ◽  
Meiling Han ◽  
Rongyan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration ◽  
Mswi Fly Ash ◽  
Metal Recycling

This mini-review article summarizes the available technologies for the recycling of heavy metals (HMs) in municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash (FA). Recovery technologies included thermal separation (TS), chemical extraction (CE), bioleaching, and electrochemical processes. The reaction conditions of various methods, the efficiency of recovering HMs from MSWI FA and the difficulties and solutions in the process of technical development were studied. Evaluation of each process has also been done to determine the best HM recycling method and future challenges. Results showed that while bioleaching had minimal environmental impact, the process was time-consuming. TS and CE were the most mature technologies, but the former process was not cost-effective. Overall, it has the greatest economic potential to recover metals by CE with scrubber liquid produced by a wet air pollution control system. An electrochemical process or solvent extraction could then be applied to recover HMs from the enriched leachate. Ongoing development of TS and bioleaching technologies could reduce the treatment cost or time.

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