scholarly journals The governance of natural resources: Issues affecting better management of revenues and distribution of benefits within Papua New Guinea

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hitelai Polume-Kiele
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Essential Services

Papua New Guinea is rich in natural resources, including minerals, oil, gas, timber and fish, and cash crops such as coffee, palm oil, cocoa, copra, rubber, tea and spices which contribute significantly to Papua New Guinea’s overall development. Several mining, oil and gas companies are currently operating in Porgera, Ok Tedi, Lihir, Hidden Valley, Sinivit, Simberi, Tolukuma, Kutubu and Gobe. The operations of these companies have generated an estimated K13.42 billion to Papua New Guinea’s economy. Landowners affected by these developments also receive royalties from those operations. However this wealth has not been translated into tangible human development across the country, as shown in persistently poorly performing social indicators. Instead income from the exploitation of natural resources is being used in unplanned projects and not focused on the delivery of core social functions, such as the provision of a stable and non-distorting policy aimed at building and sustaining the development of a modern market, and legislative and regulatory frameworks, social services, social security and social infrastructure which would lead to the improvement in the delivery of essential services to all Papua New Guineans. There is widespread evidence of benefits not being distributed to all landowners. Landowners are yet to fulfil their aspirations regarding these developments and to see improvements in their living standards. This paper discusses two case studies: the Porgera and Lihir mines, outlining the landowners associations’ experiences, which illustrate issues of governance and management of the distribution of benefit flows from the exploitation of Papua New Guinea’s natural resource wealth.The focus of the article’s discussion is on governance and management issues that affect the distribution of benefits, delivery of essential services to rural areas of PNG, stability within government, and the expectations of landowners.

scholarly journals Commonwealth Local Government Forum Pacific Project

2008 ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Parker ◽  
Megan Praeger
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
City Council ◽  
Social Infrastructure

The Commonwealth Local Government Forum (CLGF) Pacific Project works with local government and other stakeholders in nine Pacific Island countries – Cook Islands, Fiji Islands, Kiribati, Samoa, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. It seeks to strengthen local democracy and good governance, and to help local governments deal with the increasing challenges of service delivery and urban management in the unique Pacific environment.Human settlement patterns in the region are changing rapidly. The Pacific has traditionally been a rural agricultural/subsistence society, but this is no longer the case. The accelerated pace of urbanisation has impacted significantly on Pacific nations and in the very near future the majority of Pacific Islanders will be found in urban areas. Already over 50% of Fiji’s population are urban dwellers. Rapid urbanisation brings with it unique challenges and opportunities. Local governments are at the forefront of this phenomenon, with the responsibility to manage urban development and the transition from rural areas to cities and towns. Their success or failure to manage urbanisation and provide the required levels of physical and social infrastructure will affect many lives in a new urban Pacific.The project now has three components – the main Pacific Regional Project and two country-specific programmes: the Honiara City Council Institutional Capacity Building Project and the Commonwealth Local Government Good Practice Scheme in Papua New Guinea.

scholarly journals Individual and contextual factors associated with barriers to accessing healthcare among women in Papua New Guinea: insights from a nationwide demographic and health survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
Ebenezer Agbaglo ◽  
Louis Kobina Dadzie ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Edward Kwabena Ameyaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background This study sought to assess the individual and contextual factors associated with barriers to accessing healthcare among women in Papua New Guinea. Methods The study was conducted among 14 653 women aged 15–49 y using data from the 2016–2018 Papua New Guinea Demographic and Health Survey. The outcome variable was barriers to accessing healthcare. Descriptive and multilevel logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05. Results Women aged 15–19 y were more likely to experience at least one barrier compared with those aged 40–49 y (adjusted OR [AOR]=1.48; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.86). Women with secondary/higher education (AOR=0.68; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.81), women in the richest wealth quintile (AOR=0.36; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.46) and those in the least disadvantaged socioeconomic status (AOR=0.46; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.64) had lower odds of having challenges with at least one barrier to healthcare. However, living in rural areas increased the odds of facing at least one barrier to healthcare (AOR=1.87; 95% CI 1.27 to 2.77). Conclusions This study has demonstrated that both individual and contextual factors are associated with barriers to healthcare accessibility among women in Papua New Guinea. To enhance the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals 3.1, 3.7 and 3.8, it is critical to deem these factors necessary and reinforce prevailing policies to tackle barriers to accessing healthcare among women in Papua New Guinea.

scholarly journals THE TAMBOS OF THE PERUVIAN RURAL TERRITORY: A SYSTEMATIC CATALOG PROPOSAL AS DESIGN STRATEGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-94
Author(s):  
Cristian Yarasca-Aybar
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
Infrastructure Program

The tambos are small buildings that function as social platforms in Peruvian rural areas to provide essential services to the entire vulnerable and dispersed rural population. The Peruvian government intends to implement more than a thousand new tambos in the national territory. However, this social infrastructure program faces heterogeneous conditions and demands according to Peru’s geographical and population complexity. This article proposes developing a systematic catalog of modular components as a design strategy for the architectural approach of future tambos. Georeferenced data and climate design guidelines were used to conduct this study. As a result, the systematic catalog synthesizes critical variables such as natural regions and programmatic requirements to generate diverse architectural configurations of the new tambos. Therefore, these future buildings would be optimally articulated in different areas of influence under a systematic vision of the Peruvian rural territory.

scholarly journals Exploring the sustaining factors that motivate nurses to work in the rural areas of Papua New Guinea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Priscilla Poga
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Rural Nurses ◽  
Rural Work ◽  
Personal Challenges

<p>Papua New Guinea is among other developing countries that are faced with a critical shortage in human resources in health, specifically nurses, and rural areas are the most affected. Initially, and perhaps unsurprisingly, there were only two relevant studies that directly related to Papua New Guinea in this area based on the literature search. The first of these two studies was focused on nurses and the social aspect of rural motivation compared to the other which was focused on rural health professionals in general. Nevertheless, other research studies were eventually found from other developing countries such as certain Pacific, African and Latin American countries that served to assist in focusing the research on the chosen topic.  This descriptive-exploratory study set out to explore the sustaining factors that influenced existing nurses to remain (or otherwise) in their work in Papua New Guinea’s rural areas. As such, the study involves 10 rural nurses with over two years of rural work experience in two different organisations; government and church. The interviews were semi-structured and were designed to explore the motivating factors for rural nurses and how any challenges, or demotivating factors, were overcome. The interviews were conducted in the common spoken language Tok Pisin which was translated into English, transcribed and analysed thematically.  Overall the study found that rural nurses are disadvantaged because they struggle with limited resources to deliver effective health care, and they also face several personal challenges which are often overlooked. The main findings are categorised under two major themes, 1) safety and 2) socioeconomic, and each are explored by further exploration of the themes and sub-themes that are evident in both. The implications of this study are examined, including recommendations, to develop policies that are designed to address the ongoing needs of rural nurses in Papua New Guinea.</p>

Returning Pipelines to Service Following a Mw7.5 Earthquake: Papua New Guinea Experience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Albrecht ◽  
Rhys-Sheffer Birthwright ◽  
John Calame ◽  
Justin Cloutier ◽  
Michael Gragg
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Body ◽  
Field Inspection ◽  
Field Team

Abstract The Papua New Guinea Liquefied Natural Gas (PNG LNG) project is a joint venture with participation by ExxonMobil, Oil Search Limited (OSL), Kumul Petroleum, Santos, JX Nippon Oil and Gas Exploration and Mineral Resources Development Company, and began production in 2014. As described in a previous IPC paper, the project, operated by ExxonMobil PNG Limited (EMPNG) sustained a M7.5 earthquake and approximately 300 aftershocks in 2018, epicentered directly under key facilities. Around 150 km of high-pressure gas and condensate pipelines in the rugged PNG highlands were affected but did not lose containment or pressure. Immediately following the M7.5 event, EMPNG began efforts to assess and inspect the pipelines in order to ensure public safety, and, at the appropriate time, restore LNG production. The technical efforts took place along the pipeline Right of Way (ROW) in a remote jungle environment, which, following the earthquake, was also a disaster zone in which the few available resources were prioritized towards humanitarian relief. Due to resource constraints, the pipeline field inspection team typically numbered only two or three specialists. The inspection team drew heavily on analysis work, ongoing since project startup in 2014 and in progress when the earthquake occurred, that simulated the condition of the ROW and pipe stress state following earthquake events similar in magnitude to what actually occurred. The body of existing analysis work allowed the field team to compare aerially observed ROW ground movements to previously modeled cases, and rapidly infer pipe stress state without actually measuring pipe deformation on the ground. Due to resource constraints, that latter activity, if required before startup, would have significantly delayed project restart. The worldwide network of technical resources that had been assisting with ongoing simulations was quickly re-directed to analyzing actual observed ground deformations, efficiently supporting the small field team from outside the disaster zone. After restart, field inspection activities continued, observations were categorized, and an Earthquake Recovery (EQR) organization was initiated to execute ROW repairs. Just as the initial inspection work was aided by pre-earthquake analyses, EQR activities have been expedited by the extensive ROW maintenance program that had been ongoing prior to the earthquake. This paper and accompanying oral presentation present details of the inspection and recovery, and show that the extensive simulations, preparations and maintenance programs supported by EMPNG during project operations prior to the earthquake enabled a rapid and efficient response when the earthquake actually occurred, and thus provided enormous value to the business.

Oil and gas in Papua New Guinea

Energy Policy ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Owen ◽  
JC Lattimore
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Guinea

scholarly journals Papua New Guinea in 2018

Asian Survey ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Ronald May
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Summit Meeting ◽  
Major Earthquake ◽  
International Profile

Papua New Guinea experienced another challenging year, with a major earthquake impacting oil and gas projects, rioting and inter-clan fighting in the highlands, and economic decline, but Prime Minister O’Neill survived, and the country raised its international profile with the hosting of the 2018 APEC summit meeting. Closer ties between Papua New Guinea and China raised some concerns in Australia, which moved to strengthen its presence in Papua New Guinea and the region.

scholarly journals Prevalence of syphilis, gonorrhoea and chlamydia in women in Fiji, the Federated States of Micronesia, Papua New Guinea and Samoa, 1995–2017: Spectrum-STI model estimates

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Takeshi Nishijima ◽  
Devina Nand ◽  
Nefertti David ◽  
Mathias Bauri ◽  
Robert Carney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Federated States Of Micronesia ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Diagnostic Test Performance ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Active Syphilis

Objectives: To estimate prevalence levels of and time trends for active syphilis, gonorrhoea and chlamydia in women aged 15–49 years in four countries in the Pacific (Fiji, the Federated States of Micronesia [FSM], Papua New Guinea [PNG] and Samoa) to inform surveillance and control strategies for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Methods: The Spectrum-STI model was fitted to data from prevalence surveys and screenings of adult female populations collected during 1995−2017 and adjusted for diagnostic test performance and to account for undersampled high-risk populations. For chlamydia and gonorrhoea, data were further adjusted for age and differences between urban and rural areas. Results: Prevalence levels were estimated as a percentage (95% confidence interval). In 2017, active syphilis prevalence was estimated in Fiji at 3.89% (2.82 to 5.06), in FSM at 1.48% (0.93 to 2.16), in PNG at 3.91% (1.67 to 7.24) and in Samoa at 0.16% (0.07 to 0.37). For gonorrhoea, the prevalence in Fiji was 1.63% (0.50 to 3.87); in FSM it was 1.59% (0.49 to 3.58); in PNG it was 11.0% (7.25 to 16.1); and in Samoa it was 1.61% (1.17 to 2.19). The prevalence of chlamydia in Fiji was 24.1% (16.5 to 32.7); in FSM it was 23.9% (18.5 to 30.6); in PNG it was 14.8% (7.39 to 24.7); and in Samoa it was 30.6% (26.8 to 35.0). For each specific disease within each country, the 95% confidence intervals overlapped for 2000 and 2017, although in PNG the 2017 estimates for all three STIs were below the 2000 estimates. These patterns were robust in the sen sitivity analyses. Discussion: This study demonstrated a persistently high prevalence of three major bacterial STIs across four countries in WHO’s Western Pacific Region during nearly two decades. Further strengthening of strategies to control and prevent STIs is warranted.

scholarly journals Russia and Papua New Guinea in the Light of the New Policy of the Island State – Prospects for Cooperation

2020 ◽  
pp. 450-461
Author(s):  
N.N. Miklouho-Maclay ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Silver Copper ◽  
Island State ◽  
Gold Silver

Papua New Guinea is a unique country in many ways. In addition to its advantageous geographical location, the country is extremely rich in natural resources such as gold, silver, copper, gas, oil, nickel, etc. The article gives a brief overview of the economy of Papua New Guinea, the policy of the new PNG’s Prime Minister James Marape and the prospects of Russia’s participation in PNG’s business projects.

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