scholarly journals Conflict in the Landscape: A Case Study of the Cultural Values Model

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 35-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Fundamental Cause ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
The Media ◽  
Range Of Values

In some senses, landscapes are our heritage. They are touchstones of identity, defining who we are as a nation, as iwi and hapu and as communities. However, landscapes have become a battlefield as they are subjected to rapid and widespread change. Reaction to these changes is being vocalised in the streets, the media, in courtrooms and at a variety of recent conferences in New Zealand. A fundamental cause of the conflict is that formal methods of attributing significance to landscape, particularly as codified in legislation, have not kept abreast of emerging recognition of its rich and complex meanings. Additionally, decision-making processes relating to new developments tend to rely on expert assessments, largely overlooking the distinctive cultural heritage that arises from the close interactions between people and their landscapes. To achieve better management of the multiple interests in landscape, it is necessary to move beyond 'silo' thinking and to be inclusive of values that currently fall outside of standardised assessment methods. Using the Cultural Values Model, this article suggests that conflict arises because of the lack of recognition of the range of values that may be implicit in any particular landscape. The model suggests that landscapes can be understood in an integrated way through consideration of forms, relationships and practices; the dynamic interactions between these; and the dimension of time. Aspects of landscape that are considered to be 'valuable' by experts or communities may arise from all or any of these components. Conflict in the landscape arises where certain components are ignored or given primacy over others. While conflict cannot be entirely avoided, the model offers a more integrated understanding of landscape values as a whole and thus the ability to anticipate where and why conflicts may arise.

The Heterogeneous Nature of Urban Poor Families

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Salcedo ◽  
Alejandra Rasse
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Heterogeneous Nature ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Different Cultures

This paper addresses the scholarly debate on cultural homogeneity or heterogeneity of urban poor families. While authors such as Lewis (1959) or Wacquant (2000 ; 2001) claim that structural disadvantages are linked to a particular type of identity or culture, others such as Hannerz (1969) , Anderson (1999 ; 2002) , or Portes ( Portes and Manning, 1986 ; Portes and Jensen, 1989 ) believe that it is possible to find different behaviors, expectations, decision–making processes, and outcomes among people living in seemingly identical structural conditions ( Small et al., 2010 ). Using Santiago, Chile, as a case study, we differentiate five different cultures or identities among the poor. Those identities seem to be the product of different historical and political circumstances, as well as of different types of public policies. The paper ends with a discussion of the need for poverty reduction policies to consider these differences among the poor.

‘Stepping on the heads of our Gods'

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-56
Author(s):  
Yangji Doma Sherpa ◽  
A. John Sinclair ◽  
Thomas Henley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mountain Environments ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The Himalayan region of India is experiencing rapid development in tourism, agriculture, highway construction and hydroelectric dam construction. This research considered the role of the public both within and outside of development decision-making processes in these high mountain environments using the proposed Himalayan Ski Village (HSV) in Manali as a case study. The qualitative data revealed that there has been an extensive array of public participation activity related to the HSV project over approximately 10 years. Very little of this activity has evolved, however, through the formal decision-making process. Rather, most participation activities, such as general house meetings, objection letters, public rallies, court cases against the proposed project, and a religious congregation were instigated by the public to protest the proposed development. The findings also show that involvement in the participatory activities undertaken by the public and project proponent fostered instrumental and communicative learning outcomes.

scholarly journals Club Diplomacy in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-326
Author(s):  
Danita Catherine Burke
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
International Politics ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
Club Membership ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Illustrative Case Study

Abstract The Arctic Council is frequently called a unique forum but, as this article argues, clubs are common in international politics and in many respects the Arctic Council is a club. This article explores the questions: Why are the Arctic states acting like a club in Arctic politics, and how do internal hierarchies influence how clubs make decisions? As the article illustrates, clubs are the stage for club diplomacy and, in club diplomacy, hierarchies play an important role. Using the Arctic Council as an illustrative case study, this article argues that clubs have internal hierarchies that inform their decision-making processes and their responses to challenges to their status. When clubs try to deal with subjects that extend beyond the boundaries of the sovereignty of club members and the parameters of club membership, club members may suffer from a lack of status and legitimacy to unilaterally deal with the subject.

How Groupware Systems Can Change How an Organisation Makes Decisions

2011 ◽  
pp. 426-433
Author(s):  
Frédéric Adam ◽  
Jean-Charles Pomerol ◽  
Patrick Brézillon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Impact

In this article, a newspaper company which has implemented a computerised editorial system is studied in an attempt to understand the impact that groupware systems can have on the decision making processes of an organisation. First, the case study protocol is presented, and the findings of the case are described in detail. Conclusions are then presented which pertain both to this case and to the implementation of decision support systems that have a groupware dimension.

Business Intelligence System Design and its Consequences for Knowledge Sharing, Collaboration, and Decision-Making

2020 ◽  
pp. 382-402
Author(s):  
Lapo Mola ◽  
Cecilia Rossignoli ◽  
Andrea Carugati ◽  
Antonio Giangreco
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Intelligence System ◽  
Business Intelligence Systems ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Decision Making Processes

This exploratory study analyses the effects of the technical and organisational characteristics of business intelligence systems (BIS) on knowledge sharing, collaboration, and decision-making processes. The authors conducted a two-phase multi-method investigation. First, we surveyed 30 enterprises using BIS on a regular basis; then, we engaged in an in-depth case study with one of the respondent companies. Our results show that, on average, the technical and organisational characteristics of the BIS are positively associated with an increase in knowledge sharing, leading to an improvement in internal collaboration that subsequently brings improvement in the quality of decision-making. This case study adds that the way the BIS is designed and appropriated in organisations is important in obtaining such results is. A BIS being designed so that it can be appropriated by the general employee base is key in obtaining the desired organizational impacts. This suggests some requirements for BIS design that we will discuss in terms of theoretical and managerial implications.

scholarly journals Decision trees in environmental justice research — a case study on the floods of 2001 and 2010 in Hungary

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1025-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyula Nagy ◽  
György Vida ◽  
Lajos Boros ◽  
Danijela Ćirić
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Decision Tree Method ◽  
Tree Method

Abstract Environmental justice is a normative framework for the analysis of environmental impacts on the wellbeing of individuals and social groups. According to the framework, the deprived social groups and ethnic minorities are often more exposed to environmental risks and hazards due to their disadvantaged situation, and due to the lack of representation and political power. To manage the impacts of injustices and to include the citizen in the decision-making processes, proper information is needed on local attitudes and decision-making processes. Therefore, this study sought to (i) identify the main factors shaping the attitudes towards environmental injustices and (ii) to analyse the attitudes and perception of the various social groups and (iii) to identify the main factors which are shaping the attitudes and actions of those who were affected by the floods of 2001 and 2010 through the use of decision tree method. The data for the predictive model was acquired from a questionnaire survey conducted in two disadvantaged and flood-hit Hungarian regions. Based on the survey data, a principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted, which resulted in three principal components; fear, social change, and change in the built environment. The study focused only on the elements of the “fear principal component”, due to the decision tree tool homogenous groups identified in relation to this component. Our analysis showed that ethnicity has a determinative role in the emergence and the level of fear from floods; the Roma respondents expressed a significantly higher level of fear than others.

Why do information system controls fail to prevent unethical behavior?

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-266
Author(s):  
Karma Sherif ◽  
Richard Pitre ◽  
Mariatu Kamara
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information System ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
Enterprise Systems ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tone At The Top ◽  
Unethical Decision Making

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the ability of enterprise systems and embedded controls to prevent unethical behavior within organizations. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a case study to explore how the configuration of information technology (IT) controls within enterprise systems and their effectiveness in preventing unethical behavior is compromised by the tone at the top. Findings The study highlights the decisive role of cultural values and leadership in moderating the relationship between IT controls and unethical behavior and the realization that ethical environments are socially constructed not enforced. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this research is that the authors conducted one case study in an institution of higher education to refute the theory that IT controls embedded within enterprise systems can prevent unethical, and thus, the results may not be generalizable to other industries. Practical implications An important implication of the research is that the configuration of information system controls is affected by the organizational culture and the ethical values embraced by top management. When the tone at the top does not emphasize the ethical code of conduct, the configuration of IT controls will be compromised leaving organizations vulnerable at all levels. Originality/value Although the authors have a wealth of knowledge on ethics and theories that explain why unethical decision-making continue to surface to the headlines, they have little explanation as to why enterprise systems fail to stop unethical behavior in organizations. This study explores technical, organizational and individual factors that contribute to unethical decision-making.

scholarly journals MEDIA LITERACY AND DIGITAL DIVIDE: A CROSS-CULTURAL CASE STUDY OF SWEDEN AND LITHUANIA / MEDIJŲ RAŠTINGUMAS IR SKAITMENINĖ ATSKIRTIS: ŠVEDIJOS IR LIETUVOS TARPKULTŪRINIO

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilmantė Liubinienė ◽  
Daniel Persson Thunqvist
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
The Media

A case study of Sweden and Lithuania aims at analysing the important question of inclusion and exclusion when it comes to the media literacy and the digital divide. Analysis of country-level factors, such as social-stratification, technological infrastructure, educational system, cultural values is provided with the goal to identify the keen factors widening the digital divide of certain population groups in both countries. The study has revealed that in regard to media literacy, age matters the most in case of Lithuania. On the contrary, in Sweden the digital divide between different age groups is diminishing but the media literacy of socio-economically marginalized groups (immigrants in particular) is much lower as compared to the general trends in population. The digital generation – children and teenagers – have got much more in common in both countries as opposed to the senior adult populations. Santrauka Švedijos ir Lietuvos tarpkultūrinio atvejo tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti visuo- menės medijų raštingumo lygmenį atskirose socialinėse grupėse. Siekdami atskleisti pagrindinius veiksnius, lemiančius gyventojų grupių skaitmeninę at- skirtį, atsižvelgėme į socialinės stratifikacijos ypatumus, technologijų infras- truktūros, švietimo sistemos ir kultūrinių vertybių prioritetų skirtumus abiejose šalyse. Atliktas tyrimas atskleidė, kad Lietuvoje amžius yra pagrindinis veiks- nys, lemiantis medijų raštingumo lygmenį. Tačiau Švedijoje medijų raštingu- mo gebėjimai įvairiose amžiaus grupėse vienodėja, nors į skaitmeninę atskirtį patenka imigrantų grupės, daugiausia dėl socialinių ir ekonominių priežasčių. Skaitmeninė karta – vaikai ir paaugliai – abiejose šalyse turi panašius skaitme- ninius gebėjimus, todėl skaitmeninė atskirtis aktualesnė vyresniojo amžiaus gyventojų grupėse. Reikšminiai žodžiai: skaitmeninė kultūra, skaitmeninė atskirtis, skaitmeninė karta, medijų raštingumas, tinklaveikos visuomenė, socialinė stratifikacija.

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