scholarly journals Egalitatea de gen. Politici publice sau un câmp de luptă discursiv și politico-religios?

Transilvania ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Oana Băluță
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Acquis Communautaire

Romania’s pre- and post-accession to the European Union revealed that gender equality had been considered a marginal domain of interest, with mandatory legislative and institutional changes that had to be put into practice given the acquis communautaire. The financial and economic crisis was an important setback, it deterred Romania from a progressive democratic road, and opened avenues for democratic backsliding. Important challenges were brought by the financial and economic crisis and later on by conservative political and civil society’s forces mobilizing against gender equality. During the last couple of years, we have also witnessed an intensification of mobilization against gender equality called anti-gender campaigns. The article is both descriptive and reflexive and analyzes the configuration of the anti-gender campaigns in Romania, identifies the themes that mobilized discourses and activities combating the so called `gender ideology` and identifies the main actors supporting these campaigns. The article highlights that the opposition against gender equality is not restricted to discourse or civic mobilization but has already entered the field of political representation.

scholarly journals Igualdad de género y Educación Superior: Retos por alcanzar en la Unión Europea

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
María Matarranz ◽  
Eva Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
First Century ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Supranational Level

In the late 19th century, the first movements in the pursuit of women legal rights were born in Europe, mainly claiming women’s rights to work, to vote and to get access to education. The gradual acquisition and generalization of these rights during the twentieth century re-focused the initiatives of gender equality towards new fields, including economics and political representation. During the twenty-first century, despite social progress and thanks to them, the actual level of gender equality in Europe continues to pose a major focus of interest, as demonstrated by the work program of the European Commission for the period 2010-2015 on gender equality. This interest comprises the area of education at a national, international and supranational level, showing a clear development of education policies on equality. Since education is the greatest driver of social change, this trend can be seen as the best representation of the defense of equality between women and men. Thus, it seems appropriate to analyze the education policies on gender equality that have penetrated from international scenarios to supranational and national spaces, such as the European Union and its member countries. After reviewing the policies on gender equality published in the last decades, we use the comparative methodology to study the five least populated states of the European Union: Estonia, Slovenia, Malta, Luxembourg and Cyprus.

scholarly journals The Fragmented Inclusion of Gender Equality in AU-EU Relations in Times of Crises

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-459
Author(s):  
Anna van der Vleuten ◽  
Anouka van Eerdewijk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
African Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Regional Organizations ◽  
Market Making ◽  
Power Asymmetries ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Interregional Cooperation

Facing internal and external crises, the European Union and the African Union have revitalized their interregional cooperation. This article theorizes interregional norm dynamics and explores how, in times of crises, gender equality norms are shaped in interregional relations between the African Union and the European Union. The question is all the more relevant because gender equality is shaped very differently in the European Union and the African Union policies. The African Union has adopted a rather holistic understanding of gender equality, while the European Union approach is constrained by a market-making logic. Also, since the 2008 economic crisis, gender equality policies within the European Union seem to stagnate while they seem to expand in the African Union. Our analysis of core texts shows that at interregional level attention to gender equality is fragmented. Even though in some respects the African Union gender equality norms are more encompassing, and gendered effects of crises in the European Union would merit renewed attention to gender equality, the European Union norms and interests dominate the agenda. Showing how power asymmetries between and disjointed logics of regional organizations impact interregional gender equality norms, the article contributes to the scarce literature on interregional norm dynamics.

scholarly journals Déficit parlamentario y representación política en la Unión Europea = Parlamentary deficit and political representation in the European Union

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Alfredo Allué Buiza
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Elections ◽  
Current Process ◽  
Democratic Principle ◽  
Made In

El actual proceso de integración con la crisis económica está creando espacios tecnocráticos. La idea de constitucionalismo multinivel se quiebra. La aparición de órganos no mayoritarios en el seno de la Unión, incide en un mayor déficit. Sin embargo, en el 2014, con las elecciones europeas, la Unión ha de expresar su potencial democrático con la participación de los ciudadanos en la construcción europea. Por ello, analizamos los diferentes problemas del déficit parlamentario en la Unión Europea y las aportaciones que desde las propias instituciones se hacen a favor del principio democrático.The current process of integration with the economic crisis is creating technocratic spaces. The multilevel constitutionalism idea breaks. The emergence of no majority bodies within the Union, affects a larger deficit. However, in 2014, with the European elections, the Union must express its democratic potential with citizen participation in European integration. Therefore, we analyzed the different problems of parliamentary deficit in the European Union and the contributions that are made in favour of the democratic principle from the institutions.

Preventive Debt Restructuring and the Nigerian Draft Insolvency Legislation: Lessons from a Comparative Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-84
Author(s):  
Sanford U. Mba
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Debt Restructuring ◽  
The Us ◽  
Financially Distressed ◽  
Bankruptcy Code ◽  
Second Chance

Recently, the Nigerian Senate passed the Bankruptcy and Insolvency (Repeal and Re-enactment) Bill. This is no doubt a welcome development following the continued demand by insolvency practitioners, academics and other stakeholders for such legislation. The call has not only been for the enactment of just about any legislation, but (consistent with the economic challenges faced by businesses in the country), one that is favourably disposed to the successful restructuring of financially distressed businesses, allowing them to weather the storm of (impending) insolvency, emerge from it and continue to operate within the economy. This article seeks to situate this draft legislative instrument within the present wave of preventive restructuring ably espoused in the European Union Recommendation on New Approaches to Business Rescue and to Give Entrepreneurs a Second Chance (2014), which itself draws largely from Chapter 11 of the US Bankruptcy Code. The article draws a parallel between the economic crisis that gave rise to the preventive restructuring approach of the Recommendation and the present economic situation in Nigeria; it then examines the chances of such restructuring under the Nigerian draft bankruptcy and insolvency legislation. It argues in the final analysis that the draft legislation does not provide for a prophylactic recourse regime for financially distressed businesses. Consequently, a case is made for such an approach.

Instrumenty polityki równości płci w kontekście sytuacji w Polsce

2016 ◽  
pp. 88-109
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Domagała
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Nations

The article undertakes the issue of gender equality policies in the context of its indicators. The main purpose of the paper is to identify the areas of gender inequality, its scale and determinants. Firstly, the article presents the legislation of gender equality policies – its main objectives. Next, the paper discusses indicators that were implemented by organisations such as the Organisation of the United Nations and the European Union. These selected indicators are presented, taking into account the situation in Poland. In conclusion, the paper highlights the main obstacles to the pursuit of equal opportunities for women and men in Poland.

scholarly journals The Effect of Remittances on Poverty in the Emerging Countries of the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca Mehedintu ◽  
Georgeta Soava ◽  
Mihaela Sterpu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Poverty Threshold

In this paper we study the evolution of remittances and risk of poverty threshold for nine emerging countries in the European Union and analyzed the evolution and trend of the share of remittances in the risk of poverty threshold. The analysis was performed on data taken from the Eurostat database for the period 2005–2017. The statistical analysis of the data showed that the evolution of both remittances and risk of poverty threshold was heavily influenced by the global economic crisis. Although after the crisis, the risk of poverty threshold has seen a growing trend in all emerging countries, the remittances have experienced sinuous variations, dramatic declines for some of the countries (drastically for Romania and Latvia) and significant increases for others (Hungary). The results of the analysis using time-dependent regression models lead to the conclusion that, although the share of remittances in risk of poverty threshold diminished abruptly after the 2009 economic crisis, in the short term it is expected to maintain a growth trend for most of the analyzed countries (Bulgaria, Czechia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and Slovakia), followed downward tendency after 2018 for Bulgaria and Romania, and after 2020 for Hungary and Lithuania. For Latvia and Estonia, both quadratic and cubic models estimate a decreasing evolution.

Money Matters: Dissecting the Relationship Between Gender Equality and Female Homicide Victimization Rates in the European Union

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet P. Stamatel
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Violent Victimization ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Homicide Victimization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Victimization Rates

This study utilized a fairly new measure of gender equality from the European Union to dissect the relationship between gender-specific homicide victimization rates and different forms of gender equality across a sample of European countries. Results showed support for a curvilinear relationship between financial equality and female and male homicide victimization, providing support for amelioration and backlash theories, but no support for absolute economic marginalization. While there were some similarities between the female and male models, there were enough differences to warrant further investigations of gendered theories of violent victimization.

scholarly journals The Rise of Right-Wing Extremism in European Union

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
Ljupcho Stevkovski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Young People ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Balkan Countries ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Wing Extremism

It is a fact that in the European Union there is a strengthening of right-wing extremism, radical right movement, populism and nationalism. The consequences of the economic crisis, such as a decline in living standards, losing of jobs, rising unemployment especially among young people, undoubtedly goes in favor of strengthening the right-wing extremism. In the research, forms of manifestation will be covered of this dangerous phenomenon and response of the institutions. Western Balkan countries, as a result of right-wing extremism, are especially sensitive region on possible consequences that might occur, since there are several unresolved political problems, which can very easily turn into a new cycle of conflicts, if European integration processes get delayed indefinitely.

Greek National Identity and the Greek Education System in the Age of Austerity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Maria Chalari ◽  
Thomas Georgas
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Education System ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Current Climate

This paper critically reviews discourses of Greek national identity and the role of the Greek education system first in a historical perspective and then in the current climate of economic crisis in Greece. It also discusses the reason why teachers and schools are key to tackling growing discriminatory social attitudes. The preceding nationalistic discourse and the historical forms of nationhood and education in Greece might help us unravel the difficulties Greek national identity faces in the current era of economic and humanitarian crisis and uncertainty with regard to the European Union project, its evolution, its struggles, the nature of its challenges and tensions, and the empowerment of its ethnocentric and racist sentiment.

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