The Pressure of Eurochronology and the Romanian Rural Prose

Transilvania ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Alex Goldiș
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Modernist Literature ◽  
Frederic Jameson

The paper looks at the Romanian relationship between modernism and rural imagination in the Romanian 20th century debates. As in other cases of semi-peripheral or emergent literatures (the general framework builds on contributions from Frederic Jameson, Pascale Casanova and Wai Chee Dimock), the hegemonical pressure of the Eurochronology has put an embargo on rural prose, excluding it from the projects of modernist literature. The study asserts that far from being a collateral symptom of modernity, rural imaginary is essential for understanding its contradictory mechanisms.

Development and destruction of the liberal prison system in Spain: a general framework for studying the topic

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 424
Author(s):  
Luis Gargallo Vaamonde
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Prison System ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Social Harmony ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual

During the Restoration and the Second Republic, up until the outbreak of the Civil War, the prison system that was developed in Spain had a markedly liberal character. This system had begun to acquire robustness and institutional credibility from the first dec- ade of the 20th Century onwards, reaching a peak in the early years of the government of the Second Republic. This process resulted in the establishment of a penitentiary sys- tem based on the widespread and predominant values of liberalism. That liberal belief system espoused the defence of social harmony, property and the individual, and penal practices were constructed on the basis of those principles. Subsequently, the Civil War and the accompanying militarist culture altered the prison system, transforming it into an instrument at the service of the conflict, thereby wiping out the liberal agenda that had been nurtured since the mid-19th Century.

scholarly journals The Pauli–Jung Conjecture and Its Relatives: A Formally Augmented Outline

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 527-549
Author(s):  
Harald Atmanspacher
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Verbal Description ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Background Material ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Cross Fertilization

AbstractThe dual-aspect monist conjecture launched by Pauli and Jung in the mid-20th century will be couched in somewhat formal terms to characterize it more concisely than by verbal description alone. After some background material situating the Pauli–Jung conjecture among other conceptual approaches to the mind–matter problem, the main body of this paper outlines its general framework of a basic psychophysically neutral reality with its derivative mental and physical aspects and the nature of the correlations that connect these aspects. Some related approaches are discussed to identify key similarities to and deviations from the Pauli–Jung framework that may be useful for cross-fertilization.

scholarly journals Witalizm kobiecy. Mapa problemów, sieć tradycji

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-39
Author(s):  
Anna Legeżyńska
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Modernist Literature ◽  
Late Modernity

Vitalism is a vague and ambiguous philosophical notion which researchers try to apply to describe modernist literature, especially from the period of the Young Poland. The author of the article suggests that vitalism should be approached as an interpretive category. She examines whether it is possible to distinguish feminine vitalism and conducts an analysis of selected types of literature (H. Poświatowska, A. Świrszczyńska, W. Szymborska, A. Szymańska, U. Kozioł, M. B. Kielar). The analysis shows that modernist feminine vitalism in the poetry of the second half of the 20th century encompasses various types of affirmations: of nature, corporeality and existence. In late modernity it transforms into post-vitalism, which signifies new understanding of life and the reduction of the anthropocentric perspective, both determined by new discoveries of science.

Looking-glass game or the semiotics of otherness in Andalucía contra Berbería by Emilio García Gómez

Babel ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-398
Author(s):  
Anna Gil-Bardají
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Text Context ◽  
Looking Glass

Abstract This article analyses the semiotic construction of the Other in the peritexts of three Medieval Arabic chronicles from al-Andalus (the Arabic name for the Iberian Peninsula governed by Muslims from 711 to 1492), published under the title Andalucía contra Berbería by the outstanding Spanish Arabist Emilio García Gómez. Few studies have dealt, from a critical perspective, with the discourse (or discourses) concerning Arabic cultures and societies constructed by European academic Orientalism in general, or by the Spanish Arabism in particular. Assuming that translation, given its hybrid nature, plays a crucial role in the construction of othering discourses, this article attempts to analyse the identification and othering strategies used by García Gómez on the basis of a methodological approach that combines Genette’s notion of paratext (1987), the notions of text, context and pretext proposed by Widdowson (2004 and 2007) and the “Model of semiotic construction of the Other” developed by Carbonell (2003 and 2004), all within the general framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The results of this analysis show a significant othering of Berber and/or African references. This is further reinforced by García Gómez’ identification with al-Andalus, which pivots between his own identification with the medieval authors of the three chronicles, and the parallels he establishes between medieval al-Andalus and the Spain of the first half of the 20th century.

Heroischer Fatalismus

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-338
Author(s):  
Nicolas Detering
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
German Literature ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Modernist Literature

The article re-evaluates the notion of heroic agency by arguing that many instances of heroism in early 20th century German literature rely not on great deeds, but on images of fatalist persistence. After a discussion of the conceptual elements and traditions of heroic persistence, the essay surveys variants of its semanticization between Nietzsche’s amor fati and German exile narrations of the 1940s. The perusal shows that ›heroic attentism‹ in modernist literature is less dependent on the respective political affiliations of the authors, but rather on the concept’s ability to adapt to discursive trends and remain applicable to different historical experiences.

Money and modernism: The rise of a theme in early 20th-century Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-607
Author(s):  
Mimmo Cangiano
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Modernist Literature ◽  
Objective Truth ◽  
Carlo Michelstaedter

The primary purpose of this article is to examine how the theme of money developed in the work of the key early 20th-century Italian modernist writers Giovanni Papini, Aldo Palazzeschi, Giovanni Boine, and Carlo Michelstaedter. It also studies the connection between the theme of money and two central concepts in modernist literature: the crisis in the concept of objectivity, and the interpretation of reality as a continuous flow that rejects every possible conceptualization. I argue that money was a metaphor for the crisis of objective truth, a symbol for an existence that had lost all perspective from which to judge and order reality.

scholarly journals Genesis of the Archetype of the Trickster in Russian Literature

ICONI ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Svetlana P. Shlykova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Modernist Literature ◽  
World Culture ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Folk Tradition

The article is devoted to demonstrating the genesis of the archetype of the trickster in Russian literature. The antihero, the sources of whose anti-behavior are traced in harlequinade and skmorokh buffoonery, is examined on the material of folklore and literary works from the 18th to the early 20th century. Anti-behavior in Russian culture symbolizes a rebellion unrefl exed in the folk environment against the norms of behavior and orderliness of life imposed by those in power. The archetype of the trickster, which has longtime traditions in world culture, was personifi ed in Russia as the skomorokh, then the jester Farnos, who in many ways adopted the skomorokh traditions. Among the populace Petrukha Fornos became one of the favorite comic jester heroes, having acquired special popularity as the result of crude color woodcuts from the 18th century. In the 19th century the image of Farnos was transformed into Petrushka, a puppet character of the theatricalized genre. With his assistance the simplistic satirical subjects lay at the foundation of the so-called Petrushka theater which, despite the unaltered plot, bore an improvisational-play character, pertaining to a number of “baculine” comedies, in the 19th century the image of Petrushka was so popular, that it surpassed the oral folk tradition and found its place in literary compositions. In the early 20th century the image of Petrushka the trickster became the source for numerous interpretations in modernist literature.

scholarly journals Vzťah náboženstva a umenia v literatúre svetovej a slovenskej moderny

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Mária Bátorová
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Literary Modernism ◽  
Modernist Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Alternative Culture ◽  
Religion And Art

The study analyzes the relation between religion and art in the world, and in Slovak modernist literature. It also examines religion and art from the point of view of its scholarly reception in the context of European literature. It builds on the division of artists of religious orientation based on Bernhard Rang’s two types:a) Claudelian and b) Green-ian. A part of the study provides new insights into Slovak literary modernism. Despite the expectation that modernism would exclude Christian works of literature, the opposite happened:modernism tested Christian works of art and emphasized their ability to capture the subtle aspects of human existence. In this way, a weakness of modernism was exposed: its degenerative function when it focuses only on material aspects. A historical overview has shown that Slovak intellectuals were used to living in an alternative cultural environment and nurturing an alternative culture. This experience proved useful to them in the 20th century, particularly after 1945. During communist rule, the underground church played a major role in Poland and in Slovakia. In Slovakia, Catholic dissidents were of great importance to the developments that led to theVelvet Revolution in November 1989.

scholarly journals Nostalgia as a contemporary cultural phenomenon

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Ana Petrov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Emotional Connection ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Frederic Jameson ◽  
The Times

In this article, I point to the most relevant characteristics of the discourses on nostalgia in the 20th and 21st centuries. The focus of the analysis is on the transformation of the concept of nostalgia from a mental and emotional state to a product in contemporary consumerist society. The text entails two crucial issues: nostalgia in the context of postmodernism and nostalgia in the context of consumerism. The expansion of the concept brought to an interpretation according to which nostalgia discourse in the postmodern age reproduces itself without necessary reference to a specific past, thus becoming a certain ahistorical autonomous style, which, as such, can be available for consumption independently from any emotional connection with the times and places on which the style alludes. This kind of nostalgia is labeled as ?nostalgia mode? by Frederic Jameson. The aim of the article is to point to the basic theoretical approaches to the process of commodification of the concept of nostalgia in the contemporary society. Even though there are copious typologies of nostalgia, since the end of the 20th century dealing with this phenomenon is mostly imbued in the context of consumerism. Hence, contemporary nostalgia is sometimes also seen as both consumed and consuming nostalgia.

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