scholarly journals Vzťah náboženstva a umenia v literatúre svetovej a slovenskej moderny

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Mária Bátorová
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Literary Modernism ◽  
Modernist Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Alternative Culture ◽  
Religion And Art

The study analyzes the relation between religion and art in the world, and in Slovak modernist literature. It also examines religion and art from the point of view of its scholarly reception in the context of European literature. It builds on the division of artists of religious orientation based on Bernhard Rang’s two types:a) Claudelian and b) Green-ian. A part of the study provides new insights into Slovak literary modernism. Despite the expectation that modernism would exclude Christian works of literature, the opposite happened:modernism tested Christian works of art and emphasized their ability to capture the subtle aspects of human existence. In this way, a weakness of modernism was exposed: its degenerative function when it focuses only on material aspects. A historical overview has shown that Slovak intellectuals were used to living in an alternative cultural environment and nurturing an alternative culture. This experience proved useful to them in the 20th century, particularly after 1945. During communist rule, the underground church played a major role in Poland and in Slovakia. In Slovakia, Catholic dissidents were of great importance to the developments that led to theVelvet Revolution in November 1989.

scholarly journals Aesthetic and Methodologic Resources of Ezra Pound’s Poetry

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (-) ◽  
pp. 88-103
Author(s):  
Gabriel C. Gherasim
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary Modernism ◽  
The Cantos

Abstract The study of The Cantos, one of the most complex and difficult works belonging to literary modernism makes possible, precisely due to this observation, the exploration of a series of characteristics and dimensions of Pound’s work that have either remained in a programmatic stage or should be revisited more closely in order for their meanings to be discerned. ‘Analyticity’ and ‘scientism’ can be considered relevant characteristics of Pound’s work, with both aesthetic and methodologic meanings. The present study aims at investigating these two dimensions of Pound’s poetry as they appear in the second and the fourth decades of the 20th century. In conclusion the question is whether Pound’s analyticity and scientism could still be considered valuable from an aesthetic or methodologic point of view.

scholarly journals Szerb hadifoglyok Bihar vármegyében, 1914–1920

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-41
Author(s):  
Oszkár Gorcsa
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Treatment ◽  
World War ◽  
The People ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The World ◽  
The Great War

The World War can be justifiably called the great seminal catastrophe of the 20th century, because the war that should have ended every further war, just disseminated the seeds of another cataclysm. From this point of view it is comprehensible why lots of historians deal with the named period. Numerous monographies and articles that deal with the destructing and stimulating eff ect of the Great War have seen the light of day. However, the mentioned works usually have serious defi cenceis, as most of them deal only with the battlefi elds, and a small proportion deals with the question of everyday life and hinterland, and the ordeals of the POWs are superfi cially described. In case of Hungary, the more serious researches related to POWs only started at the time of the centenary. This is why we can still read in some Serbian literatures about the people annihilating endeavors of the „huns” of Austria–Hungary. My choice of subject was therefore justified by the reasons outlined above. In my presentation I expound on briefly introducing the situations in the austro–hungarian POW camps. Furthermore, the presentation depicts in detail the everyday life, the medical and general treatment, clothing supply, the question of the minimal wages and working time of the prisoner labour forces. Lastly, I am depicting the problem of escapes and issues dealing POWs marriage and citizenship requests.

Effect of Reflexology on EEG – A Nonlinear Approach

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (04) ◽  
pp. 641-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kannathal ◽  
Joseph K. Paul ◽  
C.M. Lim ◽  
K.P. Chua ◽  
P.K. Sadasivan
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Western World ◽  
Ancient India ◽  
Nonlinear Approach ◽  
Scientific Research Work ◽  
The World ◽  
In The Beginning

Reflexology is a 4000-year-old art of healing practiced in ancient India, China and Egypt. In the beginning of the 20th century, it spread to the Western world. Reflexologic clinics and massage centers can be found all around the world. In spite of the widespread popularity, to the best of our knowledge, no serious research work has been done in this area, although much scientific research work has been carried out in other Eastern techniques like meditation and yoga. This is why a humble attempt is done in this work to quantitatively assess the effect of reflexological stimulation from a systems point of view. In this work, nonlinear techniques have been used to assess the complexity of EEG with and without reflexological stimulation. We prefer the nonlinear approach, as we believe that the effects are taking place in a subtle way, since there is no direct correlation between reflexological points and modern neuroanatomy.

«POLITICAL COMPRADOR» AS A PHENOMENON IN THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
Colonial Order ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Global Agenda ◽  
Historical Past

The main factors of the comprador phenomenon as an actor of globalization are analyzed. The global liberal democracy that took shape during the second half of the 20th century is now being transformed. New actors are entering on the geopolitical space. Geopolitical order in the first decades of the XX s. faces the challenges of both the past century and the new. The issues of the new agenda and factors of new challenges are highlighted; shows the prospects for overcoming geopolitical turbulence. Attention is focused on the intensification of the challenges of the 20th century. along with the emergence of new ones in the second decade of the twenty-first century. Among these challenges - the Covid-19 pandemic and, accordingly, the global quarantine, which led to an increase in social tension in societies of different regions of the world, put on question the ability of state structures to ensure national security and the health of their citizens, which in general can have unexpected consequences, both for individual regions and countries, and the world as a whole. Due to the closure of state borders, the curtailment of transport links between continents and countries, between the internal national regions, a situation that is atypical for a globalized world has been created, which is familiar to us from the historical past, namely, the recreation of the world of fragmented feudalism, where other mechanisms of social and political interaction operate. It is indicated that from the point of view of the world-systems analysis, a small number of them belong to the capitalist center, that is, to the core, where the global agenda and the methods of protecting national security are formed. But the overwhelming majority of countries and states are in the periphery and semi-periphery groups. The phenomenon, which was the result of the colonial policy of nascent capitalism, persists to this day, but in other forms, retaining its functions. At the same time, the need to support the neo-colonial order remains, and therefore there is still a political interest in the formation of such groups in the third world (periphery) countries.

scholarly journals The question of proving God’s existence

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-616
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Katasonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Existence Of God ◽  
Phenomenological Philosophy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church

The article deals with the approach to the question of proving the existence of God from the point of view of the concept of personality. Human existence is not limited to the concept of nature: individuality is not equal to personality. Attempts to reduce consciousness to brain function remain a hypothesis. The anthropological problem of man cannot be solved only within the framework of natural science. The phenomenological philosophy of the 20th century found a new way within the framework of philosophical anthropology, the key concept of which is the concept of personality. Man is constantly striving to transcend his nature in his life. The historical existence of the individual is realized through the transformation of the world in accordance with value attitudes. The very existence of religions is an answer to an individual’s query about the meaning of the fundamental facts of life: birth, death, and the existence of evil. Personality, personal being, is both a fact and a task for man: everything that exists must be personified. The dialogical aspect of being a person is considered. The personal existence of man also requires a personal God. The revelation of the personal God is a response to the human thirst for supernatural communication. The church acts as a unity of personalities in the super personality of God, transcending the boundary of earthly life. The very existence of the Christian Church is a personalistic analog of the proof of the existence of God.

scholarly journals Functional literacy in the educational system

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Moldir Orazali ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Functional Literacy ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
The World ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
And Training

The article explains the concepts of literacy and functional literacy. The concept of "literacy" is widely studied, its meaning is revealed. To explain the contemporary meaning of literacy, it is necessary to look at historical changes in the concept of literacy. However, it focuses not on the process of changing the concept of literacy, but on the modern meaning of literacy, based on the concept of literacy presented in various materials. The importance of functional literacy in the modern education system is explained. The article highlights the specifics of education and training on the formation of functional literacy. Functional literacy is a measure of a person's ability to interact with the external environment and the level of the ability to adapt and communicate with this environment as quickly as possible. Thus, functional literacy consists of a set of knowledge, skills and abilities that are considered necessary for a person to live in a particular cultural environment and ensure his social interaction. And in a broad sense, this is not just a way to get into the world of 4 skills and knowledge, it is an indicator of the cultural and social development of a nation, country or group of people. From the point of view of such a qualitative nature, functional literacy is used as a mechanism for personal development.

Pāvela Florenska simbolisma laikmetīgums

2021 ◽  
pp. 146-157
Author(s):  
Gunta Plūksna
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Important Place ◽  
World Outlook ◽  
The World ◽  
Global World

The introduction outlines the problem: the views about the world outlook of the humankind changed radically from the verge of 19/20th century to the verge of the 20/21st century; the old paradigms must be changed to the new ones, but the relevant concepts are just developing. It expresses itself also in so called anthropological turn, when a person changes uncontrollably, rapidly and dangerously taking over the most important place in the global world system. Symbol is as a link between a word and an action, and it is an instrument for understanding the world, and a person plays an important role in it. The first section discusses the world outlook of Russian religious philosopher P. Florensky from the point of view of symbolism. It is based on the fundamentals of his world outlook: antinomy, life, the Unified. The second section is devoted to creativity in his life, which in an organic way links P. Florensky’s understanding about the world-outlook and life. The conclusions stress the contemporary aspects in P. Florensky’s symbolism expressed as: 1) spirituality; 2) aesthetics; 3) consubstantiality; 4) the dialogue with the Unified; 5) creativity in life. The research methods: hermeneutic and semiotic analysis of P. Florensky’s texts, critical analysis of the scientific literature.

Virginia Woolf in German: The Hogarth Press, the Insel Verlag, and Early Translations

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-76
Author(s):  
Daniel Göske
Keyword(s):  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Literary Modernism ◽  
Modernist Literature ◽  
Global Level ◽  
To The Lighthouse ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Publishing World ◽  
Cultural Boundaries ◽  
The World ◽  
Hogarth Press

As scholars have begun to explore the global reach of modernist literature, they have turned their attention towards understanding how texts move across and permeate linguistic and cultural boundaries. By exploring the networks, alliances, and interactions among those who facilitate the circulation and transmission of literature, scholars of modernist publishing are now able to offer a finer-grained analysis of where, how, and by whom those texts that we consider central to British literary modernism were first published elsewhere in the world. Marketing modernism on the international and, indeed, global level, in the 1920s and 1930s was a complex business, not least because of different structures in the publishing world of the Americas, Britain, and various European countries. My essay approaches this problem by focusing on the foreign reception of Virginia Woolf's work and, specifically, the contacts between the Hogarth Press and the Leipsic Insel Verlag. We need to understand how literary agents and translators negotiated issues of copyright and ownership and how they shaped her work in German. By drawing on archival material – particularly publishers' correspondence with translators and agents – I will cast new light on how Mrs Dalloway, To the Lighthouse and Orlando appeared in early German translations.

scholarly journals THE “24 PRELUDES” FOR THE PIANO BY IVAN KARABYTS AS AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF THE UKRAINIAN RENAISSANCE OF THE 1970S

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (58) ◽  
pp. 65-95
Author(s):  
Oleh Kopeliuk
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Piano Cycle ◽  
Cycle 24

Background. The research is devoted to revealing the semantic analysis of the dramaturgy of one of the large-scale compositions in the creative work of IvanKarabyts – the cycle “24 Preludes” for the piano. The composition was written by Ivan Karabyts in 1976 and today it is of great interest to concert performers and fans of modern piano music. The attention of pianists to the cycle “24 Preludes” by I. Karabyts is attracted, firstly, by the distinctive, original musical language, secondly – by a wide range of performing capabilities and means of expression, and thirdly – by vivid images that inspire pianists to reproduce artistic ideas, hidden philosophical implications. The object of research is the cycle “24 preludes” for the piano as a musical encyclopaedia, reflecting the artistic era in the context of the Ukrainian renaissance of tthe 1970s, and the aim is to identify stylistic patterns by means of the semantic analysis of the dramaturgy of the cycle, finding the intersection in a kind of dialogue with a diverse, significant fund of the music of the 20th century. The methodology of research is focused on the relationship of special methods of analysis: functional-structural, intonation, genre, style, semantic and interpretative one. Results. Ivan Karabyts chooses for his cycle a model of tonal dramaturgy of the cycle “24 Preludes”, introduced by F. Chopin and later by D. Shostakovich, namely – the movement along the circle of fifths in the ratio of major-minor. From the point of view of musical semantics of the preludes of the cycle they can be divided into 5 thematic groups (contemplative and introspective lyrics; grotesque and dance; sound imitation and spatial-visual; stylistic allusions; and tragedy ones), varied in genre-stylistic sense (according to the criteria of modelling the awareness of the lyrical hero (I – the world around me.) The dramaturgy of the cycle is built through their correlation, while forming a certain plot, which begins with the image of the lyrical hero, and ends with a demonstration of the society which is ambiguous and problematic for a human. The composer chooses the prelude as a genre with a historical memory of culture, which allows performers and listeners to experience the range of psychological moments of the human spirit in the turbulent world of events of the last third of the 20th century. The composer is fascinated by this genre not by chance, because the prelude allows reflecting in miniature numerous states of “fixed” moments of existence, the inner balance of the artist and the world. Each prelude in the cycle is a kind of creative laboratory, a field of creative experiments. It reflected both already developed and new methods and principles of the composer’s thinking. While performing one prelude after another as a whole composition, one realizes that this genre expresses the freedom of creativity, the element of existence: it is a fantasy, and a story of the heart, and the revelation of the spirit, and at the same time – bright genre sketches. Conclusions. The analysis of the musical semantics of I. Karabyts’s piano cycle “24 Preludes” testified to the presence of 5 genre-stylistic groups in the cycle (according to the criterion of the dual world notion “psychology I – the world around”). Thus, the genre-semantic analysis of the piano cycle “24 Preludes” has shown that I. Karabyts does not lose touch with history and time, by paying tribute to the masters of the 18th–20th centuries, continuing to develop the type of tonal dramaturgy, laid down by J. S. Bach. In the cycle there is a special “counterpoint” of the “blues” stylistic. The dramaturgy of the cycle has a detailed plot, which begins with the image of the lyrical hero, and ends with a demonstration of the society ambiguous and problematic for a human (“I – World”). The dramaturgy of the romantic dual world turns into a harmony of the modern world with multiple images, echoes of time and inner drama. The genre semantics and its analysis allow the performer to comprehend the large-scale cycle as an artistic picture of the world, and its stylistic unity – as a spiritual universe which belongs to the Ukrainian art of the 21st century.

scholarly journals The Types, Interpretations and Functions of Myth

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (27) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Michał Mazurkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Religious Experience ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Interesting Fact ◽  
Religious Background ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

In this article, the author analyses the phenomenon of myth—a significant element of culture—by presenting miscellaneous types of myths that have accompanied human beings from the dawn of time to the present, interpreting them from the point of view of (for example) philosophy or psychoanalysis, the functions of myths, and their ways of influencing human beings in the contemporary world. Myths are complex cultural phenomena, difficult to assess unambiguously. One of the main reasons is the fact that they are not only holy tales having some religious background; we can also talk about secular myths, for example in art or in sport. As far as our contemporary world—brazenly hi-tech and filled with the spirit of logos—is concerned, it is an interesting fact that myths do not surface but remain hidden, as it were; they are in many cases a subconscious way of seeing things. It depends on the individual whether he or she somehow notices those wisdoms existing somewhere under the mask of the world, industrialized and permeated by unemotional technology as it is. Without a shadow of a doubt, myths fulfil many important functions—they are a wonderful source of wisdom, teach people humility, and give hope and strength in difficult periods. Undoubtedly, they are not—as some people would probably prefer—mere relics of a distant past. The forms of myths may, however, evolve. Looking closely into this phenomenon, one can notice that myths may occur (in different realms of life) in somewhat changed, modernized forms. The author of this article has based his analysis on numerous works of a group of illustrious researchers who specialize in exploring the phenomenon of myth, e.g., among others: Bronisław Malinowski (a Polish anthropologist, one of the most important anthropologists of the 20th century), Mircea Eliade (a Romanian historian of religion, one of the leading interpreters of religious experience), and Sigmund Freud (an Austrian neurologist, founder of the discipline of psychoanalysis).

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