scholarly journals Characteristic performance of smart substation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Bhekinkosi Pheneas Madonsela
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power System ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Communication Protocols ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Substation Automation

Automated substations and distribution networks are key element of smart grid, however not all substations and distribution networks are automated to date due to the numerous reasons such as cost related to automation and scarcity of skilful workforce. With the drive to integrate renewable energy to the national smart grid, the advanced and innovative integrating methodologies need to be investigated. Automating the power system is the effort to improve power supply security, availability and reliability. Reliability is very important in substation automation systems and is achieved through real-time monitoring of the substation data. The interconnection of substation through substation automation devices is crucial because it provide the backup link to the network in case one substation fails. The utilities has developed a remarkable interest in substation automation due to the benefit its offers such as; reduction in maintenance and, operating cost and improved revenues due to stable power system networks. Substation automation is made up of four main functions that need to be fused together; protection, control, monitoring and, local and remote communications. There are numerous communication protocols available in the market for substation automation applications. However not all of them are utilized in the current application of smart grid.DNP3 and IEC61850 are the leading communication protocols currently. DNP3 has proved its technical advantages over the past few years in substation automation applications. On other hand IEC61850 was only published in 2003 and became more popular in substation around 2006; the standard is only fifteen years old. IEC61850 define the protocols such as; GOOSE, SMV, GSSE, GSE and MMS using its communication profiles. This research will investigate the possibilities of integrating DNP3 data point into IEC61850 data model. With this approach; the legacy substation shown in figure 1.1 will inherit the advantages of IEC61850 such as high speed data exchange, interoperability and interchangeability

scholarly journals Securing Publisher–Subscriber Smart Grid Infrastructure

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 2355
Author(s):  
Fraser Orr ◽  
Muhammad Nouman Nafees ◽  
Neetesh Saxena ◽  
Bong Jun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Multicast Communication ◽  
Authentication Mechanism ◽  
Communication Paradigm ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Substation Automation ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Smart Grid System ◽  
Intelligent Electronic Devices

The security of communication protocols in the smart grid system is a crucial concern. An adversary can exploit the lack of confidentiality and authentication mechanism to cause damaging consequences. In the substation automation systems that rely on multicast communication between various intelligent electronic devices, the lack of security features in the standard IEC61850 and IEC62351 can invite attackers to manipulate the integrity of the employed publisher–subscriber communication paradigm to their advantage. Consequently, many researchers have introduced various approaches offering authenticity and confidentiality. However, such schemes and methods for the aforesaid standards have computational limitations in compliance with the stringent timing requirements of specific applications in the smart grid. In this paper, we propose an approach that can fully secure the publisher–subscriber communication against confidentiality attacks. In this direction, we develop a demo tool to validate the performance of our proposed security approach for potential factors such as timing requirements and the size of the messages. Finally, we evaluate our scheme considering the requirements of the GOOSE, SMV, and MMS protocols in the substation automation systems.

scholarly journals Self-Healing Besides Restoration Methods in Smart Grid Distribution Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1123-1128
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power System ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Grid Technology ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Smart Grid Communications ◽  
Power Restoration ◽  
Smart Grid Technology

The Smart grid refers to a next-generation power grid which is a two-way information flow where electricity and information switch over between the service and its customer’s. The power system becomes smart by applying intelligence by way of multidirectional flow of electricity and information to create an extensive distribution network through smart grid technology. It made smarter power system by developing a networking communication, controls, automation, new technologies and tools working together to make the great efficient and more secure environment. For an effective integration and quality of the service to the consumer's smart grid technology is needed due to working with the electrical distribution system and quickly to respond digitally for rapidly changing electric demand. At this point, an electricity disruption such as a blackout can affect a series of failures that can affect several areas such as banking, traffic, and security. To address the power restoration, smart grid makes use of self-healing strategy which will allow automatic switching when equipment failure or outages occur. There have been numerous studies in the last decade or so in to even out the fundamental and mathematical challenges of making a smart self-healing grid a reality. In this paper, we explore the Selfhealing approach for Smart grid Communications likewise discusses the service restoration methods in Distribution Networks of Smart Grid Environment

scholarly journals Smart Management Consumption in Renewable Energy Fed Ecosystems

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 2967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Ferrández-Pastor ◽  
Juan Manuel García-Chamizo ◽  
Sergio Gomez-Trillo ◽  
Rafael Valdivieso-Sarabia ◽  
Mario Nieto-Hidalgo
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Communication Protocols ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Embedded Devices ◽  
Smart Services ◽  
Automation Systems

Advances in embedded electronic systems, the development of new communication protocols, and the application of artificial intelligence paradigms have enabled the improvement of current automation systems of energy management. Embedded devices integrate different sensors with connectivity, computing resources, and reduced cost. Communication and cloud services increase their performance; however, there are limitations in the implementation of these technologies. If the cloud is used as the main source of services and resources, overload problems will occur. There are no models that facilitate the complete integration and interoperability in the facilities already created. This article proposes a model for the integration of smart energy management systems in new and already created facilities, using local embedded devices, Internet of Things communication protocols and services based on artificial intelligence paradigms. All services are distributed in the new smart grid network using edge and fog computing techniques. The model proposes an architecture both to be used as support for the development of smart services and for energy management control systems adapted to the installation: a group of buildings and/or houses that shares energy management and energy generation. Machine learning to predict consumption and energy generation, electric load classification, energy distribution control, and predictive maintenance are the main utilities integrated. As an experimental case, a facility that incorporates wind and solar generation is used for development and testing. Smart grid facilities, designed with artificial intelligence algorithms, implemented with Internet of Things protocols, and embedded control devices facilitate the development, cost reduction, and the integration of new services. In this work, a method to design, develop, and install smart services in self-consumption facilities is proposed. New smart services with reduced costs are installed and tested, confirming the advantages of the proposed model.

scholarly journals A Novel Security Methodology for Smart Grids: A Case Study of Microcomputer-Based Encryption for PMU Devices

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Metin Varan ◽  
Akif Akgul ◽  
Fatih Kurugollu ◽  
Ahmet Sansli ◽  
Kim Smith
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Hyperchaotic System ◽  
Iec 61850 ◽  
Encryption Decryption ◽  
Communication Frameworks

Coordination of a power system with the phasor measurement devices (PMUs) in real time on the load and generation sides is carried out within the context of smart grid studies. Power systems equipped with information systems in a smart grid pace with external security threats. Developing a smart grid which can resist against cyber threats is considered indispensable for the uninterrupted operation. In this study, a two-way secure communication methodology underpinned by a chaos-based encryption algorithm for PMU devices is proposed. The proposed system uses the IEEE-14 busbar system on which the optimum PMU placement has been installed. The proposed hyperchaotic system-based encryption method is applied as a new security methodology among PMU devices. The success of results is evaluated by the completeness of data exchange, durations, the complexity of encryption-decryption processes, and strength of cryptography using a microcomputer-based implementation. The results show that the proposed microcomputer-based encryption algorithms can be directly embedded as encryption hardware units into PMU and PDC devices which have very fast signal processing capabilities taking into considerations the acceptable delay time for power system protection and measuring applications and quality metering applications which is 2 ms and 10 ms, respectively. While proposed algorithms can be used in TCP or UDP over IP-based IEEE C37.118, IEC 61850, and IEC 61850-90-5 communication frameworks, they can also be embedded into electronic cards, smartcards, or smart tokens which are utilized for authentication among smart grid components.

scholarly journals Profitability of smart grid solutions applied in power grid

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 371-382
Author(s):  
Nenad Katic
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Complete Solution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Smart Power ◽  
Power Utility ◽  
Smart Systems ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Grid Solution ◽  
Advanced Metering

The idea of a Smart Grid solution has been developing for years, as complete solution for a power utility, consisting of different advanced technologies aimed at improving of the efficiency of operation. The trend of implementing various smart systems continues, e.g. Energy Management Systems, Grid Automation Systems, Advanced Metering Infrastructure, Smart power equipment, Distributed Energy Resources, Demand Response systems, etc. Futhermore, emerging technologies, such as energy storages, electrical vehicles or distributed generators, become integrated in distribution networks and systems. Nowadays, the idea of a Smart Grid solution becomes more realistic by full integration of all advanced operation technologies (OT) within IT environment, providing the complete digitalization of an Utility (IT/OT integration). The overview of smart grid solutions, estimation of investments, operation costs and possible benefits are presented in this article, with discusison about profitability of such systems.

scholarly journals Optimal utilization of automated distributed generation in smart grid using genetic algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Ayman Hoballah ◽  
Yasser Ahmad ◽  
Kamel A Shoush
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power System ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Test System ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Power Scheduling ◽  
Automation Systems

<span>Distributed generation (DG) is an essential attributor in smart grid to fulfill the uncontrollable increase in the demand for energy. Artificial intelligent optimization techniques are widely used within automation systems for guarantee the optimal operation and utilization of DG allocation on the day-ahead power scheduling. In this paper, the genetic algorithm technique used for obtaining the optimal utilization of the automated operation of distributed generation for power losses and total cost minimization as well as user comfort maximization considering all operating constraints technique. Distributed generation represented by fuel cells to supply part of the daily demand in the power system. The target is to apply decision-making strategy of smart operation for economical and reliable operation of power system. Concentrated fuel cell units considered representing the available DG at the load centers. The methodology applied to the 11-bus test system. The simulation results have demonstrated that the GA capability for full automation of DGs in a smart manner within the power system for economic and safe operation</span>

scholarly journals An Automatic Design Framework for Real-Time Power System Simulators Supporting Smart Grid Applications

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleftherios Mylonas ◽  
Nikolaos Tzanis ◽  
Michael Birbas ◽  
Alexios Birbas
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Automatic Design ◽  
Design Framework

Smart grid technology is the next step to the evolution of classical power grids, providing robustness, reliability, and security throughout the network, enabling real-time management and control. To achieve these goals, distributed computing (microgrid concept) and intelligent control algorithms, tailored to the nature and needs of the network under study, are necessary. To deal with the vast diversity of power grids, being able to capture the dynamics of any given network, and create tools for network analysis, apparatus testing, and power grid management, an automatic design framework for real-time power system simulators is needed. In this article, a prototype of this approach is presented, employing Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platforms due to their reconfigurability that enables low-power, low-latency, and high-performance designs, as a first attempt towards an open source platform, compatible with the majority of hardware design suites. It comprises two major parts: (i) a user-oriented section, built in Matlab/Simulink; and (ii) a hardware-oriented section, written in Matlab and Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC)-Hardware Description Language (VHDL) code. To verify its functionality, two test power networks were given in a schematic format, analyzed through Matlab code and turned into dedicated hardware simulators with the aid of the VHDL template. Then, simulation results from Simulink and the prototype were compared for error estimation. The results show the prototype’s successful implementation with minimal resources utilization, high performance and low latency in the order of nanoseconds in Xilinx 6- and 7-series FPGAs, therefore proving its modularity and efficient use in many different scenarios, meeting low-latency/real-time requirements while enabling further smart grid research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document