scholarly journals EFFECT TO CROP ROTATION AND FERTILIZATION SYSTEM IN YIELD AND TECHNOLOGICAL QUALITY IN SUGAR BEET (BETA VULGARIS L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Prysiazhniuk ◽  
V. M. Hryhoriev ◽  
I. V. Svystunova ◽  
V. Ya. Bukhalo ◽  
L . M. Karpuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Additional Input ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fertilization System

he quality of sugar beet roots is estimated by the concentrations of K, Na and ?-amino nitrogen in cell fluid since sucrose content in the cell vacuole is the result of a balance of other active osmotic compounds (K and Na ions). Along with the increasing dose of organomineral fertilizers, sugar losses in molasses increase, the thin juice purity decreases, and, accordingly, white sugar yield decreases. Therefore, the optimal dose of fertilizers within the organomineral fertilization system on the typical leached chernozem (in the zone of sufficient soil moisture) was 40 t/ha of cattle manure + N90P110K130, which provides sugar yield of 6.37, 6.32, and 6.48 t/ha. Analysis of sugar yield per hectare under the conditions of insufficient soil moisture shows the importance of the right decision on short crop rotation. Thus, the highest sugar yield (5.73 t/ha) was observed in the grain – grass – hoed crop rotation against the background of 25 t/ha of cattle manure + N90P120K90. However, increased fertilizer doses, 25 t/ha of cattle manure + N135P180K135, causes a reduction in sugar yield and is not efficient in terms of additional input

Effects of plant density, irrigation and potassium and sodium fertilizers on sugar beet: II. Influence of soil moisture and weather

1974 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Draycott ◽  
M. J. Durrant ◽  
A. B. Messem
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Large Density ◽  
Small Density ◽  
Plough Layer ◽  
Potential Transpiration ◽  
Do So

SummaryThe amount of soil moisture used by sugar beet was determined weekly between May and October (1970–2) in plots testing 18500 and 124000 plants/ha with and without irrigation. When leaves covered more than 60% of the ground (after mid-June with the large density and after mid-July with the small density) the crop used water at the potential transpiration rate even with soil moisture deficits on plots without irrigation of up to 170 mm. Therefore as irrigation greatly increased sugar yield in 1970 and 1972, it probably did not do so simply by satisfying the crop's water need.In 1970 irrigation appeared to act partly by decreasing the time taken to attain complete leaf cover but in 1972 irrigation had only a slight effect on leaf cover but greatly increased sugar yield, particularly of the large population. With little rainfall, the large density rapidly exhausted the available moisture from the plough layer. It seems likely therefore that irrigation increased yield by giving more leaf cover early and by improving nutrient supply but not by supplying extra water for transpiration.

scholarly journals Integrated Control of Root and Crown Rot in Sugar Beet: Combined Effects of Cultivar, Crop Rotation, and Soil Tillage

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cord Buhre ◽  
Christian Kluth ◽  
Klaus Bürcky ◽  
Bernward Märländer ◽  
Mark Varrelmann
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Sugar Beet Cultivar ◽  
Root And Crown Rot

Rhizoctonia solani (AG 2-2IIIB), causing root and crown rot in sugar beet, poses an increasing problem in Europe. Agronomic measures have to be optimized to control disease and minimize yield and quality loss, because no fungicides can be applied. Resistant sugar beet cultivars have been introduced to reduce disease occurrence. Furthermore, crop rotation can influence R. solani occurrence. In contrast to other cereals, maize serves as a host of the fungus. In order to study the combined effect of these factors, a series of four field trials was established with crop rotations varying in the proportion of maize and comparing a resistant with a susceptible sugar beet cultivar in 2001–02 in southern Germany. Within crop rotations, cultivation methods were varied in the form of soil tillage, intercrops, or both. Sugar beet cultivar and crop rotation had the main impact on disease severity and sugar yield. With increasing proportion of maize, sugar yield decreased, whereas cultivation method had only a minor impact. Plowing directly before sugar beet increased sugar yield only within the unfavorable maize-maize-sugar beet rotation compared with mulching. These results give strong evidence that crop rotation of sugar beet with nonhost plants and cultivation of resistant sugar beet cultivars are adequate means for integrated R. solani control.

scholarly journals Influence of Various Forms of Foliar Application on Root Yield and Technological Quality of Sugar Beet

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 693
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Artyszak ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Orthosilicic Acid ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
The Individual

The Green Deal adopted by the European Commission assumes a significant reduction in the use of pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. It is necessary to search for environmentally safe technologies that will prevent a reduction in crop yield. One of such methods, which was examined in the study, is the foliar application of silicon, which can have a positive effect on root yield and its quality. In the period 2017–2019, a field experiment was carried out in which the effectiveness of the application of various forms of silicon (orthosilicic acid, a mixture of orthosilicic and polysilicic acid and calcium silicate) in sugar beet cultivation was assessed. The applied treatments of foliar application increased the root yield by 10.7–11.7%, the biological sugar yield by 8.4–12% and the pure sugar yield by 7.2–11.8% as compared to the control treatment. The differences between the individual treatments in terms of these characteristics were insignificant. Their impacts on the technological quality of roots (content of sugar, α-amino nitrogen, potassium and sodium) were different.

Foliar nutrition effectiveness for sugar beet cultivated as a following crop after winter rape

2015 ◽  
pp. 567-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Artyszak ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski ◽  
Katarzyna Kuciska
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
South Eastern

In 2013 and 2014, in Sahry (south-eastern Poland, 50°41’ N and 23°46’ E) 6 different variants of sugar beet foliar fertilization were investigated. Beet yield for variants with foliar fertilization was on average 14.2tha–1 (15.6%) higher than the control and the biological sugar yield was higher by 2.4tha–1 (14.2%). The technological sugar yield increased about 2.1tha–1 (13.9%) on average for variants with foliar fertilization in comparison with the control. Foliar fertilization had no significant effect on sugar content but the effect on melassigenic components content (-amino-nitrogen, K and Na) was ambiguous. The results obtained show that the cultivation of sugar beet as a following crop after winter rape is possible and can provide good results.

scholarly journals Changes in the technological properties of sugar beet root crops during industrial storage in ventilated piles

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00078
Author(s):  
Marina Egorova ◽  
Lyubov Puzanova ◽  
Lyudmila Smirnova ◽  
Elena Leonteva
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Forced Ventilation ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Industrial Storage

When storing sugar beets in natural conditions, transformations of the chemical composition occur in it, leading to the accumulation of non-sugars, which reduces the processing efficiency and sugar yield. The use of the technology of forced ventilation of the air environment of the kagats is aimed at reducing the negative impact of the ongoing processes. This study presents the results of changes in the technological properties of sugar beets during industrial storage of two types: in a ventilated rack, in a rack without ventilation. It was shown that forced ventilation of the air in the stagger led to slower development of diseases of root crops with stag rot, the processes proceeded 2 times slower. Changes in the chemical composition of sugar beets after 45 and 60 days of storage are shown. When sugar beets were stored in a ventilated stagger for 60 days, the daily decrease in sugar content was 1.6 times lower than when stored in a staggered rack without ventilation; the increase in the content of reducing substances is 3.5 times lower, α-amino nitrogen, potassium, sodium - on average 1.2 times lower. The calculated sugar yield for the storage conditions of sugar beets in a ventilated trough was 1.1 times higher than when stored in a trough without ventilation. It has been established that the creation of more favorable conditions for the air environment of the sugar beet pile through forced ventilation reduces the intensity of natural biochemical and microbiological processes in root crops, extends the shelf life of their technological properties, and ensures the economic efficiency of sugar production.

scholarly journals Impact of sugar beet seed priming on molasses components, sugar content and technological white sugar yield

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Beata Michalska-Klimczak ◽  
Zdzislaw Wyszyňski ◽  
Vladimír Pačuta ◽  
Marek Rašovský ◽  
Joanna Lešniewska
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
The Impact ◽  
White Sugar

The impact of non-treated and primed seeds on molasses components, sugar content and technological white sugar yield of the same cultivar of sugar beet root was investigated. The study was conducted in 2012–2014 at the Experiment Field Station of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW in Skierniewice (51°97'N, 20°19'E) in the central region of Poland. The use of primed seeds resulted in a higher technological white sugar yield with higher sugar content and lower content of α-amino nitrogen in the roots. Also, seed priming increased the technological value of the roots by a lower share in the root yield fractions of the root weight less than 300 g, characterized by lower sugar content and a higher content of α-amino nitrogen.

scholarly journals Sugar beets root crops productivity in different hybrids

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
V. Hlevaskiy ◽  
V. Rybak ◽  
V. Kuyanov ◽  
R. Shapovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Crop Capacity ◽  
The Right

Modern sugar beet hybrids have a potential root crop capacity of above 50.0 t/ha and sugar content of 16.1–18.5 %. Seeds with a germination rate of not less than 90 % are being used in this case, highly efficient energy-saving technologies based on the use of agricultural techniques (crop rotation, fertilization system, soil tillage system, sowing at the final density), protection against pests and diseases, the method of harvesting root crops are used. The performance of the sugar beet hybrid is mainly determined by the genetic information contained in the seeds and the conditions in which the plants grow. The purpose of the research was to investigate the varietal features of growth, development and productivity of sugar beet in the conditions of the central part of the Right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine. The following sugar beet hybrids were used for sowing: Olzhych, Etude, Zluka, Constanta and Anichka with the fraction of 3.5–4.5 mm and laboratory germination of 85–90 %. The growth and development of sugar beet plants of different hybrids differed. There was a tendency for more positive germination of seeds and a more complete density of seedlings in the hybrid Constanta. The productivity of the sugar beet root crops is determined by the yield, sugar content and sugar harvest. Crop capacity of the male sterile hybrids studied averaged from 46.4 to 55.6 t/ha over the three years of studies, sugar content – 15.6–17.0 % and sugar yield – 7.4–9.5 t/ha. Hybrids Zluka and Constanta appeared to be the most adapted to the conditions of the central part of the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine. Thus, over three years, the Zluka hybrid had an average crop capacity of 55.6 t/ha, the sugar content of the roots was 16.1 %, the sugar harvest was 9.0 t/ha, and the hybrid Constant had a yield of 55.1 t/ha, the sugar content of the roots – 16.2 %, sugar yield – 8.1 t/ha. Key words: sugar beets, hybrids, field germination of seeds, sugar content, sugar yield.

Sequestration of carbon oxide in different fertilization systems in agrocenoses

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Demydenko ◽  
Yu. Zapasna ◽  
V. Velychko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Carbon Oxide ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Capacity Level ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Fertilization System ◽  
By Products

Aim. To substantiate the agroecological estimation of the performance of a short crop rotation in conditions of intense and organic system of fertilization on the basis of restoring normative parameters of emission and se- questration of С-СО 2 circulation while using by-products as organic fertilizers in conditions of modern climatic system of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, statistical, laboratory. Results of Investigations. The performance of short crop rotations is determined by the capacity of С-СО 2 balance. Strong inverse correla- tion was found between the capacity of N and the ratio between C and N in the agrocenosis, which demon- strated that enhancing the humifi cation processes (ratio constriction) led to the increase in the capacity of С org balance and the decrease in the capacity level of С-СО 2 balance (enhancing mineralization), related to the reduction in the performance of crops in the agrocenosis of a crop rotation compared to the organic system of fertilization. The capacity of С-СО 2 and С org balance correlates at the medium level of inverse direction, and the yield of the main products, feed units and digestible protein correlates at the level of strong direct correlation. Conclusions. General mineralization of by-products and humus in the agrocenosis and humifi cation processes are antagonists, so extending the ratio between С and N at the intense fertilization system stimulates the in- crease in performance and reducing С to N similar to the organic fertilization system enhances the humifi cation process due to binding of С org into humus and limits mineralization which leads to the reduction in agrocenosis performance at the organic fertilization system.

scholarly journals Impact of Foliar Application of Various Forms of Silicon on the Chemical Composition of Sugar Beet Plants

Sugar Tech ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Artyszak ◽  
Małgorzata Kondracka ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski ◽  
Alicja Siuda ◽  
Magda Litwińczuk-Bis
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Orthosilicic Acid ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Polysilicic Acid ◽  
Critical Phase

AbstractThe effect of marine calcite, a mixture of ortho- and polysilicic acid as well as orthosilicic acid applied as a foliar spray on the chemical composition of sugar beet leaves in the critical phase of nutrient supply (beginning of July) but also leaves and roots during harvest time in 2015–2016, was studied. The content of silicon in the leaves ranged from 1.24 to 2.36 g kg−1 d.m. at the beginning of July, 3.85–5.34 g kg−1 d.m. during harvest and 2.91–4.20 g kg−1 d.m. in the roots. The foliar application of silicon caused a significant increase in the content of magnesium and calcium in leaves (in July) as compared to the control. The sugar beet consumes approx. 75 kg Si ha−1, which is almost 3.5 times more than P and 20% more than Mg thus proving its importance for its species. About 70% of the silicon taken up by sugar beet is stored in roots and 30% in leaves. The pure sugar yield is most favorably influenced by two- and threefold foliar application of the product containing silicon in the form of orthosilicic acid stabilized with choline, and a threefold mixture of ortho- and polysilicic acid. The increase in the pure sugar yield is not the result of a change in the chemical composition of sugar beet plants, but their more efficient functioning after foliar application of silicon under stress conditions caused by water shortage.

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