Mexican American Women’s Alternative Archive

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen R. Roybal
Keyword(s):  
Mexican American ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Mexican Men ◽  
The U.S

This chapter discusses the ways in which the U.S. government created an alternative archive when it recorded Mexicanas/os' voices in the "official" record during land grant adjudication proceedings in the mid- to late nineteenth century. The testimonio of landowner María Cleofas Bóne de López serves as a prime focus in the chapter to emphasize the ways in which marriage to Mexican women was one way that both Anglo and Mexican men gained access to and amassed material property. Through this and other key cases, the chapter emphasizes that males' land ownership was often predicated on relationships to and with Mexican women and the ways Mexican men were effeminized within the U.S. legal system. The depositions serve as testimonials to the integral role of gender in the history of property ownership and dispossession.

Ideological closure in newspaper political language during the U.S. 1872 election campaign

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-291
Author(s):  
Dafnah Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Gilded Age ◽  
The Political ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Language ◽  
Editorial Content ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The U.S

This paper studies political language in late nineteenth century partisan newspapers by (a) evaluating the degree of pragmatic force, or ideological closure in political editorial content published during the 1872 election year in three leading Iowa newspapers; and (b) linking variations in the degree of ideological closure of these texts to the institutional and social-political contexts of their production, i.e. the political role of editors and the web of relationships within which they performed their work. The degree of ideological closure is evaluated by analysing a range of rhetorical and discursive practices. The study identified variations in degree of closure both between newspapers affiliated with the same party and within a single newspaper over time. Such variations are interpreted as reflecting editors’ need to mitigate an intricate set of political interests and obligations. The analysis also brings to light the richness of partisan editorial language of this time. These finds demonstrate the complexity of the political language and discourse of Gilded Age newspapers.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jason W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Science Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Naval Officers ◽  
The U.S

The introduction established the main argument of the book, which is that the U.S. Navy’s charts and its chart-making throughout the nineteenth century were integral to the expansion of American oceanic empire even as such effort exposed the limits of science practice, seafaring, and war-making in a dynamic, dangerous marine environment. The Navy and the broader American maritime world’s encounter with the ocean, mediated through science, was integral to the way mariners, navigators, and naval officers thought of an emerging maritime empire first in commercial terms and, by the late nineteenth century, in new geo-strategic terms. The introduction also places the larger work within the historiographies of military, maritime, and naval history as well as environmental history and the history of science and cartography, seeking to establish historiographical and methodological bridges among these sub-fields.

Pilgrims, Fieldworkers, and Secret Agents: Buryat Buddhologists and the History of an Eurasian Imaginary

Inner Asia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anya Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Eurasian Continent ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Many ◽  
Revolutionary History

AbstractThis article looks at the pre-Revolutionary history of Buryats' engagement with greater Eurasia, drawing on the legacies of the long underappreciated Russian Buddhological school and exploring the intellectual and political context of its emergence in the late nineteenth century. Exploring the role of Russian Orientalists and political figures such as the Orientalists V.P. Vasil'ev and Prince E.E. Ukhtomskii, and taking a close look at the fieldwork of the first Russian-trained indigenous Buryat Buddhologists G.Ts. Tsybikov and B.B. Baradiin, I demonstrate that this ultimately Eurasianist school of Buddhology was borne out of conflicting sentiments towards Russia's cosmopolitanism, statehood, and imperial destiny in Asia, as well as representations of indigenous peoples of southern Siberia. As a conclusion, I map the emergent forms of what I call 'Asian Eurasianism', linking it to contemporary cultural debates in Buryatia. I suggest that the term offers us a better way to understand the many ways by which many non-Russians position themselves in relation to the vast Eurasian continent.

scholarly journals Orthodox Clubs and Associations: Cultural, Educational and Religious Networks Between Palestine and Transjordan, 1925–1950

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-62
Author(s):  
Norig Neveu
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual Life ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
Regional Networks ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Communal Space

AbstractSince the late nineteenth century, Orthodox Arab laymen had organised themselves into associations starting in the main cities of Palestine, a dynamic which quickly spread to Transjordan, leading to the creation of local Orthodox committees in most parishes. This chapter considers the history of the Greek Orthodox associations in Transjordan from 1925 to 1950 and the influence of regional networks in the structuration of religious, social and intellectual life in Amman and more generally Transjordan. By approaching cultural diplomacy “from below”, this chapter highlights the pivotal role of Orthodox laity in promoting cultural, intellectual and political production in Transjordan. Through those activities they could negotiate local sovereignty but also political and communal space, away from the influence of the Patriarchate of Jerusalem.

scholarly journals Contemporary History in Europe: From Mastering National Pasts to the Future of Writing the World

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Spohr Readman
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Conceptual Problems ◽  
Second World

Debates surrounding the approach to and distinctiveness of contemporary history qua history that had been simmering ever since the professionalization of history in the late nineteenth century re-emerged with vigour after 1990. This article attempts to identify what characterizes and distinguishes (the history of) our present time, by comparing the evolution of what has been labelled ‘contemporary history’ in France, Germany and Britain over the last 90 years. In discussing some of the conceptual problems and methodological challenges of contemporary history, it will be revealed that many in Europe remain stuck in an older, ‘national’ (and transnational) fixation with the second world war and the nazis’ atrocities, although working in medias res today appears to point to the investigation of events and phenomena that are ‘global’. The article will seek to make a fresh suggestion of how to delimit ‘contemporariness’ from the older ‘past’ and end with some comments on the significance of the role of contemporary history within the broader historical discipline and society at large.

Business Organization in American Economic History

2018 ◽  
pp. 260-288
Author(s):  
Eric D. Hilt
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Corporation Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth

This chapter presents a history of the organization of American enterprise, from the first corporations to the emergence of large, vertically integrated conglomerates. It begins with a discussion of the monopolistic privileges of early corporations, and efforts to reform the process by which corporations were created. It then presents a discussion of the alternative organizational forms that became available to entrepreneurs. Finally, it analyzes the rise of “big business” in the late nineteenth century, and the legal and institutional context within which those enterprises began to emerge. The discussion of each is focused on the changing nature of the problems faced by entrepreneurs, and the changing legal and institutional environment in which they operated. Among the topics discussed are the evolution of corporation law, the choice of organizational form, recurring problems in corporate governance, the role of financiers in corporate governance, and the emergence of pyramidal holding company structures.

scholarly journals Discovering "os ianques do sul": towards an entangled Luso-Hispanic history of Latin America

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ori Preuss
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Spanish American ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Latin Americanism

The article reconstructs the largely forgotten role of key Brazilian intellectuals in the Latins-versus-Anglo-Saxons debates that developed around 1898, emphasizing the embeddedness of their thinking in the transnational crossings of men and ideas within South America. It thus challenges the common depiction of late-nineteenth-century Latin Americanism as a purely Spanish American phenomenon and of the United States as its major catalyst, allowing a more nuanced understanding of this movement' s nature.

Engendering the Archive

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen R. Roybal
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Mexican American War ◽  
The U.S

This chapter presents an overview of land ownership/property laws pre- and post-Mexican-American War (1846-1848). Drawing on historical and legal data, the chapter outlines the ways in which Mexican women, specifically, were impacted by a new U.S. legal system and makes the claim that in order to fully understand and appreciate the making the U.S. Southwest, gender must be a primary category of inquiry. The chapter calls for an in-depth and feminist examination and reconceptualization of the "official" archive to rethink: (a) what is considered "archival" and "historical," (b) who should be considered as "archiveable," or a legitimate actor in the production of historical narratives, (c) the ways in which testimonios provide primary source material that offer an alternative narrative of dispossession.

Rethinking Karaism: Between Judaism and Islam

AJS Review ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-93
Author(s):  
Meira Polliack
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Religious Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Since the late nineteenth century, scholars have tried to explain Karaism in light of comparative scripturalist trends in the history of religion. These trends manifest a common desire to reinstate the revelational text (i.e., the Hebrew Bible, the Qur'an) as the sole basis for religious law and practice. They deny or considerably delimit, on the other hand, the role of “received tradition” (i.e., Jewish torah she-be‘al peh, Islamic Sunnah) as an independent or complementary source of religious authority and legislation. Consequently, the Karaites’ rejection of Jewish oral law as codified in the Mishnah and Talmud and their attempt to reinstate the Hebrew Bible (in its entirety) as the binding source for Jewish law and religious practice, have often been described as the Jewish variation on the theme of sola scriptura.1

Knowing a Sentient Mountain: Space, science, and the sacred in ascents of Mount Paektu/Changbai

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 716-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUTH ROGASKI
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
The Political ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Hybrid Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

AbstractMount Paektu/Changbai is a massive stratovolcano situated on the current border between North Korea and China, in a region that has historically lain at the edges of competing Eurasian polities. Formed by a past of dramatic eruptions, Mount Paektu/Changbai has long been held as a powerful, sentient entity by those living near it, but the mountain's unique geographical features and distance from political centres rendered it extremely elusive as an object of elite empirical knowledge. This article examines narratives of multiple expeditions to Mount Paektu/Changbai from the seventeenth to the twentieth centuries in order to understand the role of space in the creation of knowledge about the mountain, and to probe how that knowledge intersected with political goals. Consideration of human experience of the mountain's topography and environment reveals a complex relationship between proximal and distal perceptions of nature. Even as they sought to create rational, ‘universal’ forms of knowledge about the mountain, Asian elites appropriated more localized belief in the mountain's powers, creating a hybrid knowledge that combined science and miracles. As the political context shifted in the late nineteenth century, the positioning of this hybrid knowledge shifted to become an indiginized basis for national resistance. This consideration of Mount Paektu/Changbai highlights the virtues of making space and environment central to the political and cultural history of northeast Asia.

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