Business Organization in American Economic History

2018 ◽  
pp. 260-288
Author(s):  
Eric D. Hilt
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Corporation Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth

This chapter presents a history of the organization of American enterprise, from the first corporations to the emergence of large, vertically integrated conglomerates. It begins with a discussion of the monopolistic privileges of early corporations, and efforts to reform the process by which corporations were created. It then presents a discussion of the alternative organizational forms that became available to entrepreneurs. Finally, it analyzes the rise of “big business” in the late nineteenth century, and the legal and institutional context within which those enterprises began to emerge. The discussion of each is focused on the changing nature of the problems faced by entrepreneurs, and the changing legal and institutional environment in which they operated. Among the topics discussed are the evolution of corporation law, the choice of organizational form, recurring problems in corporate governance, the role of financiers in corporate governance, and the emergence of pyramidal holding company structures.

Mexican American Women’s Alternative Archive

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen R. Roybal
Keyword(s):  
Mexican American ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Mexican Men ◽  
The U.S

This chapter discusses the ways in which the U.S. government created an alternative archive when it recorded Mexicanas/os' voices in the "official" record during land grant adjudication proceedings in the mid- to late nineteenth century. The testimonio of landowner María Cleofas Bóne de López serves as a prime focus in the chapter to emphasize the ways in which marriage to Mexican women was one way that both Anglo and Mexican men gained access to and amassed material property. Through this and other key cases, the chapter emphasizes that males' land ownership was often predicated on relationships to and with Mexican women and the ways Mexican men were effeminized within the U.S. legal system. The depositions serve as testimonials to the integral role of gender in the history of property ownership and dispossession.

Pilgrims, Fieldworkers, and Secret Agents: Buryat Buddhologists and the History of an Eurasian Imaginary

Inner Asia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anya Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Eurasian Continent ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Many ◽  
Revolutionary History

AbstractThis article looks at the pre-Revolutionary history of Buryats' engagement with greater Eurasia, drawing on the legacies of the long underappreciated Russian Buddhological school and exploring the intellectual and political context of its emergence in the late nineteenth century. Exploring the role of Russian Orientalists and political figures such as the Orientalists V.P. Vasil'ev and Prince E.E. Ukhtomskii, and taking a close look at the fieldwork of the first Russian-trained indigenous Buryat Buddhologists G.Ts. Tsybikov and B.B. Baradiin, I demonstrate that this ultimately Eurasianist school of Buddhology was borne out of conflicting sentiments towards Russia's cosmopolitanism, statehood, and imperial destiny in Asia, as well as representations of indigenous peoples of southern Siberia. As a conclusion, I map the emergent forms of what I call 'Asian Eurasianism', linking it to contemporary cultural debates in Buryatia. I suggest that the term offers us a better way to understand the many ways by which many non-Russians position themselves in relation to the vast Eurasian continent.

The Telephone Patents: Intellectual Property, Business, and the Law in the United States and Britain, 1876—1900

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-601
Author(s):  
Christopher Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Telephone Industry ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
New Perspective

This dissertation summary introduces a new perspective on the legal and economic history of patents in the late nineteenth century. Through a case study of the early telephone industry in Britain and the United States, the dissertation explores interactions between business strategies and national legal regimes, and proposes a revised view of the multi-layered relationship between patents and industrial organization.

scholarly journals Orthodox Clubs and Associations: Cultural, Educational and Religious Networks Between Palestine and Transjordan, 1925–1950

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-62
Author(s):  
Norig Neveu
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual Life ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
Regional Networks ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Communal Space

AbstractSince the late nineteenth century, Orthodox Arab laymen had organised themselves into associations starting in the main cities of Palestine, a dynamic which quickly spread to Transjordan, leading to the creation of local Orthodox committees in most parishes. This chapter considers the history of the Greek Orthodox associations in Transjordan from 1925 to 1950 and the influence of regional networks in the structuration of religious, social and intellectual life in Amman and more generally Transjordan. By approaching cultural diplomacy “from below”, this chapter highlights the pivotal role of Orthodox laity in promoting cultural, intellectual and political production in Transjordan. Through those activities they could negotiate local sovereignty but also political and communal space, away from the influence of the Patriarchate of Jerusalem.

scholarly journals Contemporary History in Europe: From Mastering National Pasts to the Future of Writing the World

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Spohr Readman
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Conceptual Problems ◽  
Second World

Debates surrounding the approach to and distinctiveness of contemporary history qua history that had been simmering ever since the professionalization of history in the late nineteenth century re-emerged with vigour after 1990. This article attempts to identify what characterizes and distinguishes (the history of) our present time, by comparing the evolution of what has been labelled ‘contemporary history’ in France, Germany and Britain over the last 90 years. In discussing some of the conceptual problems and methodological challenges of contemporary history, it will be revealed that many in Europe remain stuck in an older, ‘national’ (and transnational) fixation with the second world war and the nazis’ atrocities, although working in medias res today appears to point to the investigation of events and phenomena that are ‘global’. The article will seek to make a fresh suggestion of how to delimit ‘contemporariness’ from the older ‘past’ and end with some comments on the significance of the role of contemporary history within the broader historical discipline and society at large.

scholarly journals What is the value of a technological history of cinema?

2013 ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Lee Grieveson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Secondary Material ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Cinema was a product of the second-stage Industrial Revolution. This article examines some aspects of the technological and economic history of cinema and that revolution. It draws on secondary material on the electrical and chemical developments beginning in the late nineteenth century, and on primary research on particular case studies where cinema technology was used to further the economic objectives of industrial and financial organisations.

scholarly journals Discovering "os ianques do sul": towards an entangled Luso-Hispanic history of Latin America

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ori Preuss
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Spanish American ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Latin Americanism

The article reconstructs the largely forgotten role of key Brazilian intellectuals in the Latins-versus-Anglo-Saxons debates that developed around 1898, emphasizing the embeddedness of their thinking in the transnational crossings of men and ideas within South America. It thus challenges the common depiction of late-nineteenth-century Latin Americanism as a purely Spanish American phenomenon and of the United States as its major catalyst, allowing a more nuanced understanding of this movement' s nature.

In Search of a Future: Leipzig Since the Wende

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Kolinsky
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Book Trade ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vehicle Production ◽  
Late Nineteenth

In the political and economic history of Germany, Leipzig alreadyheld a special place long before unification. Since the middle ages, ithas hosted one of the most important trade fairs in Europe. Whenindustrialization turned Germany in the late nineteenth century intoa leading European power, outpacing France and closely rivalingBritain, Leipzig added to its established and internationally acclaimedfur and book trade a mighty industrial sector in lignite-based chemicalsand vehicle production. At the turn of the century, Leipzig wasone of the largest and most affluent cities of Germany and indeedEurope. A rich stock of Gründerzeit houses remains to testify to thisillustrious past.

Rethinking Karaism: Between Judaism and Islam

AJS Review ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-93
Author(s):  
Meira Polliack
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Religious Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Since the late nineteenth century, scholars have tried to explain Karaism in light of comparative scripturalist trends in the history of religion. These trends manifest a common desire to reinstate the revelational text (i.e., the Hebrew Bible, the Qur'an) as the sole basis for religious law and practice. They deny or considerably delimit, on the other hand, the role of “received tradition” (i.e., Jewish torah she-be‘al peh, Islamic Sunnah) as an independent or complementary source of religious authority and legislation. Consequently, the Karaites’ rejection of Jewish oral law as codified in the Mishnah and Talmud and their attempt to reinstate the Hebrew Bible (in its entirety) as the binding source for Jewish law and religious practice, have often been described as the Jewish variation on the theme of sola scriptura.1

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