THE ROLE OF COMMUNAL SPACE TO THE INTERACTION OF GENERATIONAL GAP EMPLOYEES IN OFFICE INTERIOR DESIGN

The aspect of social interaction is very important in office interior design ideas, amidst social interaction affect the employee relationship and teamwork to reach the vision of the office. Social interaction. is a social exchange. between two or moreIndividuals or group. These interactionsthe basis for social structure.and. therefore. are. a key. object. of basic. social inquiry and analysis. Generational gap as social structures thedifference of attitudes. between people of different generations leading to a lack of understanding. This paper aims to discuss the role of communal space in improving the. quality of social interaction between generational gap employees in BPOM Samarinda Office that support teamwork of employees. The discussion was carried out through a qualitative descriptive analysis based on the perspective of the question and interior design that is proposed. The topic of the generational gap is very strategic because it is relevant to the phenomenon at any time.

Design of Flat With Neighborhood Space With Urban Farming Function In Medan

In Medan, flats do not utilize neighborhood space as an urban farming area. In general, flats have a high density of occupants, inflexible designs, and the relationship between one door to another door is relatively close so that communal space is needed. Communal space is a space that functions as a place for social interaction activities for its residents. This flat design has green open spaces such as neighborhood space that can be used as communal spaces both socially and economically productively (urban farming) because flats require both functions. The design approach process used in this design is primary data collection through a field study process and physical data collection that supports scientific and factual data processing. The design analysis was carried out based on the results of literature review and data collection to identify the character of the design area, problems that arise, limitations and potentials, functional requirements, then conduct a review of the regional development plan. This flat is designed using an Ecological Architecture approach to reduce environmental problems in urban areas. The design creates a flat that considers the needs of communal space, green open space, and recreation areas to meet the needs of users. This design can create facilities for the community and become a tourist attraction.

The Floating Village: Fostering Social Capital in Chinese Migrant Settlements through Mobile Architecture

<p>In the past two decades, China has realised one of the fastest and largest rural to urban migrations in the world. The country’s urban population has increased by 20% over the last 20 years due to rapid urbanisation and a drastic improvement in urban opportunities. It is projected that by the year 2020 China aims to house 60% of its population in urban areas, resulting in a population shift of over 100 million people. One of the major issues which is presented to rural migrants is the hukou system. Hukou acts as a domestic passport which prevents rural migrants from attaining social benefits within urban areas. This has created an underclass within China’s urban areas known as the “floating population”. This thesis focuses on the architecture of the “floating villages” of China which accommodate this floating population. The floating village is an informal settlement of migrant workers which develops around construction sites. The village provides services such as food, entertainment, medical care and recycling to the construction workers., However, as a pseudo-urban typology accommodating many of the functions of a town, it lacks one important element: a focused communal area. The absence of deliberately designed a communal space has led to social tensions within the floating village due to the different cultural origins of the migrant workers. Migrant workers arrive in floating villages without knowledge of urban culture and with no communal support. Varying migrant accents, and traditions, alongside struggles with poverty, creates friction between workers. This thesis proposes a temporary and portable architectural intervention within the floating village which fosters a positive community. The research of community design is explored through an architecturalisation of Dr Robert D. Putnam’s understanding of social capital.</p>

Ideas of Homeland and Politics of Space: A Study of ‘Muslim Localities’ of Delhi

<p>The thesis investigates community-space relationship in colonial and post-colonial Delhi. Examining the process of identification, demarcation, organization and/or re-organization of space on the basis of religious demographics, the study questions the dominant imagination of ‘Muslim space’ as an objective, homogenous and permanent category. The research relies on extensive use of archival sources from national and local government, Urdu, Hindi and English-language newspaper reports and oral history interviews. The thesis particularly focuses on Shahjahanabad, that later became Old Delhi, to trace the story of the gradual transformation of caste/craft based shared community spaces into religion based ‘segregated’ pockets during the period of 1940-1977. The study argues that the notion of communal space in Delhi is a product of a long historical process. The discourse of homeland and the realities of Partition not only demarcated space on religious lines but also established the notion of ‘Muslim dominated areas’ as being ‘exclusionary’ and ‘contested’ zones. These localities turned out to be those pockets where the dominant ideas of nation had to be engineered, materialized and practiced. Consequently, these localities were looked at differently over the period: in the 1940s, as ‘Muslim dominated’ areas that were to be administered for the sake of communal peace; in the 1950s, as ‘Muslim zones’ that needed to be ‘protected’; in the 1960s, as ‘isolated’ unhygienic cultural pockets that were to be cleaned and Indianized; and in the 1970s, as locations of ‘internal threat’ – the ‘Mini Pakistan(s)’ - that were to be dismantled. The thesis starts with colonial Delhi where codification of cow slaughter practices; the demarcation of routes of religious processions; and the sectarian identification of residential wards, defined residential space and more specifically the electoral constituencies as ‘Hindu dominated’, ‘Muslim dominated’ or ‘mixed’ areas. The legal and administrative vocabulary that was deployed to establish such community-centric claims and counter-claims on urban space by political elite in the 1940s illuminates the ways in which a discourse of ‘homeland’ was gradually emerging in colonial and early post-colonial periods. The thesis then moves on to the post-Partition period and explains the ways in which parallel imaginations of homeland, specifically the reconfigured idea of ‘Pakistan’, produced new imageries of communal space. It discusses the debates around ‘Muslim zones’, Muslim ‘refugee camps’ and ‘evacuee’ properties to unpack the issues of belongingness and identity of Delhi’s Muslims that termed Muslim dominated areas as ‘communally sensitive’ in the 1950s. The thesis then explores the controversies around meat practice (its production, sale and consumption) in the 1960s -– to understand how an economic activity of slaughtering animals was turned into a ‘Muslim’ practice and placed in a binary opposition to selective Brahmanical vegetarianism claimed to be ‘Hindu’/ ‘Indian’ sensibilities. The consequent politics of space around Idgah slaughter-house, meat shops and the locality of Qasabpura is investigated to make sense of the contest over Muslim localities. Finally, the ‘operation urbanization’ of the 1970s focusing on the re-organization of city space and communities through redevelopment, resettlement and population control is scrutinized. The thesis examines local politics and administrative policies to see how the authorities zeroed in to end Muslim ‘segregation’ through forced clearance and sterilization in Jama Masjid and Turkman Gate areas during the National Emergency (1975-77). The study thus seeks to show that ‘Muslim localities’ are discursively constituted political entities that may or may not correspond to the actual demographic configuration of any administrative urban unit.</p>

The Floating Village: Fostering Social Capital in Chinese Migrant Settlements through Mobile Architecture

<p>In the past two decades, China has realised one of the fastest and largest rural to urban migrations in the world. The country’s urban population has increased by 20% over the last 20 years due to rapid urbanisation and a drastic improvement in urban opportunities. It is projected that by the year 2020 China aims to house 60% of its population in urban areas, resulting in a population shift of over 100 million people. One of the major issues which is presented to rural migrants is the hukou system. Hukou acts as a domestic passport which prevents rural migrants from attaining social benefits within urban areas. This has created an underclass within China’s urban areas known as the “floating population”. This thesis focuses on the architecture of the “floating villages” of China which accommodate this floating population. The floating village is an informal settlement of migrant workers which develops around construction sites. The village provides services such as food, entertainment, medical care and recycling to the construction workers., However, as a pseudo-urban typology accommodating many of the functions of a town, it lacks one important element: a focused communal area. The absence of deliberately designed a communal space has led to social tensions within the floating village due to the different cultural origins of the migrant workers. Migrant workers arrive in floating villages without knowledge of urban culture and with no communal support. Varying migrant accents, and traditions, alongside struggles with poverty, creates friction between workers. This thesis proposes a temporary and portable architectural intervention within the floating village which fosters a positive community. The research of community design is explored through an architecturalisation of Dr Robert D. Putnam’s understanding of social capital.</p>

Ideas of Homeland and Politics of Space: A Study of ‘Muslim Localities’ of Delhi

<p>The thesis investigates community-space relationship in colonial and post-colonial Delhi. Examining the process of identification, demarcation, organization and/or re-organization of space on the basis of religious demographics, the study questions the dominant imagination of ‘Muslim space’ as an objective, homogenous and permanent category. The research relies on extensive use of archival sources from national and local government, Urdu, Hindi and English-language newspaper reports and oral history interviews. The thesis particularly focuses on Shahjahanabad, that later became Old Delhi, to trace the story of the gradual transformation of caste/craft based shared community spaces into religion based ‘segregated’ pockets during the period of 1940-1977. The study argues that the notion of communal space in Delhi is a product of a long historical process. The discourse of homeland and the realities of Partition not only demarcated space on religious lines but also established the notion of ‘Muslim dominated areas’ as being ‘exclusionary’ and ‘contested’ zones. These localities turned out to be those pockets where the dominant ideas of nation had to be engineered, materialized and practiced. Consequently, these localities were looked at differently over the period: in the 1940s, as ‘Muslim dominated’ areas that were to be administered for the sake of communal peace; in the 1950s, as ‘Muslim zones’ that needed to be ‘protected’; in the 1960s, as ‘isolated’ unhygienic cultural pockets that were to be cleaned and Indianized; and in the 1970s, as locations of ‘internal threat’ – the ‘Mini Pakistan(s)’ - that were to be dismantled. The thesis starts with colonial Delhi where codification of cow slaughter practices; the demarcation of routes of religious processions; and the sectarian identification of residential wards, defined residential space and more specifically the electoral constituencies as ‘Hindu dominated’, ‘Muslim dominated’ or ‘mixed’ areas. The legal and administrative vocabulary that was deployed to establish such community-centric claims and counter-claims on urban space by political elite in the 1940s illuminates the ways in which a discourse of ‘homeland’ was gradually emerging in colonial and early post-colonial periods. The thesis then moves on to the post-Partition period and explains the ways in which parallel imaginations of homeland, specifically the reconfigured idea of ‘Pakistan’, produced new imageries of communal space. It discusses the debates around ‘Muslim zones’, Muslim ‘refugee camps’ and ‘evacuee’ properties to unpack the issues of belongingness and identity of Delhi’s Muslims that termed Muslim dominated areas as ‘communally sensitive’ in the 1950s. The thesis then explores the controversies around meat practice (its production, sale and consumption) in the 1960s -– to understand how an economic activity of slaughtering animals was turned into a ‘Muslim’ practice and placed in a binary opposition to selective Brahmanical vegetarianism claimed to be ‘Hindu’/ ‘Indian’ sensibilities. The consequent politics of space around Idgah slaughter-house, meat shops and the locality of Qasabpura is investigated to make sense of the contest over Muslim localities. Finally, the ‘operation urbanization’ of the 1970s focusing on the re-organization of city space and communities through redevelopment, resettlement and population control is scrutinized. The thesis examines local politics and administrative policies to see how the authorities zeroed in to end Muslim ‘segregation’ through forced clearance and sterilization in Jama Masjid and Turkman Gate areas during the National Emergency (1975-77). The study thus seeks to show that ‘Muslim localities’ are discursively constituted political entities that may or may not correspond to the actual demographic configuration of any administrative urban unit.</p>

Common Ground: Multivalent Communal Space in Medium Density Housing

<p>The combined effect of shrinking average household size and steady urban population growth places considerable stress on existing land supply within urban limits, creating significant challenges for meeting new housing demand in a sustainable way. One option, intensification, is occurring rapidly in New Zealand’s main urban centres. Intensive housing in Auckland, for example, represents 35% of Auckland’s total housing market (2007), and “…indications are that the size of the intensive housing market will increase … it is possible that in the future intensive housing will be the housing market rather than a segment within it.” It is therefore important and urgent to consider ways of achieving higher density housing efficiently on less available land. One design strategy that may contribute significantly towards achieving this goal is the use of ‘multivalent’ communal space. In New Zealand, little consideration is given to the provision of ‘multivalent’ communal space in higher density housing. Consequently, opportunities are being missed to utilise urban land more efficiently in ways that enhance the quality of higher density living environments. This thesis research suggests that ‘multivalent’ communal space has significant potential for better utilisation of urban land and the enhancement of residents’ quality of life in intensive urban environments.</p>

Common Ground: Multivalent Communal Space in Medium Density Housing

<p>The combined effect of shrinking average household size and steady urban population growth places considerable stress on existing land supply within urban limits, creating significant challenges for meeting new housing demand in a sustainable way. One option, intensification, is occurring rapidly in New Zealand’s main urban centres. Intensive housing in Auckland, for example, represents 35% of Auckland’s total housing market (2007), and “…indications are that the size of the intensive housing market will increase … it is possible that in the future intensive housing will be the housing market rather than a segment within it.” It is therefore important and urgent to consider ways of achieving higher density housing efficiently on less available land. One design strategy that may contribute significantly towards achieving this goal is the use of ‘multivalent’ communal space. In New Zealand, little consideration is given to the provision of ‘multivalent’ communal space in higher density housing. Consequently, opportunities are being missed to utilise urban land more efficiently in ways that enhance the quality of higher density living environments. This thesis research suggests that ‘multivalent’ communal space has significant potential for better utilisation of urban land and the enhancement of residents’ quality of life in intensive urban environments.</p>

Communal space patterns in tsunami aid housing for creating public open space after COVID-19 (case study: Gampong Tibang, Banda Aceh, Indonesia)

After the 2004 tsunami disaster, many aid housing developments were carried out, including housing in Gampong Tibang (Tibang Village), Banda Aceh City, with the pattern of building in the initial plot, with low building density. The local community has developed their housing according to their needs. When the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, requiring everyone to be in their respective homes, causing open space in the housing environment to become important as a village communal space, which has social and health functions for residents. This research emphasizes how people use communal open spaces for various activities, which are adaptive to the COVID-19 health protocol. The study approach uses field research quickly, the data is obtained by observing the type of housing open space that has the public function (communal open space) and the behavior of the community in using the space. The analysis was carried out in an analytical descriptive manner, looking at the pattern of activities associated with the COVID-19 health protocol. The results showed that there were 9 communal spaces spread over 4 types: a) field with a bale (an open design building of wood), which was used by men; b) the space around the kiosk that provides seating on an open terrace for all residents; c) open space around the intersection for children to play dynamically (cycling, running, sitting); d) the terrace of the residents’ house which is more for the passive activities of women. That four types of spaces according to the COVID-19 health protocol are very familiar with a natural atmosphere (enough air circulation and sufficient exposure to sunlight). The conclusion of the study shows that the need for socio-cultural space is still needed by the community during the COVID-19 pandemic which can actually make residents healthy.

funzione della nostalgia creativa

Drawing from the corpus of the twenty-four authors anthologised in Poeti italiani nati negli anni ’80 e ’90 (Latiano, Interno Poesia, 2019-2020), this work aims to give an account of the recurring themes and topics of these texts. The first two volumes of this anthology reveal, in spite of a rich formal differentiation and a variety of stylistic solutions, a strong concordance of themes and desire: thematically, these works betray an anxiety concerning the problem of the disintegration of the world, yet they also share in a desire for salvation, achieved by reconstituting oneself in an individual or communal space, through the specific means of poetry. Thus, the images of collapse and epidemic prevail, variously resolved in urban and peripheral contexts, equally opposed by repeated attempts of nostoi and a strong craving for light. This horizontal tendency seems to be the link through which to weave a broader generational discourse which transcends individual authors. A key for interpreting this discourse will be offered, in the second part of the paper, in the function of creative nostalgia. A partire dal corpus dei ventiquattro autori presenti nell’antologia Poeti italiani nati negli anni ’80 e ’90 (Latiano, Interno Poesia, 2019-2020), questo lavoro si propone di focalizzare e mettere in relazione i nodi tematici ricorrenti nei testi. I primi due volumi di quest’antologia rivelano infatti, a dispetto di una ricca differenziazione formale e di soluzioni stilistiche, una forte concordanza tematica e desiderativa, laddove il tema riguarda soprattutto il problema della disgregazione del mondo e il desiderio la capacità di salvarsene, ricostituendosi in uno spazio individuale o comunitario grazie ai mezzi specifici del gesto poetico stesso. Prevalgono allora le immagini del crollo e dell’epidemia, variamente risolte in contesti urbani e periferici, a cui si oppongono altrettanto variamente ripetuti tentativi di nostoi e una fortissima e dilagante ansia di luce. Questa propensione orizzontale sembra a tutti gli effetti la maglia stretta su cui intessere un discorso generazionale più largamente inteso, un discorso che trascenda le singole istanze individuali. Una chiave di lettura per questo discorso verrà individuata, nella seconda parte dell’intervento, nella funzione della nostalgia creativa.