Shooting

2018 ◽  
pp. 139-164
Author(s):  
Ronny Regev
Keyword(s):  
Labor Unions ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
The Political ◽  
Labor Organization ◽  
Technical Work ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Society

The fifth chapter deals with the experience of those who are commonly known as craftsmen or below-the-line workers. It suggests that the division between arts and crafts in the film industry resulted from the history of labor organization and the political struggles between labor unions such as IATSE and the American Society of Cinematographers. In addition, focusing on the experience of cameramen, the chapter demonstrate that workers in the technical branches of filmmaking, were concerned less with control and more with recognition. It shows how directors of photography sought to claim some of the respect and artistic stature accorded to directors and screenwriters. Thus, they struggled to form a tighter bond between the creative status of the film industry and the more traditional craft or technical work they introduced into it.

A Study of Political Discourses in Egypt Post-Mubarak Era

2021 ◽  
pp. 002190962110491
Author(s):  
Abbas Keshavarz Shokri ◽  
Jabbar Shojaei
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Groups ◽  
Made In

The collapse of the Mubarak regime on 25 January 2011 marked the beginning of profound discursive challenges in Egypt. Following the January Revolution, the political forces and discourses long suppressed by Mubarak finally felt free to participate in the political struggles of the time, and attempted to lead the charge in the rebuilding and reorganizing process of Egyptian society. To shed light on the origin and characteristics of these discourses, attempts have been made in this paper to explain through discourse analysis the four major political discourses in today’s Egypt: democratic Islamism, authoritarian Islamism, secular democracy, and secular authoritarianism, and also to identify the political groups representing each discourse, their target groups, the method of their argumentation, and finally their proposed political agenda. To explain these discourses, the a posteriori discourse method is used, i.e. identifying the history of the formation of components and features of discourses. To this end, the discourse analysis of theorists such as Foucault and Van Dyke has been used to examine political discourses in Egypt. The factors used to examine the discourses are: discourse producers, discourse audiences, discourse content, and discourse actions.

scholarly journals Revisiting early Political History of Modern Sarawak through the making of Stephen Kalong Ningkan as Sarawak’s first Chief Minister

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Bye Kadam-Kiai ◽  
Dick Lembang Dugun
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Early History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
Chief Minister ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
History Of

This paper narrates a political story of modern Sarawak from 1961 to 1974. The modern political history of Sarawak began with the conceptualisation and the formulation of the Federation Malaysia. The significant events that shaped and influenced the political history of modern Sarawak include: the British-Malayan Government meetings in November 1961 and July 1962; the setting up of the Cobbold Commission of Enquiry; the formulation of the Malaysia Solidarity and Consultative Committee (MSCC); the formation of the Inter-Governmental Committee (IGC); the signing the Malaysia Agreement of 1963; the controversies surrounding the making of the first Chief Minister and of the making of the first local State Governor; the cabinet crises of 1965 and 1966; the proclamation of the state of emergency in Sarawak in 1966 by the Federal Parliament which led to the removal of its first Chief Minister; and the establishment of the Sarawak Alliance and the Native Alliance. This historical account of the early history of modern Sarawak is not complete without the description of the ideas and the political struggles of Stephen Kalong Ningkan, the State’s first Chief Minister, and the issues affecting his political leadership

scholarly journals Cinema across borders: national differences in SÁMI FILMMAKING in the Nordic countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Crawley
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Political History ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Relative Lack ◽  
Northern Fennoscandia ◽  
National Differences ◽  
History Of

The cinema of the Sámi people, of northern Fennoscandia and Russia (Sápmi), has flourished since the turn of the millennium. This thesis summarizes the history of Sámi film, its current infrastructure, and the differences in filmmaking trends between the three Nordic countries of Sápmi. It also includes a list of all known Sámi productions and organizations funding Sámi film. By exploring the differences in funding in the Nordic countries, it examines the relative lack of Sámi film production and infrastructure in Sweden, as compared to Norway and Finland. The paper compares the development of the film industry, in each country of Sápmi, with the political history and current legal status of the Sámi, finding that the success of Sámi film is correlated with greater autonomy in government and language rights.

The Political History of Classical Hollywood: Moguls, Liberals and Radicals in the 1930s

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Film Industry ◽  
Political History ◽  
Popular Front ◽  
The Political ◽  
Red Scare ◽  
History Of ◽  
Progressive Reforms ◽  
Craft Guilds ◽  
Classical Hollywood ◽  
The New Deal

This explores the rift between opponents of progressive reforms associated with the New Deal (mainly the studio moguls) and its supporters in other branches of the film industry. It assesses the significance of the establishment of craft guilds to represent actors, writers, and directors. It offers a detailed analysis of how studio chiefs played a key role in defeating Upton Sinclair’s End Poverty in California (EPIC) campaign to become governor of California in 1934. It explores the anti-fascist Popular Front alliance formed between liberals and communists in the second half of the 1930s, how this prompted congressional investigation that prefigured the 1940s Red Scare, and the collapse of left-liberal unity with the establishment of the Nazi-Soviet pact in 1939. It also an assessment of mogul Louis B. Mayer and actor Melvyn Douglas as representatives of conservative and liberal Hollywood.

Hollywood Divided

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Brianton
Keyword(s):  
Film Industry ◽  
Film History ◽  
The Political ◽  
American Film ◽  
History And Criticism ◽  
Conservative Group ◽  
Revisionist History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Loyalty Oath ◽  
American Film Industry

The Screen Directors Guild (SDG) meeting of October 22, 1950, was convened to discuss the recall (dismissal) of the director Joseph L. Mankiewicz as Guild president by a conservative group headed by Cecil B. DeMille. The recall was an attempt by this group to stamp out a series of member protests about introducing a mandatory anti-Communist loyalty oath through an open and signed ballot. The loyalty oath was partly designed to introduce a union-sanctioned blacklist at the Guild. These issues divided the allegiances of the Guild and its board and were related to the political tensions extending from the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) investigation into Communism in the American film industry in 1947. The SDG meeting of 1950 is one of the most famous meetings in Hollywood history. It has been written about and referenced in many books on film history and criticism and described as one of the great symbolic events in Hollywood political history. While the coverage has been extensive, it has also been misinterpreted and misunderstood. Indeed, what passes for history is actually a wildly inaccurate account based on partisan sources. This book is a revisionist history of the meeting and the loyalty oath issue.

Broadcasting to Afghanistan: A history of the BBC Pashto Service

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabelle Sreberny ◽  
Massoumeh Torfeh
Keyword(s):  
Information Service ◽  
The Political ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper traces the history of BBC World Service (BBCWS) broadcasts to Afghanistan and the political struggles that led to the establishment of a Pashto language service to complement BBC broadcasting in Persian. The complex linguistic, ethnic, and tribal diversity of Afghanistan makes providing appropriate and relevant news, and an information service in the right language, accent, and idiom for Afghanistan, a daunting task. The paper analyzes the relationship between the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and the BBC, and the impetus behind the launch of a Pashto service for Afghans. It also explores the tensions between providing impartial news and engaging in communications for development purposes.

scholarly journals THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN POLITICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL OVER THE IMPLEMENTATION SHARIA-NUANCED REGIONAL REGULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Musahadi Ham
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Belief System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Ideological Struggle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pros And Cons

The positivation of Sharia (Islamic law) is an important topic that remains interesting to raise when discussing the institutionalization of Sharia in Indonesia. This topic is also a significant theme in the discussions of Islamic law in other parts of the Islamic world. How to make Islamic law as legal rules that apply nationally is one of the primary agenda. The objective is clear, that is so that Islamic law is neither merely an ideal law found in the collective awareness in the community’s belief system nor an "archive" discussed to satisfy the needs of intellectual exercise in academic institutions. It should become the law that applies positively. The establishment of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, Law Number 7 of 1989 concerning Religious Courts, and Presidential Instruction Number 1 of 1991 concerning the compilation of Islamic laws became important milestones in the history of Islamic law in Indonesia. Since the beginning of the reform era, the implementation of Islamic Sharia entered a new phase, as marked by the flourishing of Sharia regional regulations in various regions. The emergence of the Sharia regional regulations is certainly through serious political struggles, given that the real law is a product of the political process. The regional regulations, at the same time, has been through a massive ideological struggle, because the plurality of religions and ideologies in Indonesia will be powerful energy for the emergence of pros and cons of the emergence of this regional regulation. This article will explain the political and ideological struggle around the Sharia regional regulation.

scholarly journals Cinema across borders: national differences in SÁMI FILMMAKING in the Nordic countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Crawley
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Political History ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Relative Lack ◽  
Northern Fennoscandia ◽  
National Differences ◽  
History Of

The cinema of the Sámi people, of northern Fennoscandia and Russia (Sápmi), has flourished since the turn of the millennium. This thesis summarizes the history of Sámi film, its current infrastructure, and the differences in filmmaking trends between the three Nordic countries of Sápmi. It also includes a list of all known Sámi productions and organizations funding Sámi film. By exploring the differences in funding in the Nordic countries, it examines the relative lack of Sámi film production and infrastructure in Sweden, as compared to Norway and Finland. The paper compares the development of the film industry, in each country of Sápmi, with the political history and current legal status of the Sámi, finding that the success of Sámi film is correlated with greater autonomy in government and language rights.

Labor Protest in Morocco

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-72
Author(s):  
Matt Buehler
Keyword(s):  
Labor Unions ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Early History ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Core Material ◽  
The Political ◽  
History Of ◽  
Labor Protest ◽  
The Arab Spring

This chapter is divided into four sections that outline the origins of Morocco’s labor unions and detail their involvement in the country’s uprisings of 2011. First, the chapter surveys the historical foundations of labor unions in Morocco, focusing on the colonial and postcolonial periods. This early history demonstrates that Morocco’s unions have a history of inciting violence to advance their agenda, especially in urban areas, which have historically served as centers of opposition to the monarchy. Second, the chapter sets the baseline to show that, like in Tunisia and Egypt, the period preceding the Arab Spring was marked by increased labor unrest in Morocco. Third, it examines union mobilization during the height of popular protests against Morocco’s regime, from February 2011 to June 2011. Finally, the chapter closes by discussing what demands the unions secured from their activism and reviews the key implications from the political historical narrative. The empirical record bears out the argument that labor unions used unrest connected to Morocco’s “Arab Spring” to realize some of their core material demands.

scholarly journals Mirrors of the Soul

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-154
Author(s):  
Vivek V. Narayan
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
The Political ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Religious Cult ◽  
History Of ◽  
Princely State

Scenes of avarna castes (slave and intermediate castes) pondering their reflections recur throughout the history of anti-caste struggle in the princely state of Travancore in colonial-era south India. These scenes represent what I will call performative egalitarianisms, which are repetitive enactments in the performance of everyday lives that embody claims to equality against the dehumanizing caste codes of colonial Travancore. In this paper, I will describe three scenes that represent distinct yet intertwined routes for the flows of egalitarian discourses in colonial Kerala. The concept of equality emerged in Travancore, first, via Enlightenment values of the British Protestant missionaries, or soulful Enlightenment; second, as non-dualistic equality of Narayana Guru, or repurposed Advaita; and third, through the discourses and practices of a Tamil religious cult called Ayya Vazhi, or radical Siddha Saiva. In viewing the flows of egalitarian discourse through the lens of performance, I demonstrate the method of intellectual histories in the repertoire which allows us to investigate how particular conceptual frameworks and discursive modes are transmitted, transformed, and embodied by people for whom these ideas are, quite literally, a matter of life and death. The intentional, productive, and empowering relationship between universals such as equality or humanity and the particular claims of anti-caste struggle in Kerala leads to a politics of practice that I describe as repurposing universals. The centrality of the notion of the human in the anti-caste politics of colonial-era Travancore leads me to refer to these flows of egalitarian discourses and the political struggles that they empowered as genealogies of the human. In sum, I analyze the genealogies of the human in colonial-era Travancore by focussing on three scenes exemplifying performative egalitarianisms: soulful Enlightenment, repurposed Advaita, and radical Siddha Saiva.

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