scholarly journals Individualized Housing Careers in Early Adulthood: Conditions and Constraints in a Familistic Society

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Nico
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Intergenerational Support ◽  
Southern European Country ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Research And Policy

This article discusses the unsteady and uncertain conditions in which a potentially individualized life course co-exists with and survives in a so-called institutionalized, standardized, familistic and sub-protective society. For the purpose, non-family living in early adulthood in a southern European country (Portugal) is taken as the example. On one hand, data from the 2006 European Social Survey (23 countries, N=43000) is used to contextualize the Portuguese transition to adulthood and the preconceptions about the so-called familistic societies in general. On the other hand, data on events and values from a small sample of young adults living alone in Portugal (aged 24-30, N=120, approximately 1% of the universe considered), along with official statistics on a housing programme for these young adults (Rental Incentive for Young People), allows us to analytically deconstruct preconceptions about the relation between intergenerational support and welfare policies in familistic societies. This data demonstrates most of all how a mismatch between the still-prevailing institutionalization of life courses in some societies and the reflexivity characterizing contemporary biographies produces critical points in young people's lives. It also demonstrates the adaptability of family cultures to these ‘choice biographies’ in comparison to the lack of adaptability of some youth policies, in particular those involving housing. These processes of mismatching and misunderstanding reflect and promote the inadequacy and inefficiency of communication between youth research and policy-making.

scholarly journals Housing and family trajectories of young adults in five countries: Sweden, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy and Serbia: Sequence analysis of European social survey data

Sociologija ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-288
Author(s):  
Dragan Stanojevic ◽  
Aleksandar Tomasevic
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Young People ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Family Transitions ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Social

The aim of this paper is to analyse housing and family transitions among the young and young adults in five countries: Sweden, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy and Serbia, representing the Social-democratic, Conservative, Liberal, Mediterranean and (SEE) Post-socialist models of welfare regimes. For the purposes of our analysis, we used round 9 of European Social Survey data. The focus of our analysis was on the rotating module ?Timing of life? which aims to capture the views of European citizens about their life courses and their strategies to plan their own lives, as well as measures the timing of key life events. Variables from this module were used to construct life trajectories of respondents which are statistically modelled as sequences. Interpretation of the obtained results leads to two important conclusions. First, the differences in the types of family transitions of young people between countries are significant. Second, these differences can be explained both by individual characteristics and by the social and cultural context that determines the horizon of opportunities for young people. Even after controlling the effects of individual characteristics such as gender, age, education, parental education, religious affiliation, statistical differences between countries persist, indicating that a significant part of variability cannot be explained on an individual-level but exclusively by social and institutional context.

scholarly journals Leaving the Financial Nest: Connecting Young Adults’ Financial Independence to Financial Security

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Doherty Bea ◽  
Youngmin Yi
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Financial Independence ◽  
Transitions To Adulthood ◽  
Familial Support ◽  
Using Data

Objective: This study examines variation in young adults’ transitions to financial independence and the relationship between these transitions and financial security. Background: Individuals on their families for substantial financial support well into early adulthood, even as young adults perceive independence as a key marker of adulthood. Given known variation in transitions to adulthood and unequal exposure to financial precariousness across social groups, the authors ask whether heterogeneity emerges with regards to the timing of financial independence and types of support received, and how differences in pathways to independence may matter for financial security later in young adulthood.Method: The authors estimate group-based trajectory models of four indicators of financial independence for 1,719 young adults from age 18 - 27 using data from the 2005-2015 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (http://psidonline.isr.umich.edu/). These trajectories are then used to estimate predicted levels of financial security at the end of the study period, using logistic and linear regression analysis. Results: Results show that paths to young adults’ financial independence are best characterized by four types of trajectories: Consistently Independent (23%), Quickly Independent (41%), Gradually Independent (23%), and Consistently Supported (13%), with types and duration of support varying substantially across trajectories. The authors find that young adults experiencing trajectories characterized by lower levels of familial support also report higher levels of financial insecurity by the end of the survey. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the patterning and timing of financial independence in the transition to adulthood has implications for financial wellbeing.

Automation risk and support for welfare policies: how does the threat of unemployment affect demanding active labour market policy support?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Zhen Jie Im
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Active Labour Market Policies ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Unemployment Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract How does unemployment risk affect workers’ support for demanding active labour market policies (ALMPs)? There may be a substantial number of workers who experience unemployment risk from labour market disruptions. Yet, we know less about its impact on demanding ALMP support than the impact of unemployment status. Here, I explore the impact of unemployment risk through automation. Automation-threatened workers’ support for demanding ALMPs may be influenced by two opposing considerations that are linked to their potential reliance on welfare. First, they may worry about barriers to welfare access. Second, they may worry about welfare competition, especially under austerity. Their support for demanding ALMPs would hence depend on which consideration they find to be most salient. Based on the European Social Survey (2016) data on West European countries, I find that automation-threatened workers significantly support such policies. This may indicate that they find welfare competition concerns more salient than welfare access ones.

scholarly journals Does Religiosity in the Transition to Adulthood Predict Filial Norms in Midlife?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 394-394
Author(s):  
Jeung Hyun Kim ◽  
Woosang Hwang ◽  
Maria Brown ◽  
Merril Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Elder Care ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Intergenerational Relationships ◽  
Aging Parents ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Broad Consensus

Abstract Objective This study aims to identify multiple dimensions of religiosity among young adults at the beginning and end of the transition to adulthood, and describe how transition patterns of religiosity in early adulthood are associated with filial elder-care norms in midlife. Background There is a broad consensus that religiosity is multidimensional in nature, but less is known regarding transitions in multiple dimensions of religiosity from early to middle adulthood and predicted filial eldercare norms as a function of those religiosity transitions. Methods The sample consisted of 368 young adults participating in the Longitudinal Study of Generations in 2000 (mean age = 23 years) and 2016 waves. We conducted a latent class and latent transition analyses to address our aims. Results We identified three religious latent classes among young adults in both 2000 and 2016 waves: strongly religious, weakly religious, and doctrinally religious. Staying strongly religious young adults between 2000 to 2016 waves reported higher filial elder-care norms in the 2016 Wave than those who were in staying weakly religious, staying doctrinally religious, and decreasing religiosity transition patterns between 2000 to 2016 waves. Conclusion Our findings suggest that religiosity is still an important value for young adults shaping their intergenerational relationships with their aging parents. Keywords: religiosity, filial eldercare norms, young adults, transition to adulthood

The Influence of Question Wording on Interpersonal Trust

Methodology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Henriques ◽  
Susana Silva ◽  
Milton Severo ◽  
Sílvia Fraga ◽  
Elisabete Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Question Wording ◽  
Mean And Variance ◽  
Final Score ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. We aimed to evaluate the impact of two question wordings, one more directive (reference, European Social Survey ) and one less directive (modified version), on self-reported trust. Using a randomly equivalent groups design, young adults ( n = 1,681) from the EPITeen cohort completed one of two questionnaires to evaluate trust. The final score ranged between 0 (lowest) and 30 (highest). Cronbach’s alphas were computed to assess reliability, and invariance tests were conducted to test the equivalence of both versions. Lower levels of interpersonal trust were attained with the reference version [ M ( SD):14.4(5.3) vs. 15.6(4.8); p < .001 and p = .005 for mean and variance comparison]. The reference version had better reliability (α = .742 vs. .686; p = .006). Strict invariance was achieved between the two formats, and similar effects of sociodemographic variables on trust were obtained, independently of the version used. The reference version presented better reliability than the modified one, supporting its ability to measure levels of trust among young adults.

scholarly journals Mapping civic experiences in Estonia

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kaun
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Civic Culture ◽  
Democratic Values ◽  
Civic Action ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Holistic Perspective ◽  
Survey Round ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe article concerns civic experiences beyond or prior to civic action. Approaching questions of civic culture and democracy by way of the rather broad notion of civic experience, the author suggests that democratic values and processes involving citizens’ participation should be understood as deeply anchored in the lifeworld. The article establishes a view in which civic culture is understood from a holistic perspective as an experience. At the same time, the author is interested in the ways in which media are involved in that process, without assuming their predominance in fostering civic engagement and public connection. Drawing mainly on 20 solicited, open-ended online diaries with young adults from Narva, Tartu, and Tallinn in Estonia and the European Social Survey Round 5, the article proposes civic experience as a helpful notion to overcome the generic divide between utopian and dystopian views on the relationship between media and civic culture.

Work Values and the Value of Work: Different Implications for Young Adults’ Self-Employment in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 682 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lukeš ◽  
Manuel Feldmann ◽  
Federico Vegetti
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Work Values ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Using Data

In this study, we ask how work values impact different forms of labor market participation of young adults across Europe. We define work values as individuals’ intrinsic and extrinsic motivations to work and the value of work as the importance or centrality of work in individuals’ lives. We use data gathered from young adults in eleven European countries in the CUPESSE project to investigate the role of the two sets of values regarding employment and self-employment. We then replicate our analysis on a larger sample using data from the European Social Survey (ESS). Our findings suggest a high importance of nonpecuniary benefits for self-employment. Analyses based on both CUPESSE and ESS datasets clearly showed the high, positive impact that independence and creativity have on self-employment. We also show that extrinsic values, such as job security, are more important for employees than they are for the self-employed. Additionally, we find that the value of work in life does not differ between the employed and the self-employed. In sum, these findings suggest that values related to self-employment are not rooted in a general value of work, as Max Weber postulated in his Protestant Work Ethic nearly one hundred years ago, as much as in the aim to achieve personal satisfaction.

Unemployment, well-being, and the moderating role of education policies: A multilevel study

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-291
Author(s):  
Björn Högberg ◽  
Jonas Voßemer ◽  
Michael Gebel ◽  
Mattias Strandh
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Multilevel Methods ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Second Chance

This article aims to investigate if education policies moderate the association between unemployment and well-being among young adults. Based on the capability approach, we argue that education policies mitigate the negative effects of unemployment by providing opportunities for education and thus ways to exit unemployment. Education policies can strengthen capabilities, enhance the control that individuals have over their situation, and thereby reduce the stress associated with unemployment. We estimated cross-level interactions between education policies and unemployment status using multilevel methods and data from the European Social Survey. Results showed that policies that increase educational opportunities—such as generous second chance opportunities—were associated with smaller negative effects of unemployment on well-being and that this moderating impact was stronger for young adults with low education. Further analyses show that education policies are also associated with perceived capabilities among unemployed, supporting the proposed mechanism.

Government quality, egalitarianism, and attitudes to taxes and social spending: a European comparison

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Svallfors
Keyword(s):  
Large Degree ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Social Spending ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
European Comparison ◽  
Government Quality ◽  
The Impact

The paper analyses how perceptions of government quality – in terms of impartiality and efficiency – impact on attitudes to taxes and social spending. It builds on data from the European Social Survey 2008 from 29 European countries. The paper shows a large degree of congruence between expert-based judgments and the general public's perceptions of the quality of government. It also shows that the quality of government has a clear, independent effect on attitudes to taxes and spending, so that people who perceive institutions as efficient and fair want higher taxes and spending. But government quality also conditions the impact of egalitarianism on attitudes to taxes and spending: in high-quality-of-government egalitarianism has a clearly stronger impact on these attitudes. It is concluded that government quality is an important and so far neglected factor in explaining attitudes to welfare policies.

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